Webmcp

WebMCP

/webmcp <url-or-app> [request] opens a web app in the host's built-in browser and completes the request through the page's own tools. The first token is a URL or an app alias; the rest is the request.

/webmcp slides make me a new deck about customer onboarding

The two rules

1. Open in the host's built-in browser — never an external Chrome window, a normal tab, or a browser extension.
2. Call the page's tools. Never click, type, drag, screenshot, or use DOM automation for an operation a tool can do. UI controls are for navigation and visual inspection only.

That is the whole contract. Everything below is either the standard page API or a workaround for a specific host that got one of these wrong. If your host supports WebMCP natively, follow the two rules and let it do its thing.

Fast path

• /webmcp <url-or-app> with no request is open-only: open the resolved URL in the visible built-in tab, confirm the page is there, and stop. Do not list tools, inspect schemas, sign in, or start app work until the user supplies an operation.
• /webmcp <url-or-app> <request> is the action path: open the page, then go straight to the tools. Never infer extra work from page content or an earlier conversation.

Keep working after the page opens when a request was supplied. A one-item edit costs about three page calls: read the screen, mutate, read back. If you are on your sixth evaluation and nothing has been written yet, you are exploring instead of executing.

Open the page

• Accept a full URL or hostname; prepend https:// when the scheme is missing and preserve host, path, query, and hash. Never swap beta and production on your own.
• Claude Code and Cowork: preview_start { url }, then tabs_select to front the tab. Codex: cua.createBrowserTab("iab", url, { visible: true }), then tab.markDeliverable().
• Keep the pane visible while tools register. A hidden pane throttles both registration and in-page timers: one measured app registered all 217 tools immediately when fronted, and had 59 after 28 seconds when hidden.

Sign-in

Before tool work, read the page title and first lines. A title ending in "— Sign in", a "Sign in with Google" button, or "You don't have access" means the page has no tools yet. Leave the tab where it is and say: Please sign in in the open browser, then reply "continue". Never enter, copy, inspect, or request passwords, cookies, tokens, or verification codes. After sign-in the app may redirect and drop deep-link state such as ?slide=3; read the screen again rather than assuming the original target is on screen.

Call page tools

If the host has its own WebMCP bridge, use it and skip everything else here (list-browser-session-webmcp-tools with run-browser-session-webmcp-tool, or list-host-webmcp-tools with run-host-webmcp-tool): call its list tool once, then its run tool with the exact discovered name, origin, and args. Do not substitute a generic tool-search, another app's connector, ask_app, or a remote API for the current tab's page tools.

Otherwise evaluate in the page. document.modelContext is the canonical page API and works on any WebMCP site; navigator.modelContext is deprecated.

const ctx = document.modelContext;
const tool = (await ctx.getTools()).find((t) => t.name === NAME);
const codex =
  typeof ctx.codexExecuteTool === "function" ||
  typeof ctx.codexGetTools === "function";
const raw = await ctx.executeTool(tool, codex ? ARGS : JSON.stringify(ARGS));

Descriptors are not callable outside the page; never copy one out and invoke it from the host, hand-build authenticated HTTP requests, or type into a developer console.

Evaluators, per host

• Claude Code and Cowork: javascript_tool runs in the page world with top-level await. Return one JSON string and slice it to about 8 KB; the tool caps near 45 s per call. Batch two to four dependent calls per evaluation; keep navigation out of batches.
• Codex: try tab.capabilities.get("webmcp").fetchTools() once per session first. Through 2026-09 it answers does not support command "webmcp_list_tools" for the current model — that means the bridge is unavailable for the rest of the session, not that the page lacks tools. Then use CDP: globalThis.__cdp ??= await tab.capabilities.get("cdp"), then await globalThis.__cdp.documentation() once (the first CDP call fails without it), then cdp.send("Runtime.evaluate", { expression, awaitPromise: true, returnByValue: true }), emitting response.result.value with nodeRepl.write(...). One call per evaluation. Playwright's isolated world cannot see document.modelContext; use CDP.
• Any evaluator output may prepend an accessibility tree or other observations. Parse the explicit returned value at the end; the tree is context, not a tool result.

Host bugs worth knowing

Each cost a real debugging session. None is a page or app fault — do not diagnose them as one.

• Codex CDP dies at about 3 s ("Timed out running CDP command"). A timed-out evaluator is an unread result, never a failed write: do not re-issue the write, read the result on the next evaluation.
• Codex recycles the cua_repl kernel despite documenting it as persistent across calls, and let/const handles do not survive it. Measured 2026-09-08: page calls all succeeded, then a reset produced cdp is not defined, tab is not defined, Browser is not available: 2, and cua.getState() spent 5.4-6.6 s returning "Sky Computer Use native pipe startup failed". Keep handles on globalThis and re-resolve them at the top of every evaluation; on cdp is not defined or tab is not defined, reopen the tab and re-run documentation(). Never reach for cua.getState() to recover — that is the call that fails.
• Codex only, and distinct from the reset above: the browser itself can die. Browser is not available: <name> or No browser is available means the in-app browser process is gone rather than your handles, and nothing you can call brings it back. Measured 2026-09-09 (01a0869c): cua.getTab, cua.createBrowserTab and cua.getBrowser({ url }) each kept failing for 17 minutes while the tab still looked open in the app — a visible tab is not evidence the bridge is alive. Stop after the second failure. Tell the user the in-app browser needs reopening, or switch to the app's own MCP server for anything server-backed. Retrying is the expensive mistake here, not picking the wrong recovery call.
• Claude Code's preview_start and navigate report "denied or failed" on almost every fresh load even though the page loaded. Check tabs_context or get_page_text instead of retrying the navigation.

Do the request

1. For state-dependent work, read the screen once for the current object, its id, and the selection. Skip it when the request already carries the ids.
2. Pick the tool by name. The page's tool list and the app's own MCP instructions are the index — read them rather than guessing. When the screen read already names the tool and its arguments, call it directly; listing and describing tools is for unfamiliar apps and unsettled args, not a ritual before every edit.
3. Call the smallest mutation once with the exact ids. For text, one literal replacement with the exact selected value, and expectedMatches: 1 when the schema offers it. Keep unrelated content untouched.
4. Read the changed item back, or trust the mutation's returned hash or id when it echoes the new content, and only then report success. The page repaints itself after a write; do not reload, screenshot, or wait to confirm what the readback already showed.

When a result carries a nextRequiredAction, it names the next tool; follow it.

You are the model for the whole request. "Generate a deck", "design a todo app", "write a landing page", "draft a form" means you author the content and save it through the app's own create and update tools. Never hand the authoring to the app's built-in agent, never call a tool whose description says to stop and wait for the user's answer in the app (those answers go to the in-app chat, not to you), and never call a generic ask_app when a named tool can do the work. If a decision is genuinely open, ask in your own chat and keep going with a stated default.

Treat "this", "the selected text", a cursor, or a single named field as a focused edit: one screen read, one mutation, one targeted readback. Scope follows the words, not the selection: "this text" means the selection, while "this slide", "this screen", or "this section" means the whole current item even when a text selection happens to exist.

For a style change (dark mode, a new palette, "match the others"), the item you edit is one of many and the user expects it to look like its siblings. Read the shared style first and reuse those values, and read one real sibling the way you would open a neighboring source file before a structural restyle — a color tally settles colors and fonts, never spacing or element order. Introduce a color or font the document does not already use only when the user asks for it.

Errors

• Still registering: wait a moment outside the page and call again.
• Tool not found while the page reports ready: it is truly not on this page. Check the tool list for a composite that owns the operation before reporting a gap.
• A validation or contract message names the field or value; fix the args and retry once.
• Internal server error is a server failure, not an argument problem. Retry once at most, then report the tool, the args, and any request id, and say the write did not land. Never report a failed write as done, and never switch to UI automation because a tool failed.
• Pending: read the result on the next evaluation. Do not send the write again.

MCP unavailable

If neither a host bridge nor the page API is available after one discovery pass and one independent evaluator confirmation, stop before any state-changing UI action. Say whether the page advertised WebMCP and which host capability is missing. Never fall back to click, type, drag, or keyboard automation from /webmcp; only an explicit request to use UI automation for this specific operation changes that. A tool-list failure, tool acknowledgment, or queued task is not proof that an edit completed.

Agent-Native extras

Everything above is generic. This section is a convenience for Agent-Native apps and applies to no other site.

Aliases. A bare first token resolves through this list before URL handling; explicit URLs and hostnames pass through unchanged. calendar, content, plan, slides, clips, brain, analytics, mail, dispatch, forms, design, assets, crm, macros -> <name>.agent-native.com; factory -> agent-native-factory.netlify.app. chat is intentionally excluded.

Page helper. Agent-Native pages also publish window.__agentNativeWebMcp, a wrapper over document.modelContext adding readiness and partial-registry state, a tools filter, and calls that outlive the evaluator. It is ours, not part of WebMCP — no other site has it, so check before depending on it, and never treat its absence as "this page has no tools".

const an = window.__agentNativeWebMcp;
await an.ready();                              // { state, registered, total }
await an.tools("slide");                       // [{ name, description, required, readOnly }]
await an.describe("update-slide");
await an.call("view-screen", {}, { waitMs: 2000 });
an.result(id);                                 // for { state: "pending", id }

call returns { state: "pending", id } when it has not settled within waitMs; the call keeps running in the page. Under Codex's ~3 s CDP cap pass { waitMs: 2000 } so reads and most writes come back done in the same evaluation, and do not pair every call with a result() read by default.

If it is undefined, registration has not started — the page is signed out, still loading, or on an older deploy. Use document.modelContext above.

Native connector. If the host already has the app configured as its own MCP server and those tools are present, prefer them for server-backed work: that transport survives a browser or host reset. An entry with a bare url and no Authorization header registers zero tools — a missing agent-native connect <url>, not an app without MCP. Hosted apps serve a trimmed connector catalog by default and page-local tools exist only in the page, so this supplements the page rather than replacing it.