ERP-CORE-DEV Database Migration
Guide migration strategies across all supported languages and frameworks.
Tool Selection
- Java: Flyway (SQL-first) or Liquibase (multi-format, rollback support)
- .NET: EF Migrations or DbUp (SQL scripts) or Fluent Migrator
- Node.js: Prisma Migrate, Knex, or TypeORM migrations
- Python: Alembic (SQLAlchemy) or Django Migrations
- Ruby: ActiveRecord Migrations (change/up/down methods)
- PHP: Doctrine Migrations or Phinx
Zero-Downtime (Expand-Contract)
- Expand: add new column nullable, deploy app reading both old+new
- Backfill: batch UPDATE in background job
- Switch: add NOT NULL, deploy app using new column only
- Contract: drop old column in subsequent migration
Checks
- Every migration has rollback (compensating forward migration if tool lacks undo)
- No column drop in same release as app change
- No NOT NULL without default on existing table (locks)
- Idempotent seeds with ON CONFLICT DO NOTHING / MERGE
- Version naming: sortable prefix + descriptive name
- CI runs migrations against production schema snapshot before deploy
Arguments
<migration-file-or-directory>: Path to migration files