React Native & Expo Development Guide
A practical guide for building production-ready React Native and Expo applications. Covers UI, animations, state, testing, performance, and deployment.
References
Consult these resources as needed:
- references/navigation.md — Expo Router: Stack, Tabs, NativeTabs (
headerLargeTitle, headerBackButtonDisplayMode), links, modals, sheets, context menus
- references/components.md — FlashList patterns,
expo-image, safe areas (contentInsetAdjustmentBehavior), native controls, blur/glass effects, storage
- references/styling.md — StyleSheet, NativeWind/Tailwind, platform styles, theming, dark mode
- references/animations.md — Reanimated 3: entering/exiting, shared values, gestures, scroll-driven
- references/state-management.md — Zustand (selectors, persist), Jotai (atoms, derived), React Query, Context
- references/forms.md — React Hook Form + Zod: validation, multi-step, dynamic arrays
- references/networking.md — fetch wrapper, React Query (optimistic updates), auth tokens, offline, API routes, webhooks
- references/performance.md — Profiling workflow, FlashList +
memo, bundle analysis, TTI, memory leaks, animation perf
- references/testing.md — Jest, React Native Testing Library, E2E with Maestro
- references/native-capabilities.md — Camera, location, permissions (
use*Permissions hooks), haptics, notifications, biometrics
- references/engineering.md — Project layout (
components/ui/, stores/, services/), path aliases, SDK upgrades, EAS build/submit, CI/CD, DOM components
Quick Reference
Component Preferences
| Purpose |
Use |
Instead of |
| Lists |
FlashList (@shopify/flash-list) + memo items |
FlatList (no view recycling) |
| Images |
expo-image |
RN <Image> (no cache, no WebP) |
| Press |
Pressable |
TouchableOpacity (legacy) |
| Audio |
expo-audio |
expo-av (deprecated) |
| Video |
expo-video |
expo-av (deprecated) |
| Animations |
Reanimated 3 |
RN Animated API (limited) |
| Gestures |
Gesture Handler |
PanResponder (legacy) |
| Platform check |
process.env.EXPO_OS |
Platform.OS |
| Context |
React.use() |
React.useContext() (React 18) |
| Safe area scroll |
contentInsetAdjustmentBehavior="automatic" |
<SafeAreaView> |
| SF Symbols |
expo-image with source="sf:name" |
expo-symbols |
Scaling Up
| Situation |
Consider |
| Long lists with scroll jank |
Virtualized list libraries (e.g. FlashList) |
| Want Tailwind-style classes |
NativeWind v4 |
| High-frequency storage reads |
Sync-based storage (e.g. MMKV) |
| New project with Expo |
Expo Router over bare React Navigation |
State Management
| State Type |
Solution |
| Local UI state |
useState / useReducer |
| Shared app state |
Zustand or Jotai |
| Server / async data |
React Query |
| Form state |
React Hook Form + Zod |
Performance Priorities
| Priority |
Issue |
Fix |
| CRITICAL |
Long list jank |
FlashList + memoized items |
| CRITICAL |
Large bundle |
Avoid barrel imports, enable R8 |
| HIGH |
Too many re-renders |
Zustand selectors, React Compiler |
| HIGH |
Slow startup |
Disable bundle compression, native nav |
| MEDIUM |
Animation drops |
Only animate transform/opacity |
New Project Init
# 1. Create project
npx create-expo-app@latest my-app --template blank-typescript
cd my-app
# 2. Install Expo Router + core deps
npx expo install expo-router react-native-safe-area-context react-native-screens
# 3. (Optional) Common extras
npx expo install expo-image react-native-reanimated react-native-gesture-handler
Then configure:
- Set entry point in
package.json: "main": "expo-router/entry"
- Add scheme in
app.json: "scheme": "my-app"
- Delete
App.tsx and index.ts
- Create
app/_layout.tsx as root Stack layout
- Create
app/(tabs)/_layout.tsx for tab navigation
- Create route files in
app/(tabs)/ (see navigation.md)
For web support, also install: npx expo install react-native-web react-dom @expo/metro-runtime
Core Principles
Consult references before writing: when implementing navigation, lists, networking, or project setup, read the matching reference file above for patterns and pitfalls.
Try Expo Go first (npx expo start). Custom builds (eas build) only needed when using local Expo modules, Apple targets, or third-party native modules not in Expo Go.
Conditional rendering: use {count > 0 && <Text />} not {count && <Text />} (renders "0").
Animation rule: only animate transform and opacity — GPU-composited, no layout thrash.
Imports: always import directly from source, not barrel files — avoids bundle bloat.
Lists and images: before using FlatList or RN Image, check the Component Preferences table above — FlashList and expo-image are almost always the right choice.
Route files: always use kebab-case, never co-locate components/types/utils in app/.
Checklist
New Project Setup
Before Shipping
Flutter development → see flutter-dev skill.
iOS native (UIKit/SwiftUI) → see ios-application-dev skill.
Android native (Kotlin/Compose) → see android-native-dev skill.
React Native is a trademark of Meta Platforms, Inc. Expo is a trademark of 650 Industries, Inc. All other product names are trademarks of their respective owners.
1---
2name: react-native-dev
3description: |
4 React Native and Expo development guide covering components, styling, animations, navigation,
5 state management, forms, networking, performance optimization, testing, native capabilities,
6 and engineering (project structure, deployment, SDK upgrades, CI/CD).
7 Use when: building React Native or Expo apps, implementing animations or native UI, managing
8 state, fetching data, writing tests, optimizing performance, deploying to App Store/Play Store,
9 setting up CI/CD, upgrading Expo SDK, or configuring Tailwind/NativeWind.
10description_zh: "React Native 跨平台开发指南"
11description_en: "React Native & Expo development guide"
12license: MIT
13metadata:
14 version: "1.0.0"
15 category: mobile
16 sources:
17 - Expo documentation (docs.expo.dev)
18 - React Native documentation (reactnative.dev)
19 - EAS (Expo Application Services) documentation
20---
21
22# React Native & Expo Development Guide
23
24A practical guide for building production-ready React Native and Expo applications. Covers UI, animations, state, testing, performance, and deployment.
25
26## References
27
28Consult these resources as needed:
29
30- [references/navigation.md](references/navigation.md) — Expo Router: Stack, Tabs, NativeTabs (`headerLargeTitle`, `headerBackButtonDisplayMode`), links, modals, sheets, context menus
31- [references/components.md](references/components.md) — FlashList patterns, `expo-image`, safe areas (`contentInsetAdjustmentBehavior`), native controls, blur/glass effects, storage
32- [references/styling.md](references/styling.md) — StyleSheet, NativeWind/Tailwind, platform styles, theming, dark mode
33- [references/animations.md](references/animations.md) — Reanimated 3: entering/exiting, shared values, gestures, scroll-driven
34- [references/state-management.md](references/state-management.md) — Zustand (selectors, persist), Jotai (atoms, derived), React Query, Context
35- [references/forms.md](references/forms.md) — React Hook Form + Zod: validation, multi-step, dynamic arrays
36- [references/networking.md](references/networking.md) — fetch wrapper, React Query (optimistic updates), auth tokens, offline, API routes, webhooks
37- [references/performance.md](references/performance.md) — Profiling workflow, FlashList + `memo`, bundle analysis, TTI, memory leaks, animation perf
38- [references/testing.md](references/testing.md) — Jest, React Native Testing Library, E2E with Maestro
39- [references/native-capabilities.md](references/native-capabilities.md) — Camera, location, permissions (`use*Permissions` hooks), haptics, notifications, biometrics
40- [references/engineering.md](references/engineering.md) — Project layout (`components/ui/`, `stores/`, `services/`), path aliases, SDK upgrades, EAS build/submit, CI/CD, DOM components
41
42## Quick Reference
43
44### Component Preferences
45
46| Purpose | Use | Instead of |
47|---------|-----|------------|
48| Lists | `FlashList` (`@shopify/flash-list`) + `memo` items | `FlatList` (no view recycling) |
49| Images | `expo-image` | RN `<Image>` (no cache, no WebP) |
50| Press | `Pressable` | `TouchableOpacity` (legacy) |
51| Audio | `expo-audio` | `expo-av` (deprecated) |
52| Video | `expo-video` | `expo-av` (deprecated) |
53| Animations | Reanimated 3 | RN Animated API (limited) |
54| Gestures | Gesture Handler | PanResponder (legacy) |
55| Platform check | `process.env.EXPO_OS` | `Platform.OS` |
56| Context | `React.use()` | `React.useContext()` (React 18) |
57| Safe area scroll | `contentInsetAdjustmentBehavior="automatic"` | `<SafeAreaView>` |
58| SF Symbols | `expo-image` with `source="sf:name"` | `expo-symbols` |
59
60### Scaling Up
61
62| Situation | Consider |
63|-----------|----------|
64| Long lists with scroll jank | Virtualized list libraries (e.g. FlashList) |
65| Want Tailwind-style classes | NativeWind v4 |
66| High-frequency storage reads | Sync-based storage (e.g. MMKV) |
67| New project with Expo | Expo Router over bare React Navigation |
68
69### State Management
70
71| State Type | Solution |
72|------------|----------|
73| Local UI state | `useState` / `useReducer` |
74| Shared app state | Zustand or Jotai |
75| Server / async data | React Query |
76| Form state | React Hook Form + Zod |
77
78### Performance Priorities
79
80| Priority | Issue | Fix |
81|----------|-------|-----|
82| CRITICAL | Long list jank | `FlashList` + memoized items |
83| CRITICAL | Large bundle | Avoid barrel imports, enable R8 |
84| HIGH | Too many re-renders | Zustand selectors, React Compiler |
85| HIGH | Slow startup | Disable bundle compression, native nav |
86| MEDIUM | Animation drops | Only animate `transform`/`opacity` |
87
88## New Project Init
89
90```bash
91# 1. Create project
92npx create-expo-app@latest my-app --template blank-typescript
93cd my-app
94
95# 2. Install Expo Router + core deps
96npx expo install expo-router react-native-safe-area-context react-native-screens
97
98# 3. (Optional) Common extras
99npx expo install expo-image react-native-reanimated react-native-gesture-handler
100```
101
102Then configure:
103
1041. Set entry point in `package.json`: `"main": "expo-router/entry"`
1052. Add scheme in `app.json`: `"scheme": "my-app"`
1063. Delete `App.tsx` and `index.ts`
1074. Create `app/_layout.tsx` as root Stack layout
1085. Create `app/(tabs)/_layout.tsx` for tab navigation
1096. Create route files in `app/(tabs)/` (see [navigation.md](references/navigation.md))
110
111For web support, also install: `npx expo install react-native-web react-dom @expo/metro-runtime`
112
113## Core Principles
114
115**Consult references before writing**: when implementing navigation, lists, networking, or project setup, read the matching reference file above for patterns and pitfalls.
116
117**Try Expo Go first** (`npx expo start`). Custom builds (`eas build`) only needed when using local Expo modules, Apple targets, or third-party native modules not in Expo Go.
118
119**Conditional rendering**: use `{count > 0 && <Text />}` not `{count && <Text />}` (renders "0").
120
121**Animation rule**: only animate `transform` and `opacity` — GPU-composited, no layout thrash.
122
123**Imports**: always import directly from source, not barrel files — avoids bundle bloat.
124
125**Lists and images**: before using `FlatList` or RN `Image`, check the Component Preferences table above — `FlashList` and `expo-image` are almost always the right choice.
126
127**Route files**: always use kebab-case, never co-locate components/types/utils in `app/`.
128
129## Checklist
130
131### New Project Setup
132- [ ] `tsconfig.json` path aliases configured
133- [ ] `EXPO_PUBLIC_API_URL` env var set per environment
134- [ ] Root layout has `GestureHandlerRootView` (if using gestures)
135- [ ] `contentInsetAdjustmentBehavior="automatic"` on all scroll views
136- [ ] `FlashList` instead of `FlatList` for lists > 20 items
137
138### Before Shipping
139- [ ] Profile in `--profile` mode, fix frames > 16ms
140- [ ] Bundle analyzed (`source-map-explorer`), no barrel imports
141- [ ] R8 enabled for Android
142- [ ] Unit + component tests for critical paths
143- [ ] E2E flows for login, core feature, checkout
144
145---
146
147Flutter development → see `flutter-dev` skill.
148iOS native (UIKit/SwiftUI) → see `ios-application-dev` skill.
149Android native (Kotlin/Compose) → see `android-native-dev` skill.
150
151*React Native is a trademark of Meta Platforms, Inc. Expo is a trademark of 650 Industries, Inc. All other product names are trademarks of their respective owners.*