# Prompt Refinement

> Transform prompts into structured TCRO format with phase-specific clarification. Automatically invoked by /ai-eng/research, /ai-eng/plan, /ai-eng/work, and /ai-eng/specify commands. Use when refining vague prompts, structuring requirements, or enhancing user input quality before execution.

- Skill: `majiayu000/prompt-refinement` (Agent Skill, multi-file: 2 files)
- Install (CLI): `npx skillmds@latest add majiayu000/prompt-refinement`
- Raw SKILL.md: https://api.skillmd.com/api/skills/majiayu000/prompt-refinement/raw
- Safety review: pending (external: skill-scanner PASS, skillspector PASS)
- Works with: Claude Code, Claude.ai, OpenAI Codex
- Category: AI & ML
- Author: majiayu000 (https://skillmd.com/u/majiayu000)
- Updated: 2026-09-09
- Page: https://skillmd.com/skills/majiayu000/prompt-refinement

---


# Prompt Refinement Skill

Transform messy, incomplete prompts into well-structured specifications using the TCRO framework (Task, Context, Requirements, Output) with phase-specific clarifying questions.

## Purpose

This skill ensures all user prompts to ai-eng-system commands are properly structured before execution, reducing ambiguity, increasing reproducibility, and improving AI response quality.

## When This Skill is Invoked

This skill is **ALWAYS** invoked at the start of:
- `/ai-eng/research`
- `/ai-eng/specify`
- `/ai-eng/plan`
- `/ai-eng/work`

Commands should include this directive:
```markdown
Use skill: prompt-refinement
Phase: [research|specify|plan|work]
```

## The TCRO Framework

| Element | Purpose | Key Question |
|---------|---------|--------------|
| **Task** | What's the job to be done? | "What specific outcome do you need?" |
| **Context** | Why does this matter? | "What's the broader system/goal?" |
| **Requirements** | What are the constraints? | "What are the must-haves vs nice-to-haves?" |
| **Output** | What format is needed? | "What should the deliverable look like?" |

## Process

### Step 1: Read Project Context

Load `CLAUDE.md` from the project root to understand:
- Project philosophy and core principles
- Tech stack preferences
- Quality standards and conventions
- Naming conventions
- Architectural patterns

### Step 2: Detect Phase

Determine which phase based on:
- The command being invoked
- Keywords in the prompt (research, learn, investigate → research)
- Explicit phase markers in user input

### Step 3: Load Phase Template

Based on detected phase, load the appropriate template:
- `templates/research.md` for `/ai-eng/research`
- `templates/specify.md` for `/ai-eng/specify`
- `templates/plan.md` for `/ai-eng/plan`
- `templates/work.md` for `/ai-eng/work`

### Step 4: Ask Clarifying Questions

Use phase-specific questions from the loaded template.

**Minimum required questions:**
- 1 Task question
- 1 Context question
- 1-2 Requirements questions
- 1 Output question

**Present questions interactively:**
1. Display original user prompt
2. Ask clarifying questions one at a time or in small groups
3. Collect user responses
4. Use responses to structure refined prompt

### Step 5: Structure into TCRO

Format the refined prompt using the TCRO structure:

```text
Task: [Specific, actionable task statement]
Context: [Broader system, goals, constraints from CLAUDE.md]
Requirements:
  - [Must-have requirement 1]
  - [Must-have requirement 2]
  - [Nice-to-have if mentioned]
Output: [Expected deliverable format and location]
```

### Step 6: Apply Incentive Prompting

Enhance the TCRO-structured prompt with techniques from the `incentive-prompting` skill:

- **Expert Persona**: Assign appropriate role based on task
- **Stakes Language**: Add "This is critical..." for high-importance tasks
- **Step-by-Step Reasoning**: Add "Take a deep breath and solve step by step"
- **Self-Evaluation**: Add "Rate your confidence 0-1" request

### Step 7: Confirm with User

Display the refined prompt and ask for confirmation:

```markdown
## Refined Prompt

[The TCRO-structured, incentive-enhanced prompt]

Proceed with this refined prompt? (y/n/edit)
```

- **y**: Proceed with refined prompt
- **n**: Ask more clarifying questions
- **edit**: Allow user to manually refine the prompt

## Integration with Commands

Commands should reference this skill with:

```markdown
---
name: ai-eng/[command-name]
description: [Description]
agent: [agent]
---

Use skill: prompt-refinement
Phase: [research|specify|plan|work]

# [Command Name]

[Rest of command definition...]
```

## Template Structure

Phase-specific templates are located in `templates/`:

```
skills/prompt-refinement/
├── SKILL.md
└── templates/
    ├── research.md
    ├── specify.md
    ├── plan.md
    └── work.md
```

Each template includes:
- Phase-specific clarifying questions
- TCRO structure for that phase
- Examples of vague → refined transformations
- Phase-specific requirements and considerations

## Example Transformation

### Input (Vague)
> "need auth"

### Phase Detection
Detected phase: `specify` (feature request)

### Clarifying Questions
1. **Task**: What type of authentication capability do you need?
   - [ ] User login/logout
   - [ ] OAuth/SSO integration
   - [ ] API key management
   - [ ] Multi-factor authentication (MFA)
   - Other: _________

2. **Context**: What's the broader system this fits into?
   - New greenfield project or adding to existing codebase?
   - What's the tech stack?
   - Are there existing authentication patterns to follow?

3. **Requirements**: What are the must-have requirements?
   - Security/compliance needs (SOC2, GDPR, etc.)?
   - User experience expectations?
   - Rate limiting requirements?

4. **Output**: What should the specification include?
   - [ ] User stories only
   - [ ] Full spec with acceptance criteria
   - [ ] Include non-functional requirements
   - [ ] Include UI/UX considerations

### Refined TCRO

```text
Task: Create specification for JWT-based user authentication system
Context:
  Adding to existing Next.js application with PostgreSQL database.
  Project follows CLAUDE.md philosophy of simplicity and pragmatism.
  Existing authentication middleware pattern in src/lib/auth/ can be extended.
Requirements:
  Must-have:
  - Email/password login with secure password hashing (bcrypt, cost factor 12)
  - JWT token-based session management with configurable expiry
  - Password reset flow via email delivery
  - Rate limiting on authentication endpoints (5 attempts/minute)
  Nice-to-have:
  - Email verification for new accounts
  - Session persistence across device reboots
  Non-functional:
  - Security: Tokens must be cryptographically secure, single-use for reset flows
  - Performance: Authentication requests should complete within 200ms (p95)
  - Compliance: GDPR-compliant data handling, no passwords in logs
Output:
  Full specification with user stories, acceptance criteria, and non-functional
  requirements saved to specs/auth/spec.md in Spec Kit compatible format.
```

### Incentive-Enhanced Prompt

```text
You are a senior security engineer and product owner with 15+ years of experience
building production authentication systems at companies like Stripe and Auth0.

Task: Create a comprehensive specification for JWT-based user authentication system
Context:
  Adding to existing Next.js application with PostgreSQL database.
  Project follows CLAUDE.md philosophy of simplicity and pragmatism.
  Existing authentication middleware pattern in src/lib/auth/ can be extended.

Requirements:
  Must-have:
  - Email/password login with secure password hashing (bcrypt, cost factor 12)
  - JWT token-based session management with configurable expiry
  - Password reset flow via email delivery
  - Rate limiting on authentication endpoints (5 attempts/minute)
  Nice-to-have:
  - Email verification for new accounts
  - Session persistence across device reboots
  Non-functional:
  - Security: Tokens must be cryptographically secure, single-use for reset flows
  - Performance: Authentication requests should complete within 200ms (p95)
  - Compliance: GDPR-compliant data handling, no passwords in logs

Output:
  Full specification with user stories, acceptance criteria, and non-functional
  requirements saved to specs/auth/spec.md in Spec Kit compatible format.

Take a deep breath and think through this specification systematically. Consider all
security implications, edge cases, and user experience flows before finalizing.

Rate your confidence in this specification from 0-1 after completion.
```

## Handling Edge Cases

### Prompt Already Structured
If user input is already well-structured:
1. Analyze prompt for TCRO elements
2. Identify any missing elements
3. Ask targeted questions to fill gaps (not full re-clarification)
4. Confirm if structure is sufficient or needs refinement

### User Refuses Clarification
If user declines clarifying questions:
1. Proceed with best-effort TCRO structure
2. Use `[NEEDS CLARIFICATION: ...]` markers for ambiguous items
3. Note which elements were assumed vs explicitly specified

### Incomplete Context
If CLAUDE.md doesn't exist or is incomplete:
1. Proceed without project-specific context
2. Ask basic context questions (tech stack, goals)
3. Note in refined prompt: "No project constitution found, using generic defaults"

## Quality Checklist

Before finalizing refined prompt, verify:
- [ ] Task is specific and actionable
- [ ] Context includes relevant project information
- [ ] Requirements distinguish must-have vs nice-to-have
- [ ] Output format is clearly specified
- [ ] Appropriate expert persona assigned
- [ ] Stakes language added for important tasks
- [ ] Clarification markers used for ambiguities

## Integration with incentive-prompting Skill

This skill builds on the `incentive-prompting` skill. Always load both skills together when refining prompts:

```markdown
Use skill: incentive-prompting
Use skill: prompt-refinement
```

The `incentive-prompting` skill provides the enhancement techniques
(Expert Persona, Stakes Language, Step-by-Step, Self-Evaluation).

This skill provides the structuring framework (TCRO) and phase-specific
clarification questions.

Together they produce prompts that are both well-structured and
enhanced for maximum AI response quality.