# Cwe 693 Missing Security Headers

> Use this skill when you need to remediate CWE-693 (Missing Security Headers (Clickjacking)) vulnerabilities in Java code. Triggers on SAST findings, security reviews, or when fixing missing security headers (clickjacking) issues.

- Skill: `developerscoffee/cwe-693-missing-security-headers` (Agent Skill)
- Install (CLI): `npx skillmds@latest add developerscoffee/cwe-693-missing-security-headers`
- Raw SKILL.md: https://api.skillmd.com/api/skills/developerscoffee/cwe-693-missing-security-headers/raw
- Safety review: pending (external: skill-scanner PASS, skillspector PASS)
- Works with: Claude Code, Claude.ai, OpenAI Codex
- Category: Security
- License: MIT
- Author: DevelopersCoffee (https://skillmd.com/u/developerscoffee)
- Updated: 2026-09-10
- Page: https://skillmd.com/skills/developerscoffee/cwe-693-missing-security-headers

---


# CWE-693 Missing Security Headers (Clickjacking)

## Description

Missing Security Headers (Clickjacking)

Reference:
https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/693.html


**OWASP Category**: A05:2021 – Security Misconfiguration


---

## Vulnerable Pattern


### ❌ Example 1: Vulnerable Pattern

```java
// VULNERABLE: No security headers configured
@RestController
public class ApiController {
    @GetMapping("/data")
    public ResponseEntity<Data> getData() {
        return ResponseEntity.ok(data);  // No security headers!
    }
}
```


**Why it's vulnerable:** This pattern is vulnerable to Missing Security Headers (Clickjacking)




---

## Deterministic Fix


### ✅ Secure Implementation: Secure Implementation

```java
// SECURE: Add security headers via filter
@Component
public class SecurityHeadersFilter implements Filter {
    @Override
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse res, FilterChain chain)
            throws IOException, ServletException {
        HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse) res;

        // Prevent clickjacking
        response.setHeader("X-Frame-Options", "DENY");

        // Content Security Policy
        response.setHeader("Content-Security-Policy",
            "default-src 'self'; frame-ancestors 'none'");

        // Prevent MIME sniffing
        response.setHeader("X-Content-Type-Options", "nosniff");

        // XSS Protection (legacy browsers)
        response.setHeader("X-XSS-Protection", "1; mode=block");

        // HSTS (HTTPS only)
        response.setHeader("Strict-Transport-Security",
            "max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains");

        chain.doFilter(req, res);
    }
}

// Or via Spring Security configuration
@Configuration
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        http.headers()
            .frameOptions().deny()
            .contentSecurityPolicy("default-src 'self'")
            .and()
            .xssProtection().block(true);
    }
}
```


**Why it's secure:** Implements proper protection against Missing Security Headers (Clickjacking)




---

## Detection Pattern

Look for these patterns in your codebase:


```bash
# Check for security header configuration
grep -rn "X-Frame-Options\\|frameOptions\\|Content-Security-Policy" --include="*.java"
```



---

## Remediation Steps


1. Add X-Frame-Options: DENY to all responses

2. Implement Content-Security-Policy with frame-ancestors 'none'

3. Add X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff

4. Use Spring Security's headers() configuration


---

## Key Imports

```java

import javax.servlet.Filter;

import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;

```

---

## Verification

After remediation:


- Run SAST scanner to confirm vulnerability is resolved

- Review all instances of the vulnerable pattern

- Add unit tests that verify the secure implementation

- Check for similar patterns in related code


---

## Trigger Examples

```
Fix CWE-693 vulnerability
Resolve Missing Security Headers (Clickjacking) issue
Secure this Java code against missing security headers (clickjacking)
SAST reports CWE-693
```

---

## Common Vulnerable Locations

| Layer | Files | Patterns |
|-------|-------|----------|

| Controller | `*Controller.java` | User input handling |

| Service | `*Service.java` | Business logic |

| Repository | `*Repository.java` | Data access |


---

## References


- [CWE-693: Protection Mechanism Failure](https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/693.html)

- [OWASP Clickjacking Defense](https://cheatsheetseries.owasp.org/cheatsheets/Clickjacking_Defense_Cheat_Sheet.html)


---

**Source**: Generated by [Java CWE Security Skills Generator](https://github.com/DevelopersCoffee/java-cwe-security-skills)
**Last Updated**: 2026-03-07