Linux MCP Server Administration

Linux MCP Server Administration

Skill by ara.so — MCP Skills collection.

Overview

The Linux MCP Server is a Model Context Protocol server that provides read-only diagnostic and troubleshooting capabilities for RHEL-based Linux systems. It enables LLM clients to execute diagnostic commands on local or remote systems via SSH, making it ideal for system administration, monitoring, and troubleshooting tasks.

Key Features:

• Strictly read-only operations for safe diagnostics
• Remote SSH execution with key-based authentication
• Multi-host management in a single session
• Comprehensive system diagnostics (services, processes, logs, network, storage)
• RHEL/systemd optimized

Installation

Using pip

pip install linux-mcp-server

Using uv (recommended)

# Install uv first
pip install uv

# Install the server
uv pip install linux-mcp-server

From source

git clone https://github.com/rhel-lightspeed/linux-mcp-server.git
cd linux-mcp-server
pip install -e .

Configuration

MCP Client Configuration

Add to your MCP client settings (e.g., Claude Desktop config.json):

{
  "mcpServers": {
    "linux": {
      "command": "uv",
      "args": [
        "--directory",
        "/path/to/linux-mcp-server",
        "run",
        "linux-mcp-server"
      ],
      "env": {
        "LINUX_MCP_ALLOWED_LOGS": "/var/log/messages,/var/log/secure,/var/log/audit/audit.log"
      }
    }
  }
}

Environment Variables

• LINUX_MCP_ALLOWED_LOGS: Comma-separated list of log files that can be accessed (default: common system logs)
• SSH_AUTH_SOCK: SSH agent socket for key-based authentication
• HOME: User home directory (for SSH key location)

SSH Setup for Remote Hosts

Ensure SSH key-based authentication is configured:

# Generate SSH key if needed
ssh-keygen -t ed25519 -C "your_email@example.com"

# Copy public key to remote host
ssh-copy-id user@remote-host

# Test connection
ssh user@remote-host

Available Tools

System Information

get_system_info - Retrieve basic system information (hostname, OS, kernel, uptime)

# Usage in MCP client
# Ask: "What's the system info for server01?"
# Tool call: get_system_info(host="user@server01")

get_uname - Get detailed kernel and system information

# Usage: "Show me kernel details"
# Tool call: get_uname(host=None)  # Local system

Service Management

list_services - List systemd services and their states

# Usage: "List all services on the production server"
# Tool call: list_services(host="admin@prod-server", state="all")
# States: "all", "running", "failed", "enabled", "disabled"

get_service_status - Get detailed status of a specific service

# Usage: "Check nginx status on web01"
# Tool call: get_service_status(service_name="nginx", host="root@web01")

Process Management

list_processes - List running processes

# Usage: "Show all processes"
# Tool call: list_processes(host=None)

get_process_info - Get detailed information about a specific process

# Usage: "What's using PID 1234?"
# Tool call: get_process_info(pid=1234, host=None)

Log Analysis

read_journal - Read systemd journal logs

# Usage: "Show last 50 journal entries"
# Tool call: read_journal(lines=50, unit=None, priority=None, host=None)
# Priorities: "emerg", "alert", "crit", "err", "warning", "notice", "info", "debug"

read_log_file - Read specific log files

# Usage: "Show last 100 lines of /var/log/messages"
# Tool call: read_log_file(log_path="/var/log/messages", lines=100, host=None)
# Note: Log must be in LINUX_MCP_ALLOWED_LOGS

search_logs - Search for patterns in logs

# Usage: "Search for 'error' in system logs"
# Tool call: search_logs(pattern="error", log_path="/var/log/messages", host=None)

Network Diagnostics

get_network_info - Get network interface information

# Usage: "What are the network interfaces?"
# Tool call: get_network_info(host=None)

get_listening_ports - List listening network ports

# Usage: "What ports are listening?"
# Tool call: get_listening_ports(host=None)

test_connectivity - Test network connectivity to a host

# Usage: "Can we reach google.com?"
# Tool call: test_connectivity(target="google.com", host=None)

Storage Diagnostics

get_disk_usage - Get filesystem disk usage

# Usage: "Show disk usage"
# Tool call: get_disk_usage(host=None)

get_mount_points - List mounted filesystems

# Usage: "What's mounted on the system?"
# Tool call: get_mount_points(host=None)

Common Patterns

Multi-Host Diagnostics

# Check multiple hosts in sequence
# "Check service status on web01, web02, and db01"

# Tool calls:
# 1. get_service_status(service_name="httpd", host="admin@web01")
# 2. get_service_status(service_name="httpd", host="admin@web02")
# 3. get_service_status(service_name="postgresql", host="admin@db01")

Service Troubleshooting Workflow

# "Troubleshoot why nginx isn't working on web01"

# Typical tool sequence:
# 1. get_service_status(service_name="nginx", host="admin@web01")
# 2. read_journal(lines=100, unit="nginx", priority="err", host="admin@web01")
# 3. get_listening_ports(host="admin@web01")  # Check if port 80/443 open
# 4. test_connectivity(target="localhost:80", host="admin@web01")

System Health Check

# "Run a health check on server01"

# Tool sequence:
# 1. get_system_info(host="admin@server01")
# 2. list_services(host="admin@server01", state="failed")
# 3. get_disk_usage(host="admin@server01")
# 4. read_journal(lines=50, priority="err", host="admin@server01")
# 5. list_processes(host="admin@server01")

Log Analysis for Errors

# "Find authentication errors in the last hour"

# Tool sequence:
# 1. read_journal(lines=1000, priority="err", host=None)
# 2. search_logs(pattern="authentication failure", log_path="/var/log/secure", host=None)
# 3. read_log_file(log_path="/var/log/audit/audit.log", lines=500, host=None)

Running the Server

Standalone Mode

# Run locally
linux-mcp-server

# With custom log access
LINUX_MCP_ALLOWED_LOGS="/var/log/myapp.log,/var/log/custom.log" linux-mcp-server

Development Mode

# Clone and install in editable mode
git clone https://github.com/rhel-lightspeed/linux-mcp-server.git
cd linux-mcp-server
pip install -e .

# Run with debugging
python -m linux_mcp_server

Troubleshooting

SSH Connection Issues

Problem: "Could not connect to remote host"

Solutions:

• Verify SSH key authentication: ssh user@host
• Check SSH agent is running: echo $SSH_AUTH_SOCK
• Start SSH agent: eval $(ssh-agent) and ssh-add ~/.ssh/id_ed25519
• Verify host in known_hosts: ssh-keyscan host >> ~/.ssh/known_hosts

Log Access Denied

Problem: "Log file not in allowed list"

Solution:

• Add log path to LINUX_MCP_ALLOWED_LOGS environment variable
• Restart the MCP server after updating configuration

{
  "env": {
    "LINUX_MCP_ALLOWED_LOGS": "/var/log/messages,/var/log/secure,/custom/app.log"
  }
}

Permission Denied Errors

Problem: "Permission denied" when accessing system resources

Solutions:

• Use appropriate user with sudo privileges: ssh admin@host not ssh user@host
• Verify remote user has read access to logs and system commands
• For systemctl commands, ensure user can run systemctl status

Tool Not Found

Problem: Command not found on remote system

Solutions:

• Verify RHEL/systemd-based system (tool is optimized for RHEL)
• Check required commands are installed: systemctl, journalctl, ss, df
• Ensure PATH includes /usr/bin, /usr/sbin

Security Considerations

• Read-only operations: All tools are strictly read-only, no system modifications
• SSH key authentication: Use key-based auth, never passwords
• Log access control: Explicitly whitelist allowed log files
• Principle of least privilege: Use service accounts with minimal permissions
• Audit logging: All SSH connections are logged on remote systems

Best Practices

1. Use service accounts: Create dedicated accounts for MCP diagnostics
2. Limit log access: Only whitelist logs necessary for diagnostics
3. Test SSH first: Always verify manual SSH connection before using MCP
4. Monitor usage: Review SSH logs to track diagnostic sessions
5. Keep keys secure: Use SSH agent, don't embed keys in config files