# Hs:tech Graph > Generate production-quality SVG+PNG technical diagrams — architecture, data flow, flowchart, sequence, agent/memory, or concept maps — across 7 visual styles. Use when user wants "generate diagram", "draw diagram", "visualize", "architecture diagram", "flowchart", or any system/flow they want illustrated. Pairs with /hs:preview --diagram for visual self-review and /hs:mermaidjs-v11 for inline-doc diagrams; this skill is the publish-grade output mode. - Skill: `danielleit241/hs-tech-graph` (Agent Skill, multi-file: 36 files) - Install (CLI): `npx skillmds@latest add danielleit241/hs-tech-graph` - Raw SKILL.md: https://api.skillmd.com/api/skills/danielleit241/hs-tech-graph/raw - Safety review: pending - Works with: Claude Code, Claude.ai, OpenAI Codex - Category: AI & ML - Author: danielleit241 (https://skillmd.com/u/danielleit241) - Updated: 2026-09-17 - Page: https://skillmd.com/skills/danielleit241/hs-tech-graph --- # Tech Graph Generate production-quality SVG technical diagrams, optionally exported as PNG via `rsvg-convert`. > Vendored from upstream `fireworks-tech-graph` (yizhiyanhua-ai, MIT). System dep `librsvg` (provides `rsvg-convert`) must be installed via your package manager. Do NOT use upstream's `npx skills add` instructions — this skill is vendored directly into this kit. **SVG-only is a supported success path.** If `rsvg-convert` is not installed, `generate-diagram.sh` warns and still exits `0`, leaving the validated SVG in place — PNG export is a nice-to-have, not a requirement. Install `librsvg` (`brew install librsvg` / `apt-get install librsvg2-bin`) only if you specifically need the PNG. ## Vendoring Notes This skill is vendored — no manual `npx skills add` step is needed. The required system dependency `librsvg` (`rsvg-convert` binary) is a plain package-manager install (`brew install librsvg` on macOS, `apt-get install librsvg2-bin` on Debian/Ubuntu). Drift from the upstream `fireworks-tech-graph` repository is tracked manually; re-check the upstream source when updating this skill. ## Helper Scripts (Recommended) Four helper scripts in `scripts/` directory provide stable SVG generation and validation: ### 1. `generate-diagram.sh` - Validate SVG + export PNG ```bash ./scripts/generate-diagram.sh -t architecture -s 1 -o ./output/arch.svg ``` - Validates an existing SVG file - Exports PNG after validation - Example: `./scripts/generate-diagram.sh -t architecture -s 1 -o ./output/arch.svg` ### 2. `generate-from-template.py` - Create starter SVG from template ```bash python3 ./scripts/generate-from-template.py architecture ./output/arch.svg '{"title":"My Diagram","nodes":[],"arrows":[]}' ``` - Loads a built-in SVG template - Renders nodes, arrows, and legend entries from JSON input - Escapes text content to keep output XML-valid ### 3. `validate-svg.sh` - Validate SVG syntax ```bash ./scripts/validate-svg.sh ``` - Checks XML syntax - Verifies tag balance - Validates marker references - Checks attribute completeness - Validates path data ### 4. `test-all-styles.sh` - Batch test all styles ```bash ./scripts/test-all-styles.sh ``` - Tests multiple diagram sizes - Validates all generated SVGs - Generates test report **When to use scripts:** - Use scripts when generating complex SVGs to avoid syntax errors - Scripts provide automatic validation and error reporting - Recommended for production diagrams **When to generate SVG directly:** - Simple diagrams with few elements - Quick prototypes - When you need full control over SVG structure ## Workflow (Always Follow This Order) 1. **Classify** the diagram type (see Diagram Types below) 2. **Extract structure** — identify layers, nodes, edges, flows, and semantic groups from user description 3. **Plan layout** — apply the layout rules for the diagram type 4. **Load style reference** — always load `references/style-1-flat-icon.md` unless user specifies another; load the matching numbered style reference for exact color tokens and SVG patterns 5. **Map nodes to shapes** — use Shape Vocabulary below 6. **Check icon needs** — load `references/icons.md` for known products 7. **Write SVG** with adaptive strategy (see SVG Generation Strategy below) 8. **Validate**: Run `rsvg-convert file.svg -o /dev/null 2>&1` to check syntax 9. **Export PNG**: `rsvg-convert -w 1920 file.svg -o file.png` 10. **Report** the generated file paths 11. **(Optional) Visual self-review** — if your runtime can read images, load the exported PNG back and inspect it. Syntactic validity does not guarantee visual correctness: arrows may cross through component interiors, labels may collide with lifelines or other labels, boxes may overlap, alt-frame text may sit on top of a message, or a legend may cover content. If you see any of these, revise the SVG and re-export; repeat until the rendered image is clean. Common fixes: - Route arrows through gaps between boxes, not through box interiors - Add background rects behind arrow labels (opacity 0.95, matching canvas color) - Widen inter-row/inter-column gutters so same-layer arrows have clear corridors - Collapse repeated cross-layer arrows into a single "delegates down" rail outside the content area - Move legend/notes out of any region where arrows or labels land - Increase viewBox height/width rather than packing elements tighter Skip this step silently if image reading is unavailable — do not guess. ## Diagram Types & Layout Rules ### Architecture Diagram Nodes = services/components. Group into **horizontal layers** (top→bottom or left→right). - Typical layers: Client → Gateway/LB → Services → Data/Storage - Use `` dashed containers to group related services in the same layer - Arrow direction follows data/request flow - ViewBox: `0 0 960 600` standard, `0 0 960 800` for tall stacks ### Data Flow Diagram Emphasizes **what data moves where**. Focus on data transformation. - Label every arrow with the data type (e.g., "embeddings", "query", "context") - Use wider arrows (`stroke-width: 2.5`) for primary data paths - Dashed arrows for control/trigger flows - Color arrows by data category (not just Agent/RAG — use semantics) ### Flowchart / Process Flow Sequential decision/process steps. - Top-to-bottom preferred; left-to-right for wide flows - Diamond shapes for decisions, rounded rects for processes, parallelograms for I/O - Keep node labels short (≤3 words); put detail in sub-labels - Align nodes on a grid: x positions snap to 120px intervals, y to 80px ### Agent Architecture Diagram Shows how an AI agent reasons, uses tools, and manages memory. Key conceptual layers to always consider: - **Input layer**: User, query, trigger - **Agent core**: LLM, reasoning loop, planner - **Memory layer**: Short-term (context window), Long-term (vector/graph DB), Episodic - **Tool layer**: Tool calls, APIs, search, code execution - **Output layer**: Response, action, side-effects Use cyclic arrows (loop arcs) to show iterative reasoning. Separate memory types visually. ### Memory Architecture Diagram (Mem0, MemGPT-style) Specialized agent diagram focused on memory operations. - Show memory **write path** and **read path** separately (different arrow colors) - Memory tiers: Working Memory → Short-term → Long-term → External Store - Label memory operations: `store()`, `retrieve()`, `forget()`, `consolidate()` - Use stacked rects or layered cylinders for storage tiers ### Sequence Diagram Time-ordered message exchanges between participants. - Participants as vertical **lifelines** (top labels + vertical dashed lines) - Messages as horizontal arrows between lifelines, top-to-bottom time order - Activation boxes (thin filled rects on lifeline) show active processing - Group with `` loop/alt frames with label in top-left corner - ViewBox height = 80 + (num_messages × 50) ### Comparison / Feature Matrix Side-by-side comparison of approaches, systems, or components. - Column headers = systems, row headers = attributes - Row height: 40px; column width: min 120px; header row height: 50px - Checked cell: tinted background (e.g. `#dcfce7`) + `✓` checkmark; unsupported: `#f9fafb` fill - Alternating row fills (`#f9fafb` / `#ffffff`) for readability - Max readable columns: 5; beyond that, split into two diagrams ### Timeline / Gantt Horizontal time axis showing durations, phases, and milestones. - X-axis = time (weeks/months/quarters); Y-axis = items/tasks/phases - Bars: rounded rects, colored by category, labeled inside or beside - Milestone markers: diamond or filled circle at specific x position with label above - ViewBox: `0 0 960 400` typical; wider for many time periods: `0 0 1200 400` ### Mind Map / Concept Map Radial layout from central concept. - Central node at `cx=480, cy=280` - First-level branches: evenly distributed around center (360/N degrees) - Second-level branches: branch off first-level at 30-45° offset - Use curved `` with cubic bezier for branches, not straight lines ### Class Diagram (UML) Static structure showing classes, attributes, methods, and relationships. - **Class box**: 3-compartment rect (name / attributes / methods), min width 160px - Top compartment: class name, bold, centered (abstract = _italic_) - Middle: attributes with visibility (`+` public, `-` private, `#` protected) - Bottom: method signatures, same visibility notation - **Relationships**: - Inheritance (extends): solid line + hollow triangle arrowhead, child → parent - Implementation (interface): dashed line + hollow triangle, class → interface - Association: solid line + open arrowhead, label with multiplicity (1, 0.._, 1.._) - Aggregation: solid line + hollow diamond on container side - Composition: solid line + filled diamond on container side - Dependency: dashed line + open arrowhead - **Interface**: `<>` stereotype above name, or circle/lollipop notation - **Enum**: compartment rect with `<>` stereotype, values in bottom - Layout: parent classes top, children below; interfaces to the left/right of implementors - ViewBox: `0 0 960 600` standard; `0 0 960 800` for deep hierarchies ### Use Case Diagram (UML) System functionality from user perspective. - **Actor**: stick figure (circle head + body line) placed outside system boundary - Label below figure, 13-14px - Primary actors on left, secondary/supporting on right - **Use case**: ellipse with label centered inside, min 140×60px - Keep names verb phrases: "Create Order", "Process Payment" - **System boundary**: large rect with dashed border + system name in top-left - **Relationships**: - Include: dashed arrow `<>` from base to included use case - Extend: dashed arrow `<>` from extension to base use case - Generalization: solid line + hollow triangle (specialized → general) - Layout: system boundary centered, actors outside, use cases inside - ViewBox: `0 0 960 600` standard ### State Machine Diagram (UML) Lifecycle states and transitions of an entity. - **State**: rounded rect with state name, min 120×50px - Internal activities: small text `entry/ action`, `exit/ action`, `do/ activity` - **Initial state**: filled black circle (r=8), one outgoing arrow - **Final state**: filled circle (r=8) inside hollow circle (r=12) - **Choice**: small hollow diamond, guard labels on outgoing arrows `[condition]` - **Transition**: arrow with optional label `event [guard] / action` - Guard conditions in square brackets - Actions after `/` - **Composite/nested state**: larger rect containing sub-states, with name tab - **Fork/join**: thick horizontal or vertical black bar (synchronization) - Layout: initial state top-left, final state bottom-right, flow top-to-bottom - ViewBox: `0 0 960 600` standard ### ER Diagram (Entity-Relationship) Database schema and data relationships. - **Entity**: rect with entity name in header (bold), attributes below - Primary key attribute: underlined - Foreign key: italic or marked with (FK) - Min width: 160px; attribute font-size: 12px - **Relationship**: diamond shape on connecting line - Label inside diamond: "has", "belongs to", "enrolls in" - Cardinality labels near entity: `1`, `N`, `0..1`, `0..*`, `1..*` - **Weak entity**: double-bordered rect with double diamond relationship - **Associative entity**: diamond + rect hybrid (rect with diamond inside) - Line style: solid for identifying relationships, dashed for non-identifying - Layout: entities in 2-3 rows, relationships between related entities - ViewBox: `0 0 960 600` standard; wider `0 0 1200 600` for many entities ### Network Topology Physical or logical network infrastructure. - **Devices**: icon-like rects or rounded rects - Router: circle with cross arrows - Switch: rect with arrow grid - Server: stacked rect (rack icon) - Firewall: brick-pattern rect or shield shape - Load Balancer: horizontal split rect with arrows - Cloud: cloud path (overlapping arcs) - **Connections**: lines between device centers - Ethernet/wired: solid line, label bandwidth - Wireless: dashed line with WiFi symbol - VPN: dashed line with lock icon - **Subnets/Zones**: dashed rect containers with zone label (DMZ, Internal, External) - **Labels**: device hostname + IP below, 12-13px - Layout: tiered top-to-bottom (Internet → Edge → Core → Access → Endpoints) - ViewBox: `0 0 960 600` standard ## UML Coverage Map Full mapping of UML 14 diagram types to supported diagram types: | UML Diagram | Supported As | Notes | | -------------------- | ------------------------ | ------------------------------------- | | Class | Class Diagram | Full UML notation | | Component | Architecture Diagram | Use colored fills per component type | | Deployment | Architecture Diagram | Add node/instance labels | | Package | Architecture Diagram | Use dashed grouping containers | | Composite Structure | Architecture Diagram | Nested rects within components | | Object | Class Diagram | Instance boxes with underlined name | | Use Case | Use Case Diagram | Full actor/ellipse/relationship | | Activity | Flowchart / Process Flow | Add fork/join bars | | State Machine | State Machine Diagram | Full UML notation | | Sequence | Sequence Diagram | Add alt/opt/loop frames | | Communication | — | Approximate with Sequence (swap axes) | | Timing | Timeline | Adapt time axis | | Interaction Overview | Flowchart | Combine activity + sequence fragments | | ER Diagram | ER Diagram | Chen/Crow's foot notation | ## Shape Vocabulary Map semantic concepts to consistent shapes across all diagram types: | Concept | Shape | Notes | | -------------------- | --------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------- | | User / Human | Circle + body path | Stick figure or avatar | | LLM / Model | Rounded rect with brain/spark icon or gradient fill | Use accent color | | Agent / Orchestrator | Hexagon or rounded rect with double border | Signals "active controller" | | Memory (short-term) | Rounded rect, dashed border | Ephemeral = dashed | | Memory (long-term) | Cylinder (database shape) | Persistent = solid cylinder | | Vector Store | Cylinder with grid lines inside | Add 3 horizontal lines | | Graph DB | Circle cluster (3 overlapping circles) | | | Tool / Function | Gear-like rect or rect with wrench icon | | | API / Gateway | Hexagon (single border) | | | Queue / Stream | Horizontal tube (pipe shape) | | | File / Document | Folded-corner rect | | | Browser / UI | Rect with 3-dot titlebar | | | Decision | Diamond | Flowcharts only | | Process / Step | Rounded rect | Standard box | | External Service | Rect with cloud icon or dashed border | | | Data / Artifact | Parallelogram | I/O in flowcharts | ## Arrow Semantics Always assign arrow meaning, not just color: | Flow Type | Color | Stroke | Dash | Meaning | | --------------------- | ---------------- | ------------ | ----- | ----------------------------- | | Primary data flow | blue `#2563eb` | 2px solid | none | Main request/response path | | Control / trigger | orange `#ea580c` | 1.5px solid | none | One system triggering another | | Memory read | green `#059669` | 1.5px solid | none | Retrieval from store | | Memory write | green `#059669` | 1.5px | `5,3` | Write/store operation | | Async / event | gray `#6b7280` | 1.5px | `4,2` | Non-blocking, event-driven | | Embedding / transform | purple `#7c3aed` | 1px solid | none | Data transformation | | Feedback / loop | purple `#7c3aed` | 1.5px curved | none | Iterative reasoning loop | Always include a **legend** when 2+ arrow types are used. ## Layout Rules & Validation **Spacing**: - Same-layer nodes: 80px horizontal, 120px vertical between layers - Canvas margins: 40px minimum, 60px between node edges - Snap to 8px grid: horizontal 120px intervals, vertical 120px intervals **Arrow Labels** (CRITICAL): - MUST have background rect: `` with 4px horizontal, 2px vertical padding - Place mid-arrow, ≤3 words, stagger by 15-20px when multiple arrows converge - Maintain 10px safety distance from nodes **Arrow Routing**: - Prefer orthogonal (L-shaped) paths to minimize crossings - Anchor arrows on component edges, not geometric centers - Route around dense node clusters, use different y-offsets for parallel arrows - Jump-over arcs (5px radius) for unavoidable crossings **Line Overlap Prevention** (CRITICAL - most common bug on Codex): When two arrows must cross each other, ALWAYS use jump-over arcs to prevent visual overlap: - Crossing horizontal arrows: add a small semicircle arc (radius 5px, stroke same color as arrow, fill none) that "jumps over" the other line - SVG pattern for jump-over: use a white/matching-background arc on the lower layer, then draw the upper arc on top - Multiple crossings: stagger arc radii (5px, 7px, 9px) so arcs don't overlap each other - Never let two arrows' straight-line segments cross without a jump-over arc **Validation Checklist** (run before finalizing): 1. **Arrow-Component Collision**: Arrows MUST NOT pass through component interiors (route around with orthogonal paths) 2. **Text Overflow**: All text MUST fit with 8px padding (estimate: `text.length × 7px ≤ shape_width - 16px`) 3. **Arrow-Text Alignment**: Arrow endpoints MUST connect to shape edges (not floating); all arrow labels MUST have background rects 4. **Container Discipline**: Prefer arrows entering and leaving section containers through open gaps between components, not through inner component bodies ## SVG Technical Rules - ViewBox: `0 0 960 600` default; `0 0 960 800` tall; `0 0 1200 600` wide - Fonts: embed via `` — no external `@import` (breaks rsvg-convert) - ``: arrow markers, gradients, filters, clip paths - Text: minimum 12px, prefer 13-14px labels, 11px sub-labels, 16-18px titles - All arrows: `` with `markerEnd`, sized `markerWidth="10" markerHeight="7"` - Drop shadows: `` in ``, apply sparingly (key nodes only) - Curved paths: use `M x1,y1 C cx1,cy1 cx2,cy2 x2,y2` cubic bezier for loops/feedback arrows - Clip content: use `` if text might overflow a node box ## SVG Generation & Error Prevention **MANDATORY: Python List Method** (ALWAYS use this): ```python python3 << 'EOF' lines = [] lines.append('') lines.append(' ') # ... each line separately lines.append('') with open('/path/to/output.svg', 'w') as f: f.write('\n'.join(lines)) print("SVG generated successfully") EOF ``` **Why mandatory**: Prevents character truncation, typos, and syntax errors. Each line is independent and easy to verify. **Pre-Tool-Call Checklist** (CRITICAL - use EVERY time): 1. ✅ Can I write out the COMPLETE command/content right now? 2. ✅ Do I have ALL required parameters ready? 3. ✅ Have I checked for syntax errors in my prepared content? **If ANY answer is NO**: STOP. Do NOT call the tool. Prepare the content first. **Error Recovery Protocol**: - **First error**: Analyze root cause, apply targeted fix - **Second error**: Switch method entirely (Python list → chunked generation) - **Third error**: STOP and report to user - do NOT loop endlessly - **Never**: Retry the same failing command or call tools with empty parameters **Validation** (run after generation): ```bash rsvg-convert file.svg -o /tmp/test.png 2>&1 && echo "✓ Valid" && rm /tmp/test.png ``` **If using `generate-from-template.py`**: - Prefer `source` / `target` node ids in arrow JSON so the generator can snap to node edges - Keep `x1,y1,x2,y2` as hints or fallback coordinates, not the main routing primitive - Let the generator choose orthogonal routes; avoid hardcoding center-to-center straight lines unless the path is guaranteed clear **Common Syntax Errors to Avoid**: - ❌ `yt-anchor` → ✅ `y="60" text-anchor="middle"` - ❌ `x="390` (missing y) → ✅ `x="390" y="250"` - ❌ `fill=#fff` → ✅ `fill="#ffffff"` - ❌ `marker-end=` → ✅ `marker-end="url(#arrow)"` - ❌ `L 29450` → ✅ `L 290,220` - ❌ Missing `` at end ## Output - **Default**: `./[derived-name].svg` and `./[derived-name].png` in current directory - **Custom**: user specifies path with `--output /path/` or `输出到 /path/` - **PNG export**: `rsvg-convert -w 1920 file.svg -o file.png` (1920px = 2x retina) ## Styles | # | Name | Background | Best For | | --- | ----------------------- | -------------------- | -------------------------- | | 1 | **Flat Icon** (default) | White | Blogs, docs, presentations | | 2 | **Dark Terminal** | `#0f0f1a` | GitHub, dev articles | | 3 | **Blueprint** | `#0a1628` | Architecture docs | | 4 | **Notion Clean** | White, minimal | Notionnce | | 5 | **Glassmorphism** | Dark gradient | Product sites, keynotes | | 6 | **Claude Official** | Warm cream `#f8f6f3` | Anthropic-style diagrams | | 7 | **OpenAI Official** | Pure white `#ffffff` | OpenAI-style diagrams | Load the matching numbered style reference for exact color tokens and SVG patterns. ## Style Selection **Default**: Style 1 (Flat Icon) for most diagrams. Load `references/style-diagram-matrix.md` for detailed style-to-diagram-type recommendations. These patterns appear frequently — internalize them: **RAG Pipeline**: Query → Embed → VectorSearch → Retrieve → Augment → LLM → Response **Agentic RAG**: adds Agent loop with Tool use between Query and LLM **Agentic Search**: Query → Planner → [Search Tool / Calculator / Code] → Synthesizer → Response **Mem0 / Memory Layer**: Input → Memory Manager → [Write: VectorDB + GraphDB] / [Read: Retrieve+Rank] → Context **Agent Memory Types**: Sensory (raw input) → Working (context window) → Episodic (past interactions) → Semantic (facts) → Procedural (skills) **Multi-Agent**: Orchestrator → [SubAgent A / SubAgent B / SubAgent C] → Aggregator → Output **Tool Call Flow**: LLM → Tool Selector → Tool Execution → Result Parser → LLM (loop)