Landing Gear Sizing (vehicle-design/sizing/landing-gear-sizing)
Use when the task is sizing the landing gear at the conceptual level: static loads over the struts, nose and main gear load share from the CG and wheelbase, shock absorber stroke, and the tire rating margin.
Domain quick reference
- Static loads split the maximum landing weight over the struts; with the CG a distance aft of the main gear, static equilibrium about the main gear gives nose load = W * cg_aft / wheelbase and main load = W - nose load.
- Shock absorber stroke follows from the energy balance 0.5mv2 = nmg*stroke, so stroke = v2 / (2ng) with g = 9.80665 m/s**2.
- Tire rating margin is static load over tire rating; the rating covers the load when the margin is at most 1.0.
- FAR-25.723 / CS-25.723 shock absorption verification is a drop test; this module provides the sizing-level energy check only.
Workflow
- Collect the maximum landing weight, strut counts, CG position, wheelbase, sink speed, landing load factor, and tire rating.
- Split the load with static_load_per_strut (even split) or main_gear_load_share (CG-based nose/main split).
- Size the shock absorber with required_shock_stroke.
- Check the tire with tire_rating_margin.
- Close with landing_gear_verdict and gate on the verdict.
Pitfalls
- Treating the sizing-level energy check as the certification drop test: FAR-25.723 / CS-25.723 verification is a drop test; this module is the sizing-level energy check only.
- A CG aft of the wheelbase: the nose gear would carry negative load; the logic raises ValueError.
- Non-positive weight, wheelbase, load factor, or tire rating: the logic raises ValueError.
- Reporting the even-split load when the CG is far aft of the main gear: use main_gear_load_share for the CG-based split.
- A tire margin above 1.0 means overload: the verdict is tire overloaded, not gear sized.
Behavior contract (gate 3)
The sizing logic is exercised by the gate 3 contract test: scripts/test_landing_gear_logic.py against scripts/landing_gear_logic.py (stdlib unittest, offline). Run:
python3 scripts/test_landing_gear_logic.py
Compliance
- FAR-25 is US government work (public domain) and CS-25 is a free EASA download; standards referenced, not reproduced, per standards-map.yaml. Sizing methodology is common conceptual design practice.
- compliance: STANDARDS-REF, gated: false.