attac-t Skill: Craft Result
"A boolean tells you what happened. A Result tells you why."
The Standard
- Named Constructors:
::success(),::failed(),::skipped(). Never bare constructor. - Carry Context: Include data, messages, metrics. Results are informative.
- Immutable: Results don't change after creation.
- Chainable Checks:
$result->isSuccess(),$result->wasSkipped().
The Anti-Patterns
| ❌ Don't | ✅ Do | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Return bool | Return Result object | No context on failure |
| Throw on expected fail | Return Result::failed() |
Expected != exceptional |
| Array with status key | Typed Result class | Type safety, IDE support |
| Log inside action | Return Result, log outside | Action stays pure |
Real-World Examples
See examples/.