Dart Add Unit Test

Dart Testing Suite

Contents

• Unit Testing
• Mocking Dependencies
• Test Coverage
• Workflow: Testing Execution

Unit Testing

Utilize package:test as the standard testing library for Dart CLI and backend applications.

• Organize test files to mirror the lib directory structure. Append _test.dart to test files.
• Group related tests using the group() function.
• Use setUp() and tearDown() for shared test state.
• Write pure logic inside Domain/BLoC and extract to static pure functions for 100% unit test coverage.
• Use string interpolation for test group names: group('$ClassName', ...)
• Structure each test using the Arrange-Act-Assert (Given-When-Then) convention:
  • Arrange: Set up mocks, create instances, prepare input data.
  • Act: Call the method under test.
  • Assert: Verify the output or side effects.
• Separate setup from verification to keep tests readable and maintainable.

Mocking Dependencies

mocktail vs mockito Decision

Rule: Default to mocktail (no codegen, faster setup). Use mockito only when you need @GenerateNiceMocks for complex APIs with many overloads.

mocktail Setup (Recommended)

import 'package:mocktail/mocktail.dart';

// Create mock: no code generation needed
class MockUserRepository extends Mock implements UserRepository {}

void main() {
  late MockUserRepository mockRepo;

  setUp(() {
    mockRepo = MockUserRepository();
  });

  test('fetches user successfully', () {
    // Arrange
    when(() => mockRepo.getUser('1'))
        .thenAnswer((_) async => const User(id: '1', name: 'Alice'));

    // Act
    final user = await mockRepo.getUser('1');

    // Assert
    expect(user.name, 'Alice');
    verify(() => mockRepo.getUser('1')).called(1);
  });
}

mockito Setup (Code-Gen)

import 'package:mockito/annotations.dart';
import 'package:mockito/mockito.dart';

@GenerateNiceMocks([MockSpec<UserRepository>()])
import 'user_test.mocks.dart';  // Generated by: dart run build_runner build

Verification APIs

Registering Fallback Values

For methods with custom types as parameters:

setUpAll(() {
  registerFallbackValue(const User(id: '0', name: 'fallback'));
});

Test Coverage

• Target 100% logic coverage for domain models and business logic.
• Run coverage with dart test --coverage=coverage or flutter test --coverage.
• See dart-coverage skill for detailed LCOV/HTML report generation.

Workflow: Testing Execution

Follow this sequential workflow when testing a Dart feature. Copy the checklist to track progress.

Task Progress

• Step 1: Write Unit Tests. Focus on core business logic. Ensure files end with _test.dart.
• Step 2: Generate Mocks. Run dart run build_runner build to generate mocks if using Mockito.
• Step 3: Run Tests. Execute dart test.
• Step 4: Check Coverage. Run dart test --coverage=coverage and verify coverage targets are met.