Github Repo Management

GitHub Repository Management

Create, clone, fork, configure, and manage GitHub repositories. Each section shows gh first, then the git + curl fallback.

Prerequisites

• Authenticated with GitHub (see github-auth skill)

Setup

if command -v gh &>/dev/null && gh auth status &>/dev/null; then
  AUTH="gh"
else
  AUTH="git"
  if [ -z "$GITHUB_TOKEN" ]; then
    if _hermes_env="${HERMES_HOME:-$HOME/.hermes}/.env"; [ -f "$_hermes_env" ] && grep -q "^GITHUB_TOKEN=" "$_hermes_env"; then
      GITHUB_TOKEN=$(grep "^GITHUB_TOKEN=" "$_hermes_env" | head -1 | cut -d= -f2 | tr -d '\n\r')
    elif grep -q "github.com" ~/.git-credentials 2>/dev/null; then
      GITHUB_TOKEN=$(grep "github.com" ~/.git-credentials 2>/dev/null | head -1 | sed 's|https://[^:]*:\([^@]*\)@.*|\1|')
    fi
  fi
fi

# Get your GitHub username (needed for several operations)
if [ "$AUTH" = "gh" ]; then
  GH_USER=$(gh api user --jq '.login')
else
  GH_USER=$(curl -s -H "Authorization: token $GITHUB_TOKEN" https://api.github.com/user | python3 -c "import sys,json; print(json.load(sys.stdin)['login'])")
fi

If you're inside a repo already:

REMOTE_URL=$(git remote get-url origin)
OWNER_REPO=$(echo "$REMOTE_URL" | sed -E 's|.*github\.com[:/]||; s|\.git$||')
OWNER=$(echo "$OWNER_REPO" | cut -d/ -f1)
REPO=$(echo "$OWNER_REPO" | cut -d/ -f2)

1. Cloning Repositories

Cloning is pure git — works identically either way:

# Clone via HTTPS (works with credential helper or token-embedded URL)
git clone https://github.com/owner/repo-name.git

# Clone into a specific directory
git clone https://github.com/owner/repo-name.git ./my-local-dir

# Shallow clone (faster for large repos)
git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/owner/repo-name.git

# Clone a specific branch
git clone --branch develop https://github.com/owner/repo-name.git

# Clone via SSH (if SSH is configured)
git clone git@github.com:owner/repo-name.git

With gh (shorthand):

gh repo clone owner/repo-name
gh repo clone owner/repo-name -- --depth 1

2. Creating Repositories

With gh:

# Create a public repo and clone it
gh repo create my-new-project --public --clone

# Private, with description and license
gh repo create my-new-project --private --description "A useful tool" --license MIT --clone

# Under an organization
gh repo create my-org/my-new-project --public --clone

# From existing local directory
cd /path/to/existing/project
gh repo create my-project --source . --public --push

With git + curl:

# Create the remote repo via API
curl -s -X POST \
  -H "Authorization: token $GITHUB_TOKEN" \
  https://api.github.com/user/repos \
  -d '{
    "name": "my-new-project",
    "description": "A useful tool",
    "private": false,
    "auto_init": true,
    "license_template": "mit"
  }'

# Clone it
git clone https://github.com/$GH_USER/my-new-project.git
cd my-new-project

# -- OR -- push an existing local directory to the new repo
cd /path/to/existing/project
git init
git add .
git commit -m "Initial commit"
git remote add origin https://github.com/$GH_USER/my-new-project.git
git push -u origin main

To create under an organization:

curl -s -X POST \
  -H "Authorization: token $GITHUB_TOKEN" \
  https://api.github.com/orgs/my-org/repos \
  -d '{"name": "my-new-project", "private": false}'

From a Template

With gh:

gh repo create my-new-app --template owner/template-repo --public --clone

With curl:

curl -s -X POST \
  -H "Authorization: token $GITHUB_TOKEN" \
  https://api.github.com/repos/owner/template-repo/generate \
  -d '{"owner": "'"$GH_USER"'", "name": "my-new-app", "private": false}'

3. Forking Repositories

With gh:

gh repo fork owner/repo-name --clone

With git + curl:

# Create the fork via API
curl -s -X POST \
  -H "Authorization: token $GITHUB_TOKEN" \
  https://api.github.com/repos/owner/repo-name/forks

# Wait a moment for GitHub to create it, then clone
sleep 3
git clone https://github.com/$GH_USER/repo-name.git
cd repo-name

# Add the original repo as "upstream" remote
git remote add upstream https://github.com/owner/repo-name.git

Keeping a Fork in Sync

# Pure git — works everywhere
git fetch upstream
git checkout main
git merge upstream/main
git push origin main

With gh (shortcut):

gh repo sync $GH_USER/repo-name

4. Repository Information

With gh:

gh repo view owner/repo-name
gh repo list --limit 20
gh search repos "machine learning" --language python --sort stars

With curl:

# View repo details
curl -s \
  -H "Authorization: token $GITHUB_TOKEN" \
  https://api.github.com/repos/$OWNER/$REPO \
  | python3 -c "
import sys, json
r = json.load(sys.stdin)
print(f\"Name: {r['full_name']}\")
print(f\"Description: {r['description']}\")
print(f\"Stars: {r['stargazers_count']}  Forks: {r['forks_count']}\")
print(f\"Default branch: {r['default_branch']}\")
print(f\"Language: {r['language']}\")"

# List your repos
curl -s \
  -H "Authorization: token $GITHUB_TOKEN" \
  "https://api.github.com/user/repos?per_page=20&sort=updated" \
  | python3 -c "
import sys, json
for r in json.load(sys.stdin):
    vis = 'private' if r['private'] else 'public'
    print(f\"  {r['full_name']:40}  {vis:8}  {r.get('language', ''):10}  ★{r['stargazers_count']}\")"

# Search repos
curl -s \
  "https://api.github.com/search/repositories?q=machine+learning+language:python&sort=stars&per_page=10" \
  | python3 -c "
import sys, json
for r in json.load(sys.stdin)['items']:
    print(f\"  {r['full_name']:40}  ★{r['stargazers_count']:6}  {r['description'][:60] if r['description'] else ''}\")"

5. Repository Settings

With gh:

gh repo edit --description "Updated description" --visibility public
gh repo edit --enable-wiki=false --enable-issues=true
gh repo edit --default-branch main
gh repo edit --add-topic "machine-learning,python"
gh repo edit --enable-auto-merge

With curl:

curl -s -X PATCH \
  -H "Authorization: token $GITHUB_TOKEN" \
  https://api.github.com/repos/$OWNER/$REPO \
  -d '{
    "description": "Updated description",
    "has_wiki": false,
    "has_issues": true,
    "allow_auto_merge": true
  }'

# Update topics
curl -s -X PUT \
  -H "Authorization: token $GITHUB_TOKEN" \
  -H "Accept: application/vnd.github.mercy-preview+json" \
  https://api.github.com/repos/$OWNER/$REPO/topics \
  -d '{"names": ["machine-learning", "python", "automation"]}'

6. Branch Protection

# View current protection
curl -s \
  -H "Authorization: token $GITHUB_TOKEN" \
  https://api.github.com/repos/$OWNER/$REPO/branches/main/protection

# Set up branch protection
curl -s -X PUT \
  -H "Authorization: token $GITHUB_TOKEN" \
  https://api.github.com/repos/$OWNER/$REPO/branches/main/protection \
  -d '{
    "required_status_checks": {
      "strict": true,
      "contexts": ["ci/test", "ci/lint"]
    },
    "enforce_admins": false,
    "required_pull_request_reviews": {
      "required_approving_review_count": 1
    },
    "restrictions": null
  }'

7. Secrets Management (GitHub Actions)

With gh:

gh secret set API_KEY --body "your-secret-value"
gh secret set SSH_KEY < ~/.ssh/id_rsa
gh secret list
gh secret delete API_KEY

With curl:

Secrets require encryption with the repo's public key — more involved via API:

# Get the repo's public key for encrypting secrets
curl -s \
  -H "Authorization: token $GITHUB_TOKEN" \
  https://api.github.com/repos/$OWNER/$REPO/actions/secrets/public-key

# Encrypt and set (requires Python with PyNaCl)
python3 -c "
from base64 import b64encode
from nacl import encoding, public
import json, sys

# Get the public key
key_id = '<key_id_from_above>'
public_key = '<base64_key_from_above>'

# Encrypt
sealed = public.SealedBox(
    public.PublicKey(public_key.encode('utf-8'), encoding.Base64Encoder)
).encrypt('your-secret-value'.encode('utf-8'))
print(json.dumps({
    'encrypted_value': b64encode(sealed).decode('utf-8'),
    'key_id': key_id
}))"

# Then PUT the encrypted secret
curl -s -X PUT \
  -H "Authorization: token $GITHUB_TOKEN" \
  https://api.github.com/repos/$OWNER/$REPO/actions/secrets/API_KEY \
  -d '<output from python script above>'

# List secrets (names only, values hidden)
curl -s \
  -H "Authorization: token $GITHUB_TOKEN" \
  https://api.github.com/repos/$OWNER/$REPO/actions/secrets \
  | python3 -c "
import sys, json
for s in json.load(sys.stdin)['secrets']:
    print(f\"  {s['name']:30}  updated: {s['updated_at']}\")"

Note: For secrets, gh secret set is dramatically simpler. If setting secrets is needed and gh isn't available, recommend installing it for just that operation.

8. Releases

With gh:

gh release create v1.0.0 --title "v1.0.0" --generate-notes
gh release create v2.0.0-rc1 --draft --prerelease --generate-notes
gh release create v1.0.0 ./dist/binary --title "v1.0.0" --notes "Release notes"
gh release list
gh release download v1.0.0 --dir ./downloads

With curl:

# Create a release
curl -s -X POST \
  -H "Authorization: token $GITHUB_TOKEN" \
  https://api.github.com/repos/$OWNER/$REPO/releases \
  -d '{
    "tag_name": "v1.0.0",
    "name": "v1.0.0",
    "body": "## Changelog\n- Feature A\n- Bug fix B",
    "draft": false,
    "prerelease": false,
    "generate_release_notes": true
  }'

# List releases
curl -s \
  -H "Authorization: token $GITHUB_TOKEN" \
  https://api.github.com/repos/$OWNER/$REPO/releases \
  | python3 -c "
import sys, json
for r in json.load(sys.stdin):
    tag = r.get('tag_name', 'no tag')
    print(f\"  {tag:15}  {r['name']:30}  {'draft' if r['draft'] else 'published'}\")"

# Upload a release asset (binary file)
RELEASE_ID=<id_from_create_response>
curl -s -X POST \
  -H "Authorization: token $GITHUB_TOKEN" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/octet-stream" \
  "https://uploads.github.com/repos/$OWNER/$REPO/releases/$RELEASE_ID/assets?name=binary-amd64" \
  --data-binary @./dist/binary-amd64

9. GitHub Actions Workflows

With gh:

gh workflow list
gh run list --limit 10
gh run view <RUN_ID>
gh run view <RUN_ID> --log-failed
gh run rerun <RUN_ID>
gh run rerun <RUN_ID> --failed
gh workflow run ci.yml --ref main
gh workflow run deploy.yml -f environment=staging

With curl:

# List workflows
curl -s \
  -H "Authorization: token $GITHUB_TOKEN" \
  https://api.github.com/repos/$OWNER/$REPO/actions/workflows \
  | python3 -c "
import sys, json
for w in json.load(sys.stdin)['workflows']:
    print(f\"  {w['id']:10}  {w['name']:30}  {w['state']}\")"

# List recent runs
curl -s \
  -H "Authorization: token $GITHUB_TOKEN" \
  "https://api.github.com/repos/$OWNER/$REPO/actions/runs?per_page=10" \
  | python3 -c "
import sys, json
for r in json.load(sys.stdin)['workflow_runs']:
    print(f\"  Run {r['id']}  {r['name']:30}  {r['conclusion'] or r['status']}\")"

# Download failed run logs
RUN_ID=<run_id>
curl -s -L \
  -H "Authorization: token $GITHUB_TOKEN" \
  https://api.github.com/repos/$OWNER/$REPO/actions/runs/$RUN_ID/logs \
  -o /tmp/ci-logs.zip
cd /tmp && unzip -o ci-logs.zip -d ci-logs

# Re-run a failed workflow
curl -s -X POST \
  -H "Authorization: token $GITHUB_TOKEN" \
  https://api.github.com/repos/$OWNER/$REPO/actions/runs/$RUN_ID/rerun

# Re-run only failed jobs
curl -s -X POST \
  -H "Authorization: token $GITHUB_TOKEN" \
  https://api.github.com/repos/$OWNER/$REPO/actions/runs/$RUN_ID/rerun-failed-jobs

# Trigger a workflow manually (workflow_dispatch)
WORKFLOW_ID=<workflow_id_or_filename>
curl -s -X POST \
  -H "Authorization: token $GITHUB_TOKEN" \
  https://api.github.com/repos/$OWNER/$REPO/actions/workflows/$WORKFLOW_ID/dispatches \
  -d '{"ref": "main", "inputs": {"environment": "staging"}}'

10. Gists

With gh:

gh gist create script.py --public --desc "Useful script"
gh gist list

With curl:

# Create a gist
curl -s -X POST \
  -H "Authorization: token $GITHUB_TOKEN" \
  https://api.github.com/gists \
  -d '{
    "description": "Useful script",
    "public": true,
    "files": {
      "script.py": {"content": "print(\"hello\")"}
    }
  }'

# List your gists
curl -s \
  -H "Authorization: token $GITHUB_TOKEN" \
  https://api.github.com/gists \
  | python3 -c "
import sys, json
for g in json.load(sys.stdin):
    files = ', '.join(g['files'].keys())
    print(f\"  {g['id']}  {g['description'] or '(no desc)':40}  {files}\")"

Quick Reference Table

Known Gotchas

Authentication Issues

• gh auth status fails silently: Check if GITHUB_TOKEN environment variable is set

  echo $GITHUB_TOKEN  # Should show token, not empty
  

• 403 Forbidden on push: Token may lack repo scope

  gh auth refresh -h github.com -s repo,workflow
  

• SSH vs HTTPS conflicts: Use consistent protocol

  # Check remote URL
  git remote -v
  
  # Switch to HTTPS
  git remote set-url origin https://github.com/user/repo.git
  

Repository Operations

• Fork fails if repo already exists: Delete fork first or use --fork-name

  gh repo fork owner/repo --fork-name my-repo-name
  

• Clone fails with "Repository not found": Check visibility (private repos need auth)

  # For private repos
  gh repo clone owner/repo  # Uses auth automatically
  

• Branch protection prevents force push: Must use --force-with-lease or admin privileges

  git push --force-with-lease origin branch-name
  

Rate Limiting

• API rate limit exceeded (5000/hour for auth): Check remaining quota

  gh api rate_limit --jq '.resources.core'
  

• Secondary rate limits: Avoid rapid concurrent requests

  # Add delays between API calls
  sleep 1
  gh api endpoint
  

Common Mistakes

• Accidentally pushing to wrong remote: Always verify before push

  git remote -v && git branch -vv  # Check remote and tracking
  

• Forgetting to set upstream: Use -u flag on first push

  git push -u origin feature-branch
  

• Losing commits after force pull: Use git reflog to recover

  git reflog  # Find lost commit
  git reset --hard HEAD@{n}  # Restore
  

Platform Differences

• Windows line endings (CRLF) issues: Configure git appropriately

  git config --global core.autocrlf input  # Unix/Mac
  git config --global core.autocrlf true   # Windows
  

• Large files (>100MB) rejected: Use Git LFS

  git lfs install
  git lfs track "*.psd"