Authenticator Management (03.05.12)_authenticator-management

Authenticator Management (03.05.12) Authenticator Management

High-Level Description

Family: Identification and Authentication Framework: NIST SP 800-171 Rev 3 Applicability: Systems processing, storing, or transmitting CUI

Verify the identity of the individual, group, role, service, or device receiving the authenticator as part of the initial authenticator distribution. Establish initial authenticator content for any authenticators issued by the organization. Establish and implement administrative procedures for initial authenticator distribution; for lost, compromised, or damaged authenticators; and for revoking authenticators. Change default authenticators at first use. Change or refresh authenticators [organization-defined] or when the following events occur: [organization-defined]. Protect authenticator content from unauthorized disclosure and modification.

What to Check

• Verify Authenticator Management (03.05.12) Authenticator Management is implemented for CUI systems
• Review SSP documentation for Authenticator Management (03.05.12)
• Validate CMMC Level 2 assessment objective for Authenticator Management (03.05.12)
• Confirm POA&M addresses any gaps for Authenticator Management (03.05.12)

How to Test

Step 1: Review System Security Plan

Examine the SSP for Authenticator Management (03.05.12) implementation description and responsible parties.

Step 2: Assess Implementation

# Verify security controls protecting CUI
# Check access controls, encryption, monitoring as applicable

# For Linux systems:
ls -la /etc/security/ 2>/dev/null
grep -r "CUI\|controlled" /etc/security/ 2>/dev/null

# For cloud:
# Use cloud-audit-mcp tools to assess posture

Step 3: CMMC Assessment Validation

Verify this requirement passes CMMC Level 2 assessment methodology per SP 800-171A Rev 3.

Tools

Remediation Guide

Requirement Statement

Verify the identity of the individual, group, role, service, or device receiving the authenticator as part of the initial authenticator distribution. Establish initial authenticator content for any authenticators issued by the organization. Establish and implement administrative procedures for initial authenticator distribution; for lost, compromised, or damaged authenticators; and for revoking authenticators. Change default authenticators at first use. Change or refresh authenticators [organization-defined] or when the following events occur: [organization-defined]. Protect authenticator content from unauthorized disclosure and modification.

Supplemental Guidance

Authenticators include passwords, cryptographic devices, biometrics, certificates, one-time password devices, and ID badges. The initial authenticator content is the actual content of the authenticator (e.g., the initial password). In contrast, requirements for authenticator content contain specific characteristics. Authenticator management is supported by organization-defined settings and restrictions for various authenticator characteristics (e.g., password complexity and composition rules, validation time window for time synchronous one-time tokens, and the number of allowed rejections during the verification stage of biometric authentication). The requirement to protect individual authenticators may be implemented by 03.15.03 for authenticators in the possession of individuals and by 03.01.01, 03.01.02, 03.01.05, and 03.13.08 for authenticators stored in organizational systems. This includes passwords stored in hashed or encrypted formats or files that contain hashed or encrypted passwords that are accessible with administrator privileges. Actions can be taken to protect authenticators, including maintaining possession of authenticators, not sharing authenticators with others, and immediately reporting lost, stolen, or compromised authenticators. Developers may deliver system components with factory default authentication credentials to allow for initial installation and configuration. Default authentication credentials are often well-known, easily discoverable, and present a significant risk. Authenticator management includes issuing and revoking authenticators for temporary access when they are no longer needed. The use of long passwords or passphrases may obviate the need to periodically change authenticators.

Risk Assessment

CWE Categories

References

• NIST SP 800-171 Rev 3
• NIST SP 800-171A Rev 3 (Assessment)
• CMMC Model Overview
• NIST OSCAL Content

Checklist

• SSP documents Authenticator Management (03.05.12) implementation
• Evidence of operating effectiveness collected
• POA&M addresses any gaps
• CMMC assessment objective met
• Continuous monitoring active