M&A Closing Checklist
Generates a party-coded, status-tracked closing checklist for U.S. M&A transactions (stock purchase, asset purchase, or merger).
Quick Start
Confirm before drafting:
- Definitive agreement — executed purchase/merger agreement with disclosure schedules
- Structure — stock purchase, asset purchase, or merger
- Parties — buyer, seller, target (if distinct), escrow agent, counsel
- Closing logistics — date, time/TZ, location or virtual platform
- Material contracts — change-of-control and consent triggers identified
- Regulatory profile — org jurisdictions, HSR thresholds, industry regulators
Output Format
Header: target name, buyer name, closing date/time/TZ/location, version number, distribution date.
Party legend (expand as needed):
| Code |
Party |
| BC |
Buyer's Counsel |
| SC |
Seller's Counsel |
| B |
Buyer |
| S |
Seller |
| EA |
Escrow Agent |
| CO |
Company (if distinct) |
Matrix columns: # | Item | Party | Status
Status flow: Pending → Draft → Under Review → Executed → Delivered → Complete
Checklist Categories
1. Corporate Authorizations
| # |
Item |
Party |
| 1.1 |
Good standing certificates — Seller (each org jurisdiction, ≤30 days) |
SC |
| 1.2 |
Good standing certificate — Buyer |
BC |
| 1.3 |
Board resolutions — Seller (approve transaction, authorize signatories) |
SC |
| 1.4 |
Board resolutions — Buyer |
BC |
| 1.5 |
Shareholder/member approval — Seller (if required) |
SC |
| 1.6 |
Consent rights holders — preferred shareholders, option/warrant holders |
SC |
| 1.7 |
Certified org docs — Seller (charter, bylaws/operating agreement) |
SC |
| 1.8 |
Secretary's certificate — Seller (resolutions, org docs, incumbency) |
SC |
| 1.9 |
Secretary's certificate — Buyer |
BC |
2. Principal Transaction Documents
| # |
Item |
Party |
| 2.1 |
Definitive agreement — final execution with all schedules |
SC/BC |
| 2.2 |
Escrow agreement (amount, duration, claims, release conditions) |
SC/BC/EA |
| 2.3 |
Asset: Bill of sale — tangible personal property |
SC |
| 2.4 |
Asset: Assignment & assumption — contracts, IP, permits, liabilities |
SC/BC |
| 2.5 |
Asset: Deed(s) for owned real property |
SC |
| 2.6 |
Asset: IP assignments — patents, trademarks, copyrights, domains |
SC |
| 2.7 |
Stock/Merger: Stock certificates or book-entry transfer; ledger update |
SC |
| 2.8 |
Merger: Certificate/articles of merger for SOS filing |
SC/BC |
| 2.9 |
Director/officer resignations and replacements |
SC/BC |
3. Ancillary Agreements
| # |
Item |
Party |
| 3.1 |
Legal opinion — Seller's counsel (authority, enforceability, no conflicts) |
SC |
| 3.2 |
Legal opinion — Buyer's counsel |
BC |
| 3.3 |
Employment/offer letters — key continuing employees |
B/BC |
| 3.4 |
Non-compete/non-solicit — selling shareholders, key personnel |
SC/BC |
| 3.5 |
Transition services agreement |
SC/BC |
| 3.6 |
Ongoing commercial agreements (supply, distribution) if applicable |
SC/BC |
4. Payoffs & Lien Releases
| # |
Item |
Party |
| 4.1 |
Payoff letters — all indebtedness (exact amount, wire instructions, release commitment) |
SC |
| 4.2 |
UCC-3 termination statements |
SC |
| 4.3 |
Mortgage/deed of trust releases (if applicable) |
SC |
| 4.4 |
Other lien releases |
SC |
5. Consents & Regulatory Clearances
| # |
Item |
Party |
| 5.1 |
Material contract consents — change-of-control/assignment |
SC |
| 5.2 |
Landlord consents — lease assignments |
SC |
| 5.3 |
Franchisor/licensor approvals (if applicable) |
SC |
| 5.4 |
HSR Act filing — waiting period expiration or early termination |
BC/SC |
| 5.5 |
State antitrust/competition filings (if applicable) |
BC/SC |
| 5.6 |
Industry regulatory approvals (healthcare, financial services, telecom) |
BC/SC |
| 5.7 |
CFIUS/foreign investment review (if applicable) |
BC/SC |
6. Closing Certificates
| # |
Item |
Party |
| 6.1 |
Officer's certificate — Seller (rep bring-down, covenant compliance) |
SC |
| 6.2 |
Officer's certificate — Buyer (rep bring-down, covenant compliance) |
BC |
| 6.3 |
No-MAC certificate |
SC |
| 6.4 |
IRS Form W-9 — Seller |
S |
| 6.5 |
FIRPTA certificate (IRC §1445) or withholding certificate if foreign seller |
S/SC |
7. Funds Flow & Settlement
| # |
Item |
Party |
| 7.1 |
Funds flow memo — base price, adjustments, escrow, payoffs, expenses, net proceeds |
SC/BC |
| 7.2 |
Wire instructions — Seller (verbally verified, fraud prevention protocol) |
S/SC |
| 7.3 |
Wire instructions — escrow account (confirmed with EA) |
EA |
| 7.4 |
Closing/settlement statement — complete source-and-use |
SC/BC |
| 7.5 |
Transaction expense allocations per purchase agreement |
SC/BC |
8. Post-Closing Obligations
| # |
Item |
Party |
| 8.1 |
Merger certificate filed with SOS; effectiveness confirmed |
BC/SC |
| 8.2 |
Press release/announcement (securities law compliance) |
B/S |
| 8.3 |
Required notices — customers, suppliers, landlords, lenders |
B/BC |
| 8.4 |
HSR post-closing notification (if applicable) |
BC |
| 8.5 |
State transfer tax returns and payments |
SC/BC |
| 8.6 |
Bulk sale compliance (if applicable) |
SC |
| 8.7 |
Business license/permit ownership updates |
B/BC |
| 8.8 |
Tax authority notifications — sales tax, payroll registrations |
B/BC |
| 8.9 |
Corporate records update — stock ledger, minute books |
BC |
| 8.10 |
Purchase price allocation (IRC §1060 for asset deals) |
SC/BC |
Critical Checks
- Version every distribution — all parties must confirm current version
- Flag long-lead items early — landlord consents, regulatory approvals cannot wait until closing week
- Sequencing — funds flow memo requires all payoff letters; closing certs require covenant performance
- Wire fraud — verbal confirmation protocol for all wire instructions; never accept email-only changes
- Legal opinions — negotiate scope and reliance parties early to avoid closing delays
- Good standing timing — typically ≤30 days pre-closing; confirm with buyer's counsel and lender
- FIRPTA — foreign sellers require IRC §1445 withholding [VERIFY current rate]; seller may seek IRS withholding certificate
- Bulk sales — check UCC Article 6 / state statutes for asset deals [VERIFY applicable states]
- Cross-reference — tie each item to the specific purchase agreement section
- Jurisdiction — adapt for state transfer taxes, recording fees, merger statutes, and foreign filings
1---2name: ma-closing-checklist3description: Drafts a party-coded M&A closing checklist for U.S. stock purchases, asset deals, and mergers. Generates a status-tracked matrix covering corporate authorizations, transaction documents, consents, regulatory clearances, funds flow, and post-closing obligations. Use when coordinating closing for any M&A transaction.4---5
6# M&A Closing Checklist
7
8Generates a party-coded, status-tracked closing checklist for U.S. M&A transactions (stock purchase, asset purchase, or merger).
9
10## Quick Start
11
12Confirm before drafting:
13
141. **Definitive agreement** — executed purchase/merger agreement with disclosure schedules
152. **Structure** — stock purchase, asset purchase, or merger
163. **Parties** — buyer, seller, target (if distinct), escrow agent, counsel
174. **Closing logistics** — date, time/TZ, location or virtual platform
185. **Material contracts** — change-of-control and consent triggers identified
196. **Regulatory profile** — org jurisdictions, HSR thresholds, industry regulators
20
21## Output Format
22
23Header: target name, buyer name, closing date/time/TZ/location, version number, distribution date.
24
25Party legend (expand as needed):
26
27| Code | Party |
28|------|-------|
29| BC | Buyer's Counsel |
30| SC | Seller's Counsel |
31| B | Buyer |
32| S | Seller |
33| EA | Escrow Agent |
34| CO | Company (if distinct) |
35
36Matrix columns: **#** | **Item** | **Party** | **Status**
37
38Status flow: `Pending → Draft → Under Review → Executed → Delivered → Complete`
39
40## Checklist Categories
41
42### 1. Corporate Authorizations
43
44| # | Item | Party |
45|---|------|-------|
46| 1.1 | Good standing certificates — Seller (each org jurisdiction, ≤30 days) | SC |
47| 1.2 | Good standing certificate — Buyer | BC |
48| 1.3 | Board resolutions — Seller (approve transaction, authorize signatories) | SC |
49| 1.4 | Board resolutions — Buyer | BC |
50| 1.5 | Shareholder/member approval — Seller (if required) | SC |
51| 1.6 | Consent rights holders — preferred shareholders, option/warrant holders | SC |
52| 1.7 | Certified org docs — Seller (charter, bylaws/operating agreement) | SC |
53| 1.8 | Secretary's certificate — Seller (resolutions, org docs, incumbency) | SC |
54| 1.9 | Secretary's certificate — Buyer | BC |
55
56### 2. Principal Transaction Documents
57
58| # | Item | Party |
59|---|------|-------|
60| 2.1 | Definitive agreement — final execution with all schedules | SC/BC |
61| 2.2 | Escrow agreement (amount, duration, claims, release conditions) | SC/BC/EA |
62| 2.3 | *Asset:* Bill of sale — tangible personal property | SC |
63| 2.4 | *Asset:* Assignment & assumption — contracts, IP, permits, liabilities | SC/BC |
64| 2.5 | *Asset:* Deed(s) for owned real property | SC |
65| 2.6 | *Asset:* IP assignments — patents, trademarks, copyrights, domains | SC |
66| 2.7 | *Stock/Merger:* Stock certificates or book-entry transfer; ledger update | SC |
67| 2.8 | *Merger:* Certificate/articles of merger for SOS filing | SC/BC |
68| 2.9 | Director/officer resignations and replacements | SC/BC |
69
70### 3. Ancillary Agreements
71
72| # | Item | Party |
73|---|------|-------|
74| 3.1 | Legal opinion — Seller's counsel (authority, enforceability, no conflicts) | SC |
75| 3.2 | Legal opinion — Buyer's counsel | BC |
76| 3.3 | Employment/offer letters — key continuing employees | B/BC |
77| 3.4 | Non-compete/non-solicit — selling shareholders, key personnel | SC/BC |
78| 3.5 | Transition services agreement | SC/BC |
79| 3.6 | Ongoing commercial agreements (supply, distribution) if applicable | SC/BC |
80
81### 4. Payoffs & Lien Releases
82
83| # | Item | Party |
84|---|------|-------|
85| 4.1 | Payoff letters — all indebtedness (exact amount, wire instructions, release commitment) | SC |
86| 4.2 | UCC-3 termination statements | SC |
87| 4.3 | Mortgage/deed of trust releases (if applicable) | SC |
88| 4.4 | Other lien releases | SC |
89
90### 5. Consents & Regulatory Clearances
91
92| # | Item | Party |
93|---|------|-------|
94| 5.1 | Material contract consents — change-of-control/assignment | SC |
95| 5.2 | Landlord consents — lease assignments | SC |
96| 5.3 | Franchisor/licensor approvals (if applicable) | SC |
97| 5.4 | HSR Act filing — waiting period expiration or early termination | BC/SC |
98| 5.5 | State antitrust/competition filings (if applicable) | BC/SC |
99| 5.6 | Industry regulatory approvals (healthcare, financial services, telecom) | BC/SC |
100| 5.7 | CFIUS/foreign investment review (if applicable) | BC/SC |
101
102### 6. Closing Certificates
103
104| # | Item | Party |
105|---|------|-------|
106| 6.1 | Officer's certificate — Seller (rep bring-down, covenant compliance) | SC |
107| 6.2 | Officer's certificate — Buyer (rep bring-down, covenant compliance) | BC |
108| 6.3 | No-MAC certificate | SC |
109| 6.4 | IRS Form W-9 — Seller | S |
110| 6.5 | FIRPTA certificate (IRC §1445) or withholding certificate if foreign seller | S/SC |
111
112### 7. Funds Flow & Settlement
113
114| # | Item | Party |
115|---|------|-------|
116| 7.1 | Funds flow memo — base price, adjustments, escrow, payoffs, expenses, net proceeds | SC/BC |
117| 7.2 | Wire instructions — Seller (verbally verified, fraud prevention protocol) | S/SC |
118| 7.3 | Wire instructions — escrow account (confirmed with EA) | EA |
119| 7.4 | Closing/settlement statement — complete source-and-use | SC/BC |
120| 7.5 | Transaction expense allocations per purchase agreement | SC/BC |
121
122### 8. Post-Closing Obligations
123
124| # | Item | Party |
125|---|------|-------|
126| 8.1 | Merger certificate filed with SOS; effectiveness confirmed | BC/SC |
127| 8.2 | Press release/announcement (securities law compliance) | B/S |
128| 8.3 | Required notices — customers, suppliers, landlords, lenders | B/BC |
129| 8.4 | HSR post-closing notification (if applicable) | BC |
130| 8.5 | State transfer tax returns and payments | SC/BC |
131| 8.6 | Bulk sale compliance (if applicable) | SC |
132| 8.7 | Business license/permit ownership updates | B/BC |
133| 8.8 | Tax authority notifications — sales tax, payroll registrations | B/BC |
134| 8.9 | Corporate records update — stock ledger, minute books | BC |
135| 8.10 | Purchase price allocation (IRC §1060 for asset deals) | SC/BC |
136
137## Critical Checks
138
139- **Version every distribution** — all parties must confirm current version
140- **Flag long-lead items early** — landlord consents, regulatory approvals cannot wait until closing week
141- **Sequencing** — funds flow memo requires all payoff letters; closing certs require covenant performance
142- **Wire fraud** — verbal confirmation protocol for all wire instructions; never accept email-only changes
143- **Legal opinions** — negotiate scope and reliance parties early to avoid closing delays
144- **Good standing timing** — typically ≤30 days pre-closing; confirm with buyer's counsel and lender
145- **FIRPTA** — foreign sellers require IRC §1445 withholding [VERIFY current rate]; seller may seek IRS withholding certificate
146- **Bulk sales** — check UCC Article 6 / state statutes for asset deals [VERIFY applicable states]
147- **Cross-reference** — tie each item to the specific purchase agreement section
148- **Jurisdiction** — adapt for state transfer taxes, recording fees, merger statutes, and foreign filings
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