Train a Character LoRA (local, Flux.1-dev)
Overview
The trainer runs ostris ai-toolkit's run.py inside a headless GPU Docker container,
driven through the three train_* MCP tools. You (the LLM) are the UI. Each takes
an action: train_prepare_dataset owns the datasets, train_start owns the jobs, and
train_doctor owns the trainer itself. You generate the dataset, launch the job, watch
progress, and the finished LoRA lands in ComfyUI models/loras/ and the LoRA catalog
without further steps.
- Base model: FLUX.1-dev (the best proven character consistency; needs ~24GB VRAM with
quantization, RTX 4090 class).
- Phase-1 scope: character LoRAs only. Style/slider/edit and other bases come later.
The flow (tool sequence)
train_doctor {action:"doctor"}. Preflight once per session. Checks docker daemon,
--gpus all GPU passthrough, trainer image, HF_TOKEN. If image:false, run
train_doctor {action:"build_image"} (one-time, several minutes, since it builds CUDA
plus torch plus ai-toolkit). If hfTokenSet:false, warn the user: the first run
downloads FLUX.1-dev (gated HF repo) and needs HF_TOKEN in the MCP server env.
train_prepare_dataset {action:"prepare"}. Stage the images. See "Dataset" below.
train_start {action:"start"}. Launch. Returns a job id at once; training runs
detached.
train_start {action:"status", id}. Poll progress (progress.step/totalSteps/loss,
recent samples, log tail). Poll on a slow cadence (every few minutes). A 2000-step
run is roughly an hour on a 4090. Don't block on it.
- Done.
status:"completed" means the .safetensors was copied to
models/loras/<name>.safetensors and upserted into the LoRA catalog (result has the
paths and catalog id). Verify by loading it in a Flux workflow (LoraLoaderModelOnly,
strength 1.0) with the trigger word in the prompt.
Dataset guidance
Call train_prepare_dataset {action:"prepare"} with name, items: [{path, caption?}, ...]
and a defaultCaption.
- 10 to 30 varied images of the subject: different angles, expressions, lighting,
backgrounds, distances (close-up, half-body, full-body). Variety beats count.
- Trigger word: pick something rare and stable (e.g.
ohwx, zxc_person), NOT a
real word. Use it as defaultCaption and pass it as trigger to train_start.
- Captions: describe what changes between images (pose, setting, clothing,
expression); the model learns the constant identity from the images themselves. Start
each caption with the trigger word, e.g.
ohwx person sitting in a cafe, laughing, natural light. Keep them short and factual. When in doubt, the trigger word alone
(defaultCaption) is a workable baseline.
- Images are copied and renamed
img_00001.<ext> etc. Source files are never modified.
Params (sane defaults — override sparingly)
| Param |
Default |
When to change |
| steps |
2000 |
200 for a smoke test; 1500–3000 real runs. More ≠ better (overbake = plasticky). |
| lr |
1e-4 |
5e-5 for a tighter/subtler identity. |
| rank |
16 |
32 for very detailed characters. |
| resolution |
[512,768,1024] |
[512] if VRAM-constrained. |
| quantize |
true |
Keep true on 24GB. |
| saveEvery / sampleEvery |
250 |
Lower (100) to watch early progress. |
Monitoring & judgement
train_start {action:"status"}'s progress.samples are host paths. Look at them.
(ai-toolkit prints no saved-sample lines, so they populate at finalize from the output
dir; mid-run you can look directly in the job's output/<name>/samples/ folder.)
Identity should be recognizable by ~1/3 of the run; if samples stay generic past
halfway, the run will likely underfit. Cancel (train_start {action:"cancel", id}) and
check captions and trigger.
- Loss should trend down and stabilize (~0.1 to 0.3); wild spikes usually mean lr too high.
- Checkpoints save every
saveEvery steps under the job's output/ dir, so a cancelled
run isn't a total loss.
Failure modes
no_docker / no_image from train_start {action:"start"}: run
train_doctor {action:"doctor"}, follow its hints.
- OOM / CUDA errors in the log tail: drop
resolution to [512], keep quantize:true,
batch stays 1.
handoff failed in job error: training itself finished; the LoRA is still under the
job's output/<name>/ dir. Copy it into models/loras/ manually and upsert the catalog.
- First run is slow before step 1. FLUX.1-dev download (~24GB) plus latent caching. As
long as the log tail moves, it's fine. The HF cache persists across runs.
Sources
- Official: none found.
- Empirical: sampler values, wiring, and prompt notes from working graphs in
packs/ and observed renders; not a vendor prompting guide.
1---2name: train-character-lora3description: Train a character/identity LoRA locally on FLUX.1-dev via the comfyui-mcp train_* tools (GPU Docker + ostris ai-toolkit). Use when the user wants to train a LoRA of a person/character from their photos on the local GPU. Covers dataset prep, launch, monitoring, and using the result in ComfyUI. For WAN/Z-Image training via the ai-toolkit UI see ai-toolkit-trainer.4---56# Train a Character LoRA (local, Flux.1-dev)78## Overview910The trainer runs ostris ai-toolkit's `run.py` inside a headless GPU Docker container,11driven through the three `train_*` MCP tools. You (the LLM) are the UI. Each takes12an `action`: `train_prepare_dataset` owns the datasets, `train_start` owns the jobs, and13`train_doctor` owns the trainer itself. You generate the dataset, launch the job, watch14progress, and the finished LoRA lands in ComfyUI `models/loras/` and the LoRA catalog15without further steps.1617- Base model: FLUX.1-dev (the best proven character consistency; needs ~24GB VRAM with18 quantization, RTX 4090 class).19- Phase-1 scope: character LoRAs only. Style/slider/edit and other bases come later.2021## The flow (tool sequence)22231. `train_doctor {action:"doctor"}`. Preflight once per session. Checks docker daemon,24 `--gpus all` GPU passthrough, trainer image, HF_TOKEN. If `image:false`, run25 `train_doctor {action:"build_image"}` (one-time, several minutes, since it builds CUDA26 plus torch plus ai-toolkit). If `hfTokenSet:false`, warn the user: the first run27 downloads FLUX.1-dev (gated HF repo) and needs `HF_TOKEN` in the MCP server env.282. `train_prepare_dataset {action:"prepare"}`. Stage the images. See "Dataset" below.293. `train_start {action:"start"}`. Launch. Returns a job id at once; training runs30 detached.314. `train_start {action:"status", id}`. Poll progress (`progress.step/totalSteps/loss`,32 recent `samples`, `log` tail). Poll on a slow cadence (every few minutes). A 2000-step33 run is roughly an hour on a 4090. Don't block on it.345. Done. `status:"completed"` means the `.safetensors` was copied to35 `models/loras/<name>.safetensors` and upserted into the LoRA catalog (`result` has the36 paths and catalog id). Verify by loading it in a Flux workflow (`LoraLoaderModelOnly`,37 strength 1.0) with the trigger word in the prompt.3839## Dataset guidance4041Call `train_prepare_dataset {action:"prepare"}` with `name`, `items: [{path, caption?}, ...]`42and a `defaultCaption`.4344- 10 to 30 varied images of the subject: different angles, expressions, lighting,45 backgrounds, distances (close-up, half-body, full-body). Variety beats count.46- Trigger word: pick something rare and stable (e.g. `ohwx`, `zxc_person`), NOT a47 real word. Use it as `defaultCaption` and pass it as `trigger` to `train_start`.48- Captions: describe what changes between images (pose, setting, clothing,49 expression); the model learns the constant identity from the images themselves. Start50 each caption with the trigger word, e.g. `ohwx person sitting in a cafe, laughing, natural51 light`. Keep them short and factual. When in doubt, the trigger word alone52 (`defaultCaption`) is a workable baseline.53- Images are copied and renamed `img_00001.<ext>` etc. Source files are never modified.5455## Params (sane defaults — override sparingly)5657| Param | Default | When to change |58|-------|---------|----------------|59| steps | 2000 | 200 for a smoke test; 1500–3000 real runs. More ≠ better (overbake = plasticky). |60| lr | 1e-4 | 5e-5 for a tighter/subtler identity. |61| rank | 16 | 32 for very detailed characters. |62| resolution | [512,768,1024] | [512] if VRAM-constrained. |63| quantize | true | Keep true on 24GB. |64| saveEvery / sampleEvery | 250 | Lower (100) to watch early progress. |6566## Monitoring & judgement6768- `train_start {action:"status"}`'s `progress.samples` are host paths. Look at them.69 (ai-toolkit prints no saved-sample lines, so they populate at finalize from the output70 dir; mid-run you can look directly in the job's `output/<name>/samples/` folder.)71 Identity should be recognizable by ~1/3 of the run; if samples stay generic past72 halfway, the run will likely underfit. Cancel (`train_start {action:"cancel", id}`) and73 check captions and trigger.74- Loss should trend down and stabilize (~0.1 to 0.3); wild spikes usually mean lr too high.75- Checkpoints save every `saveEvery` steps under the job's `output/` dir, so a cancelled76 run isn't a total loss.7778## Failure modes7980- `no_docker` / `no_image` from `train_start {action:"start"}`: run81 `train_doctor {action:"doctor"}`, follow its hints.82- OOM / CUDA errors in the log tail: drop `resolution` to `[512]`, keep `quantize:true`,83 batch stays 1.84- `handoff failed` in job error: training itself finished; the LoRA is still under the85 job's `output/<name>/` dir. Copy it into `models/loras/` manually and upsert the catalog.86- First run is slow before step 1. FLUX.1-dev download (~24GB) plus latent caching. As87 long as the log tail moves, it's fine. The HF cache persists across runs.8889## Sources9091- **Official:** none found.92- **Empirical:** sampler values, wiring, and prompt notes from working graphs in `packs/` and observed renders; not a vendor prompting guide.