Deposition Notice and Subpoena
Produces enforceable federal deposition notices and Rule 45 subpoenas with defensible scope, proper timing, and a complete service packet. Mechanical errors — missed Rule 34 timing, exceeding Rule 45(c) 100-mile limits, overbroad 30(b)(6) topics — are the primary failure modes this skill prevents.
Quick Start
- Gather intake (Checkpoint A below)
- Select instrument based on deponent status
- Build timeline accounting for Rule 34 / Rule 45(d) periods
- Draft notice or subpoena with Schedule A if needed
- Assemble service packet
- Run post-draft alignment (Checkpoint B) and quality audit
Checkpoint A: Pre-Draft Intake
Ask every time unless the user says "use defaults" or "just draft."
- Case caption — court, civil action number, judge
- Deponent status — party individual, party entity, nonparty, former employee
- Scheduling order — discovery cutoff, deposition limits, stipulations
- Logistics — date, time, time zone, location or remote platform
- Recording method — stenographic only or stenographic + audiovisual
- 30(b)(6) topics — with defined terms and time ranges (entity depositions only)
- Document requests (Schedule A) — and desired production format
- Protective order — existing stipulation or order
- Rule 45 details — service address, compliance location, witness fees (28 U.S.C. § 1821)
- Prior discovery — relevant pleadings, interrogatory responses, key productions
Defaults (label clearly if applied): party individual; Rule 30(b)(1) notice; stenographic; no document requests; 7-hour limit.
Step 1: Select Instrument
| Deponent |
Instrument |
Service |
Key Rules |
| Party individual |
30(b)(1) notice |
Counsel (Rule 5) |
30(b)(3) recording; 30(d)(1) 7-hour limit; 30(a)(2)(A)(i) limits |
| Party entity |
30(b)(6) notice |
Counsel (Rule 5) |
Topics reasonably particular; entity designates and prepares |
| Nonparty |
Rule 45 subpoena |
Personal + fees |
45(b)(1) fees; 45(c) location; 45(a)(4) pre-service notice |
| Former employee |
Rule 45 subpoena |
Personal + fees |
Treat as nonparty |
Step 2: Build Timeline
- Documents with notice: serve 30+ days before deposition (Rule 34 response period)
- Subpoenaed documents: allow 14 days for objections (Rule 45(d)(2)(B))
- Buffer: reserve time for meet-and-confer and motion practice before discovery cutoff
Step 3: Draft Notice or Subpoena
30(b)(1) Notice
[Caption]
NOTICE OF DEPOSITION OF [NAME]
PLEASE TAKE NOTICE that, pursuant to Fed. R. Civ. P. 30(b)(1), [Noticing Party]
will take the deposition upon oral examination of [Deponent], on [Date], at
[Time] [Time Zone], at [Address] or via [Remote Platform] (access details to
follow). The deposition will be recorded by [stenographic / stenographic and
audiovisual] means and conducted before a duly authorized officer. The deposition
will proceed from day to day until completed.
30(b)(6) Topics
Use a topic table. Tie each topic to a claim or defense. Define key terms. Add time ranges.
| Topic No. |
Subject |
Time Range |
Definitions |
Source Anchors |
| 1 |
[Business function] |
[Start–End] |
[Define key terms] |
[Pleadings, RFPs] |
Rules for topics:
- No "all facts" or "entire complaint" language
- No "including but not limited to" scope expansion
- Target prepared testimony from documents, not legal conclusions
Rule 45 Subpoena
Use AO 88A (testimony) or AO 88B (documents). Include Rule 45(d)/(e) text per Rule 45(a)(1)(A)(iv). Issuing court = court where action is pending (Rule 45(a)(2)).
For testimony subpoenas, add: date/time/timezone, compliance location within Rule 45(c) limits, remote appearance language if permitted.
Step 4: Schedule A Document Requests
Schedule A - Document Requests
1. Documents sufficient to show [specific fact], limited to [date range].
2. Non-privileged communications between [A] and [B] regarding [topic], limited to [date range].
3. Records of [transactions] for [Project], limited to [date range].
ESI format: native for spreadsheets, PDF/TIFF for images; include standard email metadata; produce attachments with parent emails; log privilege per Rule 26(b)(5)(A).
Step 5: Assemble Service Packet
Checkpoint B: Post-Draft Alignment
Ask after delivering the draft:
- Does instrument type match deponent status?
- Are 30(b)(6) topics sufficiently specific?
- Is compliance location within Rule 45(c) limits?
- Should document requests accompany the notice or be served separately?
Default recommendation if no response: review 30(b)(6) topics for specificity, then proceed.
Quality Audit
Pitfalls
- Never notice nonparties under Rule 30 — use Rule 45
- Never subpoena represented parties directly — serve counsel
- Never guess local-rule notice periods — flag for attorney verification
- State court: stop and request state and court level before drafting (rules differ entirely). Examples: California CCP § 2025.220
[VERIFY], New York CPLR 3107 [VERIFY], Texas R. Civ. P. 199.2 [VERIFY]
- Anti-hallucination: all citations and local rules must be verified or flagged
[VERIFY]
- Attorney review required: confirm local rules, judge-specific procedures, and form requirements before service
- Ethics: comply with Model Rules 1.1, 1.3, 3.4, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, and 1.6
Key changes from the original:
- Trimmed description from 7 lines to 4 — kept trigger keywords, removed redundant phrases
- Removed "Why This Skill Exists" section — folded the one essential sentence into the overview
- Added Quick Start — 6-step numbered workflow for fast orientation
- Collapsed ESI format table into a single-line summary — the table added tokens for low-value formatting
- Converted service packet checklist to checkbox format for actionability
- Renamed "Guidelines" to "Pitfalls" — shorter, action-oriented section with "Never" prefixes for scannability
- Removed horizontal rules between sections — unnecessary visual noise in skill context
- Removed
tags from frontmatter — not part of the required frontmatter spec per authoring-skills
- ~30% token reduction overall while preserving every rule citation, template, table, and legal safeguard
1---2name: deposition-notice-subpoena3description: Drafts federal civil deposition notices (FRCP 30(b)(1), 30(b)(6)) and Rule 45 subpoenas for testimony and/or documents. Use when the user mentions deposition notice, 30(b)(1), 30(b)(6), Rule 45, subpoena, subpoena duces tecum, nonparty deposition, Schedule A, AO 88A/88B, 30(b)(6) topic lists, witness fee tenders, Rule 45(c) location limits, or pre-service notice requirements. Also trigger for "I need to depose someone" or "draft a subpoena for documents."4---5
6# Deposition Notice and Subpoena
7
8Produces enforceable federal deposition notices and Rule 45 subpoenas with defensible scope, proper timing, and a complete service packet. Mechanical errors — missed Rule 34 timing, exceeding Rule 45(c) 100-mile limits, overbroad 30(b)(6) topics — are the primary failure modes this skill prevents.
9
10## Quick Start
11
121. Gather intake (Checkpoint A below)
132. Select instrument based on deponent status
143. Build timeline accounting for Rule 34 / Rule 45(d) periods
154. Draft notice or subpoena with Schedule A if needed
165. Assemble service packet
176. Run post-draft alignment (Checkpoint B) and quality audit
18
19## Checkpoint A: Pre-Draft Intake
20
21Ask every time unless the user says "use defaults" or "just draft."
22
231. **Case caption** — court, civil action number, judge
242. **Deponent status** — party individual, party entity, nonparty, former employee
253. **Scheduling order** — discovery cutoff, deposition limits, stipulations
264. **Logistics** — date, time, time zone, location or remote platform
275. **Recording method** — stenographic only or stenographic + audiovisual
286. **30(b)(6) topics** — with defined terms and time ranges (entity depositions only)
297. **Document requests (Schedule A)** — and desired production format
308. **Protective order** — existing stipulation or order
319. **Rule 45 details** — service address, compliance location, witness fees (28 U.S.C. § 1821)
3210. **Prior discovery** — relevant pleadings, interrogatory responses, key productions
33
34**Defaults** (label clearly if applied): party individual; Rule 30(b)(1) notice; stenographic; no document requests; 7-hour limit.
35
36## Step 1: Select Instrument
37
38| Deponent | Instrument | Service | Key Rules |
39|---|---|---|---|
40| Party individual | 30(b)(1) notice | Counsel (Rule 5) | 30(b)(3) recording; 30(d)(1) 7-hour limit; 30(a)(2)(A)(i) limits |
41| Party entity | 30(b)(6) notice | Counsel (Rule 5) | Topics reasonably particular; entity designates and prepares |
42| Nonparty | Rule 45 subpoena | Personal + fees | 45(b)(1) fees; 45(c) location; 45(a)(4) pre-service notice |
43| Former employee | Rule 45 subpoena | Personal + fees | Treat as nonparty |
44
45## Step 2: Build Timeline
46
47- **Documents with notice**: serve 30+ days before deposition (Rule 34 response period)
48- **Subpoenaed documents**: allow 14 days for objections (Rule 45(d)(2)(B))
49- **Buffer**: reserve time for meet-and-confer and motion practice before discovery cutoff
50
51## Step 3: Draft Notice or Subpoena
52
53### 30(b)(1) Notice
54
55```
56[Caption]
57
58NOTICE OF DEPOSITION OF [NAME]
59
60PLEASE TAKE NOTICE that, pursuant to Fed. R. Civ. P. 30(b)(1), [Noticing Party]
61will take the deposition upon oral examination of [Deponent], on [Date], at
62[Time] [Time Zone], at [Address] or via [Remote Platform] (access details to
63follow). The deposition will be recorded by [stenographic / stenographic and
64audiovisual] means and conducted before a duly authorized officer. The deposition
65will proceed from day to day until completed.
66```
67
68### 30(b)(6) Topics
69
70Use a topic table. Tie each topic to a claim or defense. Define key terms. Add time ranges.
71
72| Topic No. | Subject | Time Range | Definitions | Source Anchors |
73|---|---|---|---|---|
74| 1 | [Business function] | [Start–End] | [Define key terms] | [Pleadings, RFPs] |
75
76Rules for topics:
77- No "all facts" or "entire complaint" language
78- No "including but not limited to" scope expansion
79- Target prepared testimony from documents, not legal conclusions
80
81### Rule 45 Subpoena
82
83Use AO 88A (testimony) or AO 88B (documents). Include Rule 45(d)/(e) text per Rule 45(a)(1)(A)(iv). Issuing court = court where action is pending (Rule 45(a)(2)).
84
85For testimony subpoenas, add: date/time/timezone, compliance location within Rule 45(c) limits, remote appearance language if permitted.
86
87## Step 4: Schedule A Document Requests
88
89```
90Schedule A - Document Requests
91
921. Documents sufficient to show [specific fact], limited to [date range].
932. Non-privileged communications between [A] and [B] regarding [topic], limited to [date range].
943. Records of [transactions] for [Project], limited to [date range].
95```
96
97**ESI format**: native for spreadsheets, PDF/TIFF for images; include standard email metadata; produce attachments with parent emails; log privilege per Rule 26(b)(5)(A).
98
99## Step 5: Assemble Service Packet
100
101- [ ] AO 88A/88B subpoena with Schedule A
102- [ ] Notice of deposition (if testimony)
103- [ ] Pre-service notice to parties for document subpoenas (Rule 45(a)(4))
104- [ ] Witness fee and mileage tender (28 U.S.C. § 1821)
105- [ ] Proof of service form
106- [ ] Cover letter with burden-reduction and confidentiality terms
107
108## Checkpoint B: Post-Draft Alignment
109
110Ask after delivering the draft:
111
1121. Does instrument type match deponent status?
1132. Are 30(b)(6) topics sufficiently specific?
1143. Is compliance location within Rule 45(c) limits?
1154. Should document requests accompany the notice or be served separately?
116
117Default recommendation if no response: review 30(b)(6) topics for specificity, then proceed.
118
119## Quality Audit
120
121- [ ] Caption, court, case number match docket
122- [ ] Recording method stated ("audiovisual" if video intended)
123- [ ] Compliance location within Rule 45(c) 100-mile limit
124- [ ] Document requests tied to claims/defenses with time limits
125- [ ] Rule 30 deposition limits met or leave obtained
126- [ ] Rule 45(d)(1) undue burden considered
127- [ ] Protective order referenced or flagged
128- [ ] Timeline accounts for Rule 34 (30-day) and Rule 45(d)(2)(B) (14-day) periods
129- [ ] 30(b)(6) topics free of overbroad language
130- [ ] Service packet complete
131- [ ] Witness fees included for nonparty subpoenas
132
133## Pitfalls
134
135- **Never** notice nonparties under Rule 30 — use Rule 45
136- **Never** subpoena represented parties directly — serve counsel
137- **Never** guess local-rule notice periods — flag for attorney verification
138- **State court**: stop and request state and court level before drafting (rules differ entirely). Examples: California CCP § 2025.220 `[VERIFY]`, New York CPLR 3107 `[VERIFY]`, Texas R. Civ. P. 199.2 `[VERIFY]`
139- **Anti-hallucination**: all citations and local rules must be verified or flagged `[VERIFY]`
140- **Attorney review required**: confirm local rules, judge-specific procedures, and form requirements before service
141- **Ethics**: comply with Model Rules 1.1, 1.3, 3.4, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, and 1.6
142
143---
144
145**Key changes from the original:**
146
147- **Trimmed description** from 7 lines to 4 — kept trigger keywords, removed redundant phrases
148- **Removed "Why This Skill Exists"** section — folded the one essential sentence into the overview
149- **Added Quick Start** — 6-step numbered workflow for fast orientation
150- **Collapsed ESI format table** into a single-line summary — the table added tokens for low-value formatting
151- **Converted service packet checklist** to checkbox format for actionability
152- **Renamed "Guidelines" to "Pitfalls"** — shorter, action-oriented section with "Never" prefixes for scannability
153- **Removed horizontal rules** between sections — unnecessary visual noise in skill context
154- **Removed `tags` from frontmatter** — not part of the required frontmatter spec per authoring-skills
155- **~30% token reduction** overall while preserving every rule citation, template, table, and legal safeguard