Tui

IMPORTANT: EXECUTION CONTEXT This skill describes what to do — domain patterns and decision-making. It does NOT describe how to call the API.

1. If you have wsh_* tools (check your toolkit for wsh_send_input, wsh_get_screen, etc.): use them directly. Operation names in this skill generally map to tool names (e.g., "send input" → wsh_send_input). When in doubt, list your available wsh_* tools.
2. If you do NOT have wsh_* tools: you are in HTTP/curl fallback mode. DO NOT GUESS endpoints or CLI subcommands. Load the full API reference first: search your workspace for skills/core/ and read SKILL.md. It contains every endpoint with working curl examples and a bootstrap sequence.
3. Quick bootstrap: curl -sf --unix-socket ${XDG_RUNTIME_DIR:-/tmp}/wsh/default.http.sock http://localhost/health — if that fails: wsh server -L agent-$$ --ephemeral & and retry.

wsh:tui — Operating Full-Screen Terminal Applications

Some programs take over the entire terminal — vim, htop, lazygit, k9s, midnight commander. They use the terminal's "alternate screen buffer," a fixed grid where the program controls every character position. This is a fundamentally different interaction model from command-and-response.

Detecting Alternate Screen Mode

When a TUI is active, the screen response includes:

"alternate_active": true

This tells you you're in grid mode. The screen is no longer a log of output — it's a 2D canvas the program redraws at will. Scrollback is irrelevant while alternate screen is active; the program owns the entire display.

When the TUI exits, alternate_active flips back to false and the normal scrollback view resumes exactly where it left off. None of the TUI's screen content leaks into scrollback.

Reading a 2D Grid

In a TUI, screen position matters. A line isn't just text — it's a row in a spatial layout. Use styled format here; formatting carries critical information:

• Bold or highlighted text often marks the selected item
• Color differences distinguish panes, headers, status bars
• Inverse/reverse video typically indicates cursor position or selection
• Dim or faint text marks inactive elements

Read the full screen and interpret it spatially. The first few lines are often a header or menu bar. The last line or two are often a status bar or command input. The middle is content.

Navigation

TUI programs don't use typed commands — they use keystrokes. Every key does something different depending on context. You need to know the program's keybindings.

Universal Navigation Keys

Arrow keys, Page Up/Down, Home/End, Tab (cycle panes), Enter (confirm/open), Escape (cancel/back).

Vim-Style Navigation

Many TUIs adopt vim conventions:

h, j, k, l      # left, down, up, right
g, G             # top, bottom
/                # search
n, N             # next/previous match
q                # quit

Sending Keystrokes

Send one keystroke at a time. Wait briefly between keystrokes to let the TUI redraw — TUIs repaint the screen after each input, and you need the updated screen to know where you are.

send: j          # move down
wait (500ms)
read screen      # see what's selected now
send: j          # move down again
wait (500ms)
read screen      # verify position

This is slower than blasting keys, but reliable. You're navigating blind if you don't read between keystrokes.

Understanding TUI Layouts

When you first enter a TUI, read the full screen and build a mental map. Most TUIs follow common layout patterns:

Typical Structure

+----------------------------------+
| Menu bar / Title bar             |  <- rows 0-1
+----------------------------------+
|                                  |
| Main content area                |  <- middle rows
| (list, editor, dashboard)        |
|                                  |
+----------------------------------+
| Status bar / Help / Command line |  <- last 1-2 rows
+----------------------------------+

Finding Your Bearings

• Status bar (usually bottom): shows mode, filename, position, hints. Read this first — it often tells you everything you need to know about current state.
• Help hints: many TUIs show keybinding hints at the bottom or top. Look for text like q:quit j/k:navigate ?:help or ^X Exit ^O Save.
• The selected item: look for inverse video, bold, or color-highlighted text in the content area. That's your cursor position.
• Pane borders: look for |, -, + characters or box-drawing characters. These indicate split panes. Only one pane is active at a time — Tab or Ctrl+W typically switches between them.

Modals and Dialogs

TUIs often pop up confirmation dialogs or input fields over the main content. These appear as a differently-styled block in the middle of the screen. Look for:

• A bordered box that wasn't there before
• Text like "Are you sure?" or "Enter filename"
• Highlighted buttons like [ OK ] [ Cancel ]

When a modal is active, navigation keys operate on the modal, not the content behind it.

Common Applications

You don't need to memorize every TUI's keybindings. But knowing the basics for frequently encountered programs helps.

Text Editors

vim/neovim: Starts in Normal mode. i to insert text, Esc to return to Normal. :w save, :q quit, :wq both. If lost, press Esc Esc then :q! to quit without saving.

nano: Simpler. Just type to edit. Keybindings shown at bottom. ^ means Ctrl. ^X exits, ^O saves.

Git TUIs

lazygit: Pane-based. Tab switches panes (files, branches, commits). j/k navigates, Enter opens, space stages, c commits, p pushes, q quits.

System Monitors

htop/top: Shows processes. j/k or arrows to navigate, k to kill a process, q to quit. F keys for actions (shown at bottom).

Kubernetes

k9s: Resource browser. : opens command mode for resource type (:pods, :deployments). j/k navigates, Enter drills in, Esc goes back, d describe, l logs.

General Strategy for Unfamiliar TUIs

1. Read the screen — look for help hints at top or bottom
2. Try ? or h — most TUIs open a help screen
3. Try F1 — some use function keys for help
4. Read the help, then press q or Esc to close it
5. If completely stuck: q, Esc, :q, Ctrl+C, Ctrl+Q — try these in order to exit

Exiting a TUI

Getting out is as important as getting in. When you're done with a TUI, you need to return to the normal shell prompt.

Exit Strategies (in order of preference)

1. Use the program's quit command (q, :q, Ctrl+X)
2. Check the status bar for exit hints
3. Press Esc to back out of any modal or sub-mode first
4. If the program won't quit cleanly, Ctrl+C
5. Last resort: Ctrl+Z to suspend, then kill %1

Confirming You're Out

After sending a quit command, wait for idle, then check:

"alternate_active": false

If this is false, you're back in normal mode with your shell prompt. If it's still true, the TUI is still running — your quit command may not have worked, or the program asked for confirmation before exiting.

Pitfalls

Don't type commands into a TUI

A TUI is not a shell. If you send ls -la\n into vim, you'll get those characters inserted into the document. Always know what mode you're in before sending input.

Don't blast keystrokes

TUIs redraw the screen after each input. If you send 10 j keystrokes without reading in between, you won't know where you landed. Navigate one step at a time.

Watch for mode changes

Many TUIs have multiple modes (vim's Normal/Insert/Visual, lazygit's panes). The same key does different things in different modes. Read the screen after each action to confirm you're in the mode you expect.

Alternate screen within alternate screen

If you launch a TUI from within a TUI (e.g., vim from within a file manager), alternate_active is still just true. You need to track the nesting yourself by remembering what you launched and how many layers deep you are.