Fix Test

/pw-kit:fix-test — Investigate and Fix a Failing Test

Follow this 6-phase workflow when a user asks you to fix a failing test. The non-negotiable rule: never guess the root cause. Use the trace, the source code, and live reproduction to classify the failure before changing anything.

Required Inputs (collect first)

Before starting Phase 1, ensure you have:

1. Failing test path (e.g., tests/customers/customers-crud-test.spec.ts:42 or just the test name)
2. Error output — what Playwright reported
3. Trace file — usually at test-results/<test-name>/trace.zip
4. Ticket key the test is verifying (if it's PREFIX-NNNNN: ..., extract NNNNN)
5. App repo path (if the user configured appRepoPath in plugin userConfig, use that; otherwise ask)

If any are missing, ask the user before starting Phase 1.

Phase 1 — Gather Context

Collect:

• Failing test source — read the full test file and any POMs it uses.
• Error message and stack trace — note the failing line, the matcher used, and any timeout indication.
• The linked dev/feature ticket — for source-code analysis in Phase 3.
• Recent test changes — git log -p <test-file> | head -100 to see if the test was recently touched.

# Run the failing test and capture output
npx playwright test path/to/test.spec.ts --headed

# Or for just the trace
npx playwright show-trace test-results/<test-name>/trace.zip

Phase 2 — Analyze the Test

Read the test file end-to-end and the POMs it imports. Look for:

• Wrong locator — does the data-testid match what's actually in the app?
• Base class method usage — is the test using BaseGridPage.editRowByDescription() correctly?
• Recent test changes — git log -p and git blame on the failing line and the POMs.
• Wrong fixture dependency — { page } instead of { browserPage }?
• Missing await — expect(...) without await is a common bug.

If the test was recently modified, the regression is likely there. If it hasn't been touched in months, the regression is likely in the app.

Cross-check API usage with the installed Playwright version (Context7 MCP)

If the failing line uses a Playwright API whose signature you're unsure about (e.g., expect.toPass, page.routeFromHAR, custom matchers, fixture scoping), read the installed version from package.json and look up the version-matched docs via Context7 MCP before guessing. Playwright API surface changes between minor versions; verifying against the right version eliminates a class of false-positive "bug" reports.

Phase 3 — Analyze the App Source

In the app repo:

cd <app-repo>
git log --all --grep="<TICKET_KEY>" --oneline   # find commits for the feature
git log --since="<test-was-last-passing>" -- <component-path>  # find recent changes

For each candidate component file:

• Check data-testid attributes — were any renamed or removed?
• Check route paths — did URL patterns change?
• Check API endpoints — did request/response shapes change?

If you find the smoking gun in app code, that's evidence for "app bug" classification.

Phase 4 — Reproduce With Playwright CLI

Open a real browser and walk through the failing test step-by-step. Do not skip this phase — static analysis often misses runtime behavior.

playwright-cli open <APP_URL>
playwright-cli snapshot                           # what's the actual DOM?
# manually replay the test steps
playwright-cli click eN
playwright-cli snapshot                           # what changed?
playwright-cli run-code "async page => fetch('/api/...').then(r => r.json())"  # API shape?

Look for:

• Element not present — testid was renamed in the app
• Element present but behind overlay — needs to be dismissed first
• API response shape changed — assertion is now wrong
• Timing — the failing element does appear but later than the test expects

Run the test in headed mode to watch it fail in real time:

npx playwright test path/to/test.spec.ts --headed --slow-mo=500

If it fails differently each run → flaky (intermittent). If it fails the same way every run → deterministic (bug or broken test).

Phase 5 — Classify and Act

Use this decision tree:

App behaves correctly + test is wrong → BROKEN TEST

The test asserts something that doesn't match the actual (correct) app behavior. Fix the test.

Before changing the test code, verify the new expected value live with playwright-cli. Don't trust the commit message or the source diff alone — confirm the testid/locator/text actually exists in the rendered DOM right now:

playwright-cli open <APP_URL_of_the_page>
playwright-cli snapshot                        # confirm the new testid is present
# or for a specific element:
playwright-cli run-code "async page => page.getByTestId('new-testid-name').count()"

Only after the live UI confirms the new value, edit the page object or test:

// Fix the test in place if simple
// e.g., update the expected text, the locator, the cleanup, the timing

If the fix is non-trivial (takes more than a few lines or touches multiple POMs), mark test.fixme, create a fix-me task in the project tracker, and add a comment:

// Fix-me task: PREFIX-NNNNN — Outdated assertion on email validation; rewrite to match new UX
test.fixme('PREFIX-12345: ...', async ({ ... }) => { /* ... */ });

App doesn't match expected result → APP BUG

The app's behavior is wrong; the test correctly catches it. Mark test.fail and produce a structured bug report.

// Defect: DEFECT-67890
test.fail('PREFIX-12345: ...', async ({ ... }) => { /* ... */ });

The test.fail acts as a live sentinel: when the bug is fixed in the app, the test will start passing unexpectedly, alerting whoever is on call. Always include the defect ticket key in a comment.

Produce a bug report in this exact structure (ready to paste into a defect ticket):

## Title
<short description of the broken behavior>

## Steps to reproduce
1. ...
2. ...
3. ...

## Expected result
<what should happen, from the ticket>

## Actual result
<what actually happens, from your reproduction>

## Evidence
- Screenshot: <path or attachment>
- Trace: <path>
- Network capture: <relevant API URLs and response excerpts>

## Technical details
- Component: <component name in app repo>
- Likely commit: <SHA if found via git log>
- Related: <linked tickets>

## Possible root cause
<your hypothesis from Phase 3 source analysis>

Intermittent failure → FLAKY TEST

The test fails some runs and passes others. Find and fix the root cause — do not add test.fixme, test.skip, or retries.

Common flaky causes:

• Timing: missing await expect(...), snapshot-style assertion, networkidle wait, hardcoded waitForTimeout
• Parallel data collision: hardcoded record description, missing random suffix
• Shared mutable state: module-level variables, leftover data from previous run
• Animation: element clicked while transitioning; need to wait for stable state first

Fix the root cause, then verify with:

# Run the same test 10 times in a row to check for flakiness
for i in {1..10}; do
  npx playwright test path/to/test.spec.ts || break
done

If it passes 10/10, it's no longer flaky.

Phase 6 — Verify and Report

Run the test:

npx playwright test path/to/test.spec.ts

• App bug fix: the test should still fail (since test.fail is now in place); if it passes, your test.fail may be wrong.
• Broken test fix: the test should now pass; if not, the fix isn't done.
• Flaky test fix: run 10 times; should pass all 10.

Report back to the user:

## Root Cause
<one paragraph explanation>

## Classification
[App Bug | Broken Test | Flaky]

## Evidence
- Trace step that revealed the issue: <step number / description>
- Source code reference: <component file:line>
- Reproduction notes: <what you saw with playwright-cli>

## Action Taken
- [ ] Marked test.fail with defect ticket DEFECT-NNNNN
- [ ] Bug report prepared (see below)
OR
- [ ] Fixed test in place: <brief description>
OR
- [ ] Fixed flakiness root cause: <description>

## Next Steps for User
- [ ] Create defect ticket from bug report and link DEFECT-NNNNN
- [ ] Review and approve the test fix
- [ ] (if flaky fix) Run the test 10× locally to verify stability

Critical Rules

1. Never guess. Use the trace, source code, and live reproduction. Speculative fixes waste time.
2. Classify before fixing. App bug, broken test, and flaky test have completely different actions.
3. Never add waitForTimeout to make a test pass. That's flaky tape, not a fix.
4. Never mark flaky tests as test.skip. Use test.fixme and create a tracking task so the issue is visible.
5. test.fail requires a defect ticket key. No .fail without traceability.
6. Always reproduce with playwright-cli before concluding. Static analysis misses runtime behavior.

Further Reading

Additional reference docs (recipes, deep-dives, edge cases) will be added based on team feedback. PRs welcome.