ExifTool
High-coverage metadata inspection and editing across a huge range of file types.
When to use ExifTool
Use ExifTool when you need to:
- dump metadata from images, videos, PDFs, archives, or binaries
- extract GPS, EXIF, XMP, IPTC, ICC, and embedded-preview information
- compare, copy, or transform metadata between files
- batch process directories recursively
- geotag images from GPS logs or normalize timestamp fields
Quick Start
# Read everything ExifTool considers available
exiftool file.jpg
# Short tag names with group names
exiftool -s -G1 file.jpg
# JSON output for automation
exiftool -j file.jpg
High-Value Read Workflows
Full metadata dump
exiftool -a -u -g1 file.jpg
Use this when you want duplicate and unknown tags grouped clearly.
Focused tags
exiftool -s -ImageSize -ExposureTime -CreateDate file.jpg
Structured output for tooling
exiftool -j file.jpg
exiftool -csv dir/
Recursive directory processing
exiftool -r -ext jpg pictures/
Embedded Data and Binary Extraction
# Extract thumbnail
exiftool -b -ThumbnailImage image.jpg > thumbnail.jpg
# Extract embedded metadata from nested content
exiftool -ee file.pdf
-ee is especially useful for embedded documents, previews, or timed metadata in container formats.
Copy and Transform Metadata
Copy tags from one file to another
exiftool -tagsFromFile src.jpg dst.jpg
exiftool -TagsFromFile src.jpg -all:all dst.jpg
Copy selected metadata while rewriting groups intentionally
exiftool -all= -tagsFromFile src.jpg -exif:all dst.jpg
Editing and Deletion
# Write or replace one tag
exiftool -comment='new comment' file.jpg
# Delete all metadata
exiftool -all= file.jpg
# Recursive delete of one group
exiftool -r -XMP-crss:all= DIR
Geotagging
exiftool -geotag track.log image.jpg
exiftool -geotag track.log -geosync=-20 DIR
Use this for forensic or OSINT workflows that align image timestamps with GPS logs.
Practical Notes
- By default, when ExifTool writes metadata it preserves originals as
*_originalbackups. - Use
-overwrite_originalonly when you intentionally do not want those backups. -ndisables print conversion and is useful when you need raw numeric values.-bis the right choice when extracting binary values like thumbnails or full XMP blobs.-Gand-gmatter because the same logical tag may exist in multiple metadata groups.
Caveats
- Editing metadata is not the same as sanitizing a file for privacy; review generated
_originalfiles too. - Upstream notes that PDF edits are reversible because original information is not actually removed from the file.
-all=on RAW formats can destroy metadata needed by vendor workflows; use carefully.
Resources
No bundled scripts/, references/, or assets/.
Use the official ExifTool documentation for the full tag database, batch formatting tricks, and advanced copy/write syntax.