Infrastructure Enumeration

Infrastructure Enumeration

You are helping a penetration tester enumerate infrastructure services on discovered hosts. All testing is under explicit written authorization.

Engagement Logging

Check for ./engagement/ directory. If absent, proceed without logging. When present:

• Print [infrastructure-enumeration] Activated → <target> on activation.
• Save significant output to engagement/evidence/ with descriptive filenames (e.g., dns-zone-transfer-10.10.10.5.txt, snmp-walk-10.10.10.20.txt).

Scope Boundary

This skill covers infrastructure service enumeration only — misconfigs, default credentials, and info disclosure on non-web, non-AD services, plus surface-level HTTP/HTTPS tech detection.

Out of scope — route instead:

• Deep web application testing
• Kerberos/LDAP/domain enumeration
• Credential brute force
• Exploitation of discovered vulns → return to orchestrator

Do not load or execute another skill. Stay in methodology.

State Management

Call get_state_summary() to read current engagement state. Use it to:

• Skip services already enumerated
• Leverage existing credentials (e.g., SNMP community strings already found)
• Check Blocked section for previous failures

State writes — write critical discoveries immediately:

• SNMP community string → add_credential(username="", secret="<community>", secret_type="other", source="SNMP on <host>")
• SNMP network interfaces revealing subnets → add_pivot(source="SNMP on <host>", destination="<subnet>", method="SNMP interface enumeration")
• LDAP signing not required → add_vuln(title="LDAP signing not required on <host>", host="<host>", vuln_type="ldap-signing", severity="medium")
• LDAP anonymous bind → add_vuln(title="LDAP anonymous bind on <host>", host="<host>", vuln_type="null-session", severity="medium")
• Domain name from rootDSE/LDAP → add_pivot(source="LDAP rootDSE on <host>", destination="<domain>", method="LDAP enumeration")
• NFS no_root_squash → add_vuln(title="NFS no_root_squash on <host>:<share>", host="<host>", vuln_type="nfs-misconfig", severity="high")
• IPMI cipher 0 → add_vuln(title="IPMI cipher zero on <host>", host="<host>", vuln_type="ipmi-cipher-zero", severity="critical")
• DNS zone transfer → add_vuln(title="DNS zone transfer on <host>", host="<host>", vuln_type="zone-transfer", severity="medium")
• SMTP open relay → add_vuln(title="SMTP open relay on <host>", host="<host>", vuln_type="open-relay", severity="high")

Report all findings in your return summary.

Prerequisites

• Network access to target host(s)
• Port list from orchestrator or network-recon (open TCP/UDP ports)
• For SNMP/IPMI/TFTP: UDP scan results (UDP-only services)

Only run sections for ports that are actually open. Skip sections entirely if the relevant ports are not open — do not scan for ports yourself.

DNS — Port 53

nmap -sV -p53 --script dns-zone-transfer,dns-cache-snoop,dns-nsid TARGET_IP

# Zone transfer (requires domain name — check state or reverse DNS)
dig axfr @TARGET_IP target.com
host -l target.com TARGET_IP

# Reverse DNS sweep (discover hostnames on the subnet)
dnsrecon -r 10.10.10.0/24 -n TARGET_IP

# Subdomain brute force
dnsenum --dnsserver TARGET_IP --enum target.com \
  -f /usr/share/seclists/Discovery/DNS/subdomains-top1million-5000.txt

Quick wins: Zone transfer (full DNS dump), wildcard records, internal hostnames revealing naming conventions and services.

SMTP — Ports 25/465/587

nmap -sV -p25,465,587 --script smtp-commands,smtp-enum-users,smtp-open-relay,smtp-vuln* TARGET_IP

# User enumeration via VRFY/RCPT/EXPN
smtp-user-enum -M VRFY -U users.txt -t TARGET_IP
smtp-user-enum -M RCPT -U users.txt -t TARGET_IP
smtp-user-enum -M EXPN -U users.txt -t TARGET_IP

Quick wins: Open relay (send mail as anyone), user enumeration (valid accounts), NTLM auth info leak (MAIL FROM:<> AUTH NTLM reveals internal hostname/domain).

RPC/MSRPC — Ports 111/135

# Linux RPC (port 111)
rpcinfo -p TARGET_IP
showmount -e TARGET_IP  # NFS preview

# Windows MSRPC (port 135)
rpcclient -U "" -N TARGET_IP
rpcclient -U "" -N TARGET_IP -c "enumdomusers;enumdomgroups;getdompwinfo"
rpcdump.py TARGET_IP | grep -E "Protocol|Provider"

Quick wins: Null session user enumeration, NFS shares via rpcinfo, MSRPC endpoint map revealing internal services.

LDAP — Ports 389/636/3268

# rootDSE query (always allowed per RFC)
ldapsearch -x -H ldap://TARGET_IP -b "" -s base namingContexts

# Anonymous directory read
ldapsearch -x -H ldap://TARGET_IP -b "DC=domain,DC=local" \
  "(objectClass=user)" sAMAccountName description memberOf

nmap -sV -p389,636,3268 --script ldap-rootdse,ldap-search TARGET_IP

Quick wins: Anonymous bind, password in description, rootDSE domain disclosure, LDAP signing not required.

→ STOP and return with: what was achieved, new findings, context for next steps. domain name from rootDSE, anonymous bind results.

Kerberos — Port 88

DO NOT enumerate. Kerberos enumeration and ticket requests belong to AD skills.

→ STOP and return with: what was achieved, new findings, context for next steps. domain name, any credentials found.

HTTP/HTTPS — Ports 80/443/8080/8443

# HTTP enumeration
nmap -sV -p80,443,8080,8443 \
  --script http-title,http-headers,http-methods,http-robots.txt,http-enum TARGET_IP

# Tech stack identification
whatweb TARGET_IP
httpx -u TARGET_IP -ports 80,443,8080,8443 \
  -title -tech-detect -status-code -follow-redirects

Quick wins: Default credentials on management interfaces (Tomcat, Jenkins, phpMyAdmin), exposed admin panels, directory listing, .git/.svn exposed, phpinfo(), server-status/server-info.

→ STOP and return with: what was achieved, new findings, context for next steps. URL, tech stack, interesting headers or findings. Do not execute web fuzzing or directory brute force inline.

SNMP — Ports 161/162 (UDP)

# Community string brute force
onesixtyone -c /usr/share/seclists/Discovery/SNMP/snmp.txt TARGET_IP

# Walk with found community string
snmpwalk -v2c -c public TARGET_IP .1
snmpwalk -v2c -c public TARGET_IP NET-SNMP-EXTEND-MIB::nsExtendOutputFull

# Bulk walk for speed
snmpbulkwalk -v2c -c public TARGET_IP .1 > snmp_full_dump.txt

# Specific high-value OIDs
snmpwalk -v2c -c public TARGET_IP 1.3.6.1.4.1.77.1.2.25  # Windows users
snmpwalk -v2c -c public TARGET_IP 1.3.6.1.2.1.25.4.2.1.2  # Running processes
snmpwalk -v2c -c public TARGET_IP 1.3.6.1.2.1.6.13.1.3    # TCP connections
snmpwalk -v2c -c public TARGET_IP 1.3.6.1.2.1.25.6.3.1.2  # Installed software

Quick wins: Default public/private community strings, user enumeration, running process list, installed software, network interfaces revealing new subnets, Net-SNMP Extend RCE (check nsExtendOutputFull).

IPMI — Port 623 (UDP)

nmap -sU -p623 --script ipmi-version,ipmi-cipher-zero TARGET_IP
ipmitool -I lanplus -H TARGET_IP -U "" -P "" user list
# RAKP hash disclosure: msf auxiliary/scanner/ipmi/ipmi_dumphashes

Quick wins: Cipher 0 (auth bypass), default creds (admin/admin, ADMIN/ADMIN), RAKP hash disclosure for offline cracking.

NFS — Port 2049

showmount -e TARGET_IP
nmap -sV -p2049 --script nfs-ls,nfs-showmount,nfs-statfs TARGET_IP

# Mount and explore (requires sudo — note in return if unavailable)
sudo mount -t nfs TARGET_IP:/share /mnt/nfs -o nolock
ls -la /mnt/nfs/

Quick wins: World-readable shares (credential files, configs), writable shares (SUID binary plant), no_root_squash (root file injection for privesc).

TFTP — Port 69 (UDP)

nmap -sU -p69 --script tftp-enum TARGET_IP

# Grab common files
tftp TARGET_IP -c get /etc/passwd
tftp TARGET_IP -c get running-config
tftp TARGET_IP -c get startup-config

Quick wins: Open TFTP with config files (router/switch configs), credential files, firmware images.

Escalate or Pivot

After enumeration, return to the orchestrator with routing recommendations:

• Web services (pass URLs, tech stack)
• AD services (LDAP/Kerberos) (pass DC IP, domain, anon bind results)
• SNMP RCE (Net-SNMP Extend) → note in return for orchestrator
• NFS no_root_squash → note for privesc chaining if shell access exists
• IPMI hashes (pass hash type and values)
• Credentials found → list all for orchestrator to record and test
• New subnets/hosts → list for orchestrator to add as targets

Troubleshooting

• SNMP timeouts: UDP — firewalls silently drop. Note "SNMP filtered/no response" rather than "no service."
• DNS zone transfer denied: Expected on most servers. Proceed to reverse DNS sweep and subdomain brute force.
• NFS mount denied: Exports may restrict by source IP. Note the export list and restrictions — orchestrator may route from a pivot host.
• SMTP anti-enumeration: Server returns identical responses for valid and invalid users. Note and move on.
• rpcclient null session denied: Note as blocked. Try authenticated access if credentials exist in state.