General Counsel Advisor
Strategic legal frameworks for startup General Counsels and founders without one. Contract risk, IP strategy, term sheet decoding, regulatory landscape.
This is not legal advice. It surfaces the right questions to bring to qualified outside counsel and catches the obvious traps before they reach a signature. Treat every output as a starting point for a conversation with a licensed attorney, not as a substitute for one.
Keywords
general counsel, GC, legal review, contract review, MSA, SaaS agreement, NDA, DPA, employment agreement, contractor agreement, IP assignment, invention assignment, open source license, OSS compliance, term sheet, liquidation preference, anti-dilution, option pool, vesting, acceleration, drag-along, pro-rata, board composition, regulatory, HIPAA, GDPR, CCPA, FDA, MDR, fintech, BSA/AML, money transmitter, AI Act, indemnity, liability cap, force majeure, auto-renewal, choice of law, venue, non-compete, non-solicit
Quick Start
# Scan a contract for risky clauses (uses bundled sample if no path given)
python scripts/contract_risk_scanner.py
python scripts/contract_risk_scanner.py path/to/contract.txt
# Analyze a term sheet for founder-friendliness
python scripts/term_sheet_analyzer.py
python scripts/term_sheet_analyzer.py path/to/term_sheet.json
Key Questions (ask these first)
- Who owns the IP being created or shared? (Founders forget that contractors don't auto-assign IP without a written clause.)
- What's the liability cap, and what's carved out? (Standard: 12 months of fees, with carve-outs for IP infringement, data breach, willful misconduct.)
- Is there a DPA in place if any personal data flows? (GDPR, CCPA, state laws — non-negotiable if EU/CA data is touched.)
- What's the termination right, notice period, and auto-renewal trap? (5-year auto-renew with 60-day notice is a common founder mistake.)
- Does this contract or product launch trigger a new regulatory regime? (Healthcare → HIPAA. Fintech → BSA/AML. Medical device → FDA/MDR.)
- For term sheets: liquidation preference, pre-money option pool, anti-dilution flavor? (Three places where 5% of founder economics can quietly disappear.)
Core Responsibilities
1. Contract Review
Standard contracts a startup signs in its first 5 years:
- Vendor MSA — Master Service Agreement (cloud, tooling, services)
- Customer SaaS Agreement — your standard customer paper + customer redlines
- NDA — mutual + one-way, with carve-outs for residuals + independent development
- DPA — Data Processing Agreement (required when personal data flows)
- Employment Agreement — offer letter, IP assignment, non-compete (where enforceable), arbitration
- Contractor / 1099 Agreement — IP assignment is critical; misclassification risk
- Equity Agreements — option grants, RSU agreements, advisor grants (FAST template, YC SAFE for advisors)
Run contract_risk_scanner.py on the text. It flags the 12 most common founder-killer clauses.
2. IP Strategy
- Invention assignment — every employee and contractor signs one. No exceptions.
- Open source license compliance — track every OSS dependency's license; AGPL and GPL trigger copyleft obligations.
- Trade secrets — define what's protected and how (clean room dev, access controls, NDAs).
- Patents — file provisional within 12 months of disclosure; PCT for international.
- Trademarks — register the word mark first, design mark second; clear before launch.
- Copyright — automatic on creation, but register for statutory damages eligibility.
See references/ip_and_regulatory.md.
3. Term Sheet Decoding
When a term sheet arrives, the difference between a founder-friendly and founder-hostile sheet often hides in three clauses:
- Liquidation preference — 1x non-participating is standard; 1x participating or 2x is hostile
- Pre-money vs post-money option pool — pre-money pool dilutes founders; post-money dilutes everyone proportionally
- Anti-dilution — broad-based weighted average is standard; full ratchet is hostile
Run term_sheet_analyzer.py to get a 0-100 founder-friendliness score with flags.
4. Regulatory Landscape
When to engage outside counsel before committing:
| Trigger |
Regime |
First Step |
| Healthcare data |
HIPAA, HITECH, state breach laws |
Specialist health-tech counsel |
| Cardholder data |
PCI DSS (industry standard, not law, but contractually required) |
QSA + counsel |
| Money movement |
BSA/AML, state money-transmitter (50-state patchwork) |
Fintech specialist |
| Medical device claims |
FDA 510(k) / De Novo / PMA, MDR (EU), ISO 13485 |
Medical-device specialist |
| EU residents' personal data |
GDPR + EU AI Act if AI is deployed |
EU privacy counsel |
| California residents |
CCPA / CPRA |
Privacy generalist |
| Securities (tokens, equity crowdfunding) |
SEC rules (Reg D, Reg A+, Reg CF) |
Securities counsel |
| Defense / aerospace customers |
ITAR, EAR, DFARS, CMMC |
Export-control counsel |
| AI in EU |
EU AI Act (risk-tiered) |
EU privacy + product counsel |
| AI for hiring (NYC, CO, IL) |
Local bias-audit laws |
Employment counsel |
See references/ip_and_regulatory.md for sequencing.
Workflows
Workflow 1: Contract Review
- Save the contract as plain text
- Run
contract_risk_scanner.py path/to/contract.txt
- For each HIGH risk finding, draft a counter-proposal
- Bring the redline + counter-proposals to outside counsel
- Log the decision via
/cs:decide
Workflow 2: Term Sheet Response
- Save the term sheet as a JSON file matching the schema in
term_sheet_analyzer.py --help
- Run
python scripts/term_sheet_analyzer.py path/to/term_sheet.json
- Review the founder-friendliness score and per-clause flags
- Negotiate the worst 3 clauses (don't try to win all 20)
- Always have a securities/venture attorney review before signing
- Log via
/cs:decide with /cs:freeze 30 to prevent regret-driven re-opening
Workflow 3: IP Hygiene Audit
- Confirm every employee and contractor (past 12 months) signed invention assignment
- Run an OSS license inventory (
pip-licenses, license-checker for npm)
- Map AGPL/GPL dependencies and confirm compliance (or remove)
- File provisional patents on novel inventions (12-month deadline from disclosure)
- Register word-mark trademarks for the product name
Workflow 4: Regulatory Trigger Assessment
- List planned product features for the next 12 months
- Map each feature to the trigger table in this document
- For any HIPAA / FDA / fintech trigger, engage a specialist counsel before building
- Document the regulatory roadmap and budget alongside the product roadmap
- Pair with
cs-ciso-advisor for ISO 27001 / SOC 2 sequencing
Output Standard (when invoked via /cs:gc-review)
**Bottom Line:** [sign / negotiate / do not sign]
**The Risks:** [3 highest-severity issues]
**Counter-Proposals:** [specific language]
**Outside Counsel Action Items:** [what to bring to the attorney]
**Your Decision:** [the call only the founder can make]
Adjacent Skills
../ciso-advisor/ — Compliance overlap (SOC 2, ISO 27001, HIPAA technical safeguards)
../cfo-advisor/ — Term sheet → dilution math
../ma-playbook/ — Acquisition agreements, integration playbooks
../../../ra-qm-team/ — ISO 13485, MDR, FDA 510(k), GDPR execution
../../c-level-agents/skills/gc-review/SKILL.md — /cs:gc-review slash command
References
- contracts_playbook.md — Standard contracts, clause checklist, common founder traps
- ip_and_regulatory.md — IP protection + regulatory landscape mapping
- term_sheet_decoder.md — Term sheet glossary + founder-friendly defaults + pushback strategies
Version: 1.0.0
Status: Production Ready
Disclaimer: Not legal advice. Always engage qualified counsel for binding decisions.
1---2name: general-counsel-advisor3description: General Counsel advisory for startups: contract review (MSA, SaaS, NDA, DPA, employment), IP strategy, term sheet decoding, and regulatory landscape mapping. Use when reviewing any contract or term sheet, deciding when to engage outside counsel, defining IP strategy, evaluating regulatory exposure (HIPAA, GDPR, FDA, fintech), or when user mentions general counsel, GC, legal review, contract risk, term sheet, IP assignment, or regulatory exposure. NOT a substitute for licensed counsel — surfaces questions to bring to qualified attorneys.4license: MIT5---6
7# General Counsel Advisor
8
9Strategic legal frameworks for startup General Counsels and founders without one. Contract risk, IP strategy, term sheet decoding, regulatory landscape.
10
11This is **not legal advice**. It surfaces the right questions to bring to qualified outside counsel and catches the obvious traps before they reach a signature. Treat every output as a starting point for a conversation with a licensed attorney, not as a substitute for one.
12
13## Keywords
14
15general counsel, GC, legal review, contract review, MSA, SaaS agreement, NDA, DPA, employment agreement, contractor agreement, IP assignment, invention assignment, open source license, OSS compliance, term sheet, liquidation preference, anti-dilution, option pool, vesting, acceleration, drag-along, pro-rata, board composition, regulatory, HIPAA, GDPR, CCPA, FDA, MDR, fintech, BSA/AML, money transmitter, AI Act, indemnity, liability cap, force majeure, auto-renewal, choice of law, venue, non-compete, non-solicit
16
17## Quick Start
18
19```bash
20# Scan a contract for risky clauses (uses bundled sample if no path given)
21python scripts/contract_risk_scanner.py
22python scripts/contract_risk_scanner.py path/to/contract.txt
23
24# Analyze a term sheet for founder-friendliness
25python scripts/term_sheet_analyzer.py
26python scripts/term_sheet_analyzer.py path/to/term_sheet.json
27```
28
29## Key Questions (ask these first)
30
31- **Who owns the IP being created or shared?** (Founders forget that contractors don't auto-assign IP without a written clause.)
32- **What's the liability cap, and what's carved out?** (Standard: 12 months of fees, with carve-outs for IP infringement, data breach, willful misconduct.)
33- **Is there a DPA in place if any personal data flows?** (GDPR, CCPA, state laws — non-negotiable if EU/CA data is touched.)
34- **What's the termination right, notice period, and auto-renewal trap?** (5-year auto-renew with 60-day notice is a common founder mistake.)
35- **Does this contract or product launch trigger a new regulatory regime?** (Healthcare → HIPAA. Fintech → BSA/AML. Medical device → FDA/MDR.)
36- **For term sheets: liquidation preference, pre-money option pool, anti-dilution flavor?** (Three places where 5% of founder economics can quietly disappear.)
37
38## Core Responsibilities
39
40### 1. Contract Review
41
42Standard contracts a startup signs in its first 5 years:
43
44- **Vendor MSA** — Master Service Agreement (cloud, tooling, services)
45- **Customer SaaS Agreement** — your standard customer paper + customer redlines
46- **NDA** — mutual + one-way, with carve-outs for residuals + independent development
47- **DPA** — Data Processing Agreement (required when personal data flows)
48- **Employment Agreement** — offer letter, IP assignment, non-compete (where enforceable), arbitration
49- **Contractor / 1099 Agreement** — IP assignment is critical; misclassification risk
50- **Equity Agreements** — option grants, RSU agreements, advisor grants (FAST template, YC SAFE for advisors)
51
52**Run** `contract_risk_scanner.py` on the text. It flags the 12 most common founder-killer clauses.
53
54### 2. IP Strategy
55
56- **Invention assignment** — every employee and contractor signs one. No exceptions.
57- **Open source license compliance** — track every OSS dependency's license; AGPL and GPL trigger copyleft obligations.
58- **Trade secrets** — define what's protected and how (clean room dev, access controls, NDAs).
59- **Patents** — file provisional within 12 months of disclosure; PCT for international.
60- **Trademarks** — register the word mark first, design mark second; clear before launch.
61- **Copyright** — automatic on creation, but register for statutory damages eligibility.
62
63See `references/ip_and_regulatory.md`.
64
65### 3. Term Sheet Decoding
66
67When a term sheet arrives, the difference between a founder-friendly and founder-hostile sheet often hides in three clauses:
68
69- **Liquidation preference** — 1x non-participating is standard; 1x participating or 2x is hostile
70- **Pre-money vs post-money option pool** — pre-money pool dilutes founders; post-money dilutes everyone proportionally
71- **Anti-dilution** — broad-based weighted average is standard; full ratchet is hostile
72
73**Run** `term_sheet_analyzer.py` to get a 0-100 founder-friendliness score with flags.
74
75### 4. Regulatory Landscape
76
77When to engage outside counsel **before** committing:
78
79| Trigger | Regime | First Step |
80|---|---|---|
81| Healthcare data | HIPAA, HITECH, state breach laws | Specialist health-tech counsel |
82| Cardholder data | PCI DSS (industry standard, not law, but contractually required) | QSA + counsel |
83| Money movement | BSA/AML, state money-transmitter (50-state patchwork) | Fintech specialist |
84| Medical device claims | FDA 510(k) / De Novo / PMA, MDR (EU), ISO 13485 | Medical-device specialist |
85| EU residents' personal data | GDPR + EU AI Act if AI is deployed | EU privacy counsel |
86| California residents | CCPA / CPRA | Privacy generalist |
87| Securities (tokens, equity crowdfunding) | SEC rules (Reg D, Reg A+, Reg CF) | Securities counsel |
88| Defense / aerospace customers | ITAR, EAR, DFARS, CMMC | Export-control counsel |
89| AI in EU | EU AI Act (risk-tiered) | EU privacy + product counsel |
90| AI for hiring (NYC, CO, IL) | Local bias-audit laws | Employment counsel |
91
92See `references/ip_and_regulatory.md` for sequencing.
93
94## Workflows
95
96### Workflow 1: Contract Review
971. Save the contract as plain text
982. Run `contract_risk_scanner.py path/to/contract.txt`
993. For each HIGH risk finding, draft a counter-proposal
1004. Bring the redline + counter-proposals to outside counsel
1015. Log the decision via `/cs:decide`
102
103### Workflow 2: Term Sheet Response
1041. Save the term sheet as a JSON file matching the schema in `term_sheet_analyzer.py --help`
1052. Run `python scripts/term_sheet_analyzer.py path/to/term_sheet.json`
1063. Review the founder-friendliness score and per-clause flags
1074. Negotiate the worst 3 clauses (don't try to win all 20)
1085. Always have a securities/venture attorney review before signing
1096. Log via `/cs:decide` with `/cs:freeze 30` to prevent regret-driven re-opening
110
111### Workflow 3: IP Hygiene Audit
1121. Confirm every employee and contractor (past 12 months) signed invention assignment
1132. Run an OSS license inventory (`pip-licenses`, `license-checker` for npm)
1143. Map AGPL/GPL dependencies and confirm compliance (or remove)
1154. File provisional patents on novel inventions (12-month deadline from disclosure)
1165. Register word-mark trademarks for the product name
117
118### Workflow 4: Regulatory Trigger Assessment
1191. List planned product features for the next 12 months
1202. Map each feature to the trigger table in this document
1213. For any HIPAA / FDA / fintech trigger, engage a specialist counsel **before** building
1224. Document the regulatory roadmap and budget alongside the product roadmap
1235. Pair with `cs-ciso-advisor` for ISO 27001 / SOC 2 sequencing
124
125## Output Standard (when invoked via `/cs:gc-review`)
126
127```
128**Bottom Line:** [sign / negotiate / do not sign]
129**The Risks:** [3 highest-severity issues]
130**Counter-Proposals:** [specific language]
131**Outside Counsel Action Items:** [what to bring to the attorney]
132**Your Decision:** [the call only the founder can make]
133```
134
135## Adjacent Skills
136
137- `../ciso-advisor/` — Compliance overlap (SOC 2, ISO 27001, HIPAA technical safeguards)
138- `../cfo-advisor/` — Term sheet → dilution math
139- `../ma-playbook/` — Acquisition agreements, integration playbooks
140- `../../../ra-qm-team/` — ISO 13485, MDR, FDA 510(k), GDPR execution
141- `../../c-level-agents/skills/gc-review/SKILL.md` — `/cs:gc-review` slash command
142
143## References
144
145- [contracts_playbook.md](references/contracts_playbook.md) — Standard contracts, clause checklist, common founder traps
146- [ip_and_regulatory.md](references/ip_and_regulatory.md) — IP protection + regulatory landscape mapping
147- [term_sheet_decoder.md](references/term_sheet_decoder.md) — Term sheet glossary + founder-friendly defaults + pushback strategies
148
149---
150
151**Version:** 1.0.0
152**Status:** Production Ready
153**Disclaimer:** Not legal advice. Always engage qualified counsel for binding decisions.