PASS Score Application for PPGL Malignant Behavior Evaluation
STEP 1 — Gather Information
Collect H&E stained slides of the PPGL specimen and evaluate histopathological features required for PASS score (tumor invasiveness, histologic pattern, nuclear grade, necrosis).
STEP 2 — Rule In / Rule Out
Rule out if specimen is inadequate (e.g., insufficient tissue, artifacts); otherwise, rule in for PASS score calculation.
STEP 3 — Classify or Stratify
Calculate PASS score (sum of points: 0-2 per criterion) and stratify into low (0-3), intermediate (4-6), high (7-10) risk.
STEP 4 — Decide
For low score: recommend routine follow-up; for intermediate/high: recommend additional risk stratification (SDHB testing, extended imaging) and MDT discussion.
Clinical Guardrails / Mimics / Pitfalls
Do not use PASS score in isolation due to weak metastasis correlation and low inter-observer agreement; always combine with SDHB immunohistochemistry, genetic testing, and clinical factors; avoid delaying necessary interventions based solely on low PASS score.
Concrete Clinical Example
A 50-year-old with incidentally found adrenal mass. Histology: minimal vascular invasion (1 point), nested pattern (0 points), mild nuclear atypia (0 points), no necrosis (0 points). PASS score = 1 (low). Decision: Routine follow-up with annual plasma-free metanephrines and abdominal MRI for 10 years, but SDHB immunostaining performed due to family history (negative), reinforcing low-risk assessment.
Source: Japan Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline for the Diagnosis and Management of Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma 2025, Japan Endocrine Society, 2025, doi:10.1507/endocrj.EJ25-0165
TODO: consider adding scripts/calc.py for the ppgl-pass-score-application calculator