Radar

radar

Radar is a multi-framework AST generator and security analysis tool for smart contracts. Use this skill for AST generation across Rust and Solidity ecosystems, smart contract vulnerability scanning, and radar template development to repeat detection patterns to be reused against multiple contracts.

Supported Frameworks

• Anchor (Solana framework)
• Native Rust (Solana programs)
• Stylus (Arbitrum Rust)
• Solidity (standalone contracts)
• Foundry (Solidity projects)

All use Rust's syn parser for consistent, high-quality AST output.

Generating AST

AST for Any Framework

radar -p <contract-path> --ast -o output.json

Output includes both security findings and complete AST structure.

AST-Only Mode

Generate AST without security scanning:

radar -p <contract-path> --ast --ignore low,medium,high,uncertain -o ast.json

Framework Examples

# Anchor project
radar -p ./my-anchor-project --ast -o anchor_ast.json

# Native Rust (Solana)
radar -p ./native-solana --ast -o rust_ast.json

# Stylus (Arbitrum)
radar -p ./stylus-contract --ast -o stylus_ast.json

# Solidity
radar -p ./solidity-contract --ast -o solidity_ast.json

# Foundry project
radar -p ./foundry-project --ast -o foundry_ast.json

See ast-generation.md for complete AST guide including structure, node types, and integration patterns.

Running Scans

Basic Scan

radar -p <contract-path>

With AST Output

Essential for template development and debugging:

radar --dev -p <contract-path> --ast -o output.json

Custom Templates

radar -p <contract-path> -t <templates-directory>

See usage.md for complete command reference and integration options.

Developing Templates

Templates are YAML files that detect vulnerable patterns using a Python DSL.

Quick Template Structure

version: 0.1.0
author: your-name
accent: anchor
name: Template Name
description: Vulnerability description
severity: Low|Medium|High
certainty: Low|Medium|High
vulnerable_example: URL
rule: |
  for source, nodes in ast:
      try:
          pattern = nodes.find_by_names("VulnType").exit_on_none()
          nodes.find_by_names("Safeguard").exit_on_value()
          print(pattern.first().to_result())
      except:
          continue

Development Workflow

1. Run radar with --ast to inspect contract structure
2. Write rule using DSL functions to detect vulnerable patterns
3. Test against bad example (must detect)
4. Test against good example (must not detect)
5. Add unit test to api/tests/test_templates.py
6. Run make test

Key Rules

• Zero false positives (absolute requirement)
• Point to exact vulnerability line, not function/file
• Generalize patterns, don't hard-code values
• Use exit_on_none() when pattern must exist
• Use exit_on_value() to verify safeguard absence

See template-writing.md for complete guide.

DSL Functions

Template rules use methods from RustASTNode:

Finding Patterns

• find_by_names(*idents) - Find by identifier
• find_functions_by_names(*names) - Find function declarations
• find_method_calls(caller, method) - Find method invocations
• find_chained_calls(*idents) - Find chained calls
• find_comparison_involving(ident) - Find comparisons
• find_macro_attribute_by_names(*idents) - Find macro attributes

Control Flow

• exit_on_none() - Stop if not found (pattern required)
• exit_on_value() - Stop if found (safeguard exists)
• first() - Get first node
• to_result() - Convert to finding format

Debugging

• to_raw_ast_debug() - Inspect AST structure (add to template, don't call print)

See dsl-functions.md for complete API reference.

Testing Templates

Every template requires:

• api/tests/mocks/<template_name>/bad/src/lib.rs - Vulnerable code
• api/tests/mocks/<template_name>/good/src/lib.rs - Safe code
• Unit test in api/tests/test_templates.py

Test command:

radar --dev -p api/tests/mocks/<template_name>/bad --ast -o outputs/out.json

Debugging

Template Not Detecting

1. Run with --dev for detailed logs
2. Add nodes.to_raw_ast_debug() in template to inspect AST
3. Compare AST structure with template logic
4. Verify DSL methods exist on node type

False Positives

Review template logic - templates must have 0% false positive rate.

AST Inspection

Use --ast flag to understand contract structure:

radar --dev -p <contract> --ast -o debug.json

Examine the ast field in output to see node structure.

Contributing

Templates are the primary contribution method. Each template must:

• Detect a real vulnerability pattern
• Have zero false positives
• Include bad/good test cases
• Pass unit tests

See template-writing.md for complete contribution guide.