Run Tests

Run .NET Tests

Detect the test platform and framework, run tests, and apply filters using dotnet test.

When to Use

• User wants to run tests in a .NET project
• User needs to run a subset of tests using filters
• User needs help detecting which test platform (VSTest vs MTP) or framework is in use
• User wants to understand the correct filter syntax for their setup

When Not to Use

• User needs to write or generate test code (use general coding assistance)
• User needs CI/CD pipeline configuration (use CI-specific skills)
• User needs to debug a test (use debugging skills)

Inputs

Workflow

Quick Reference

Detection files to always check (in order): global.json → .csproj → Directory.Build.props → Directory.Packages.props

Step 1: Detect the test platform and framework

Determine which test platform (VSTest or Microsoft.Testing.Platform) and which test framework (MSTest, xUnit, NUnit, TUnit) the project uses.

Detecting the test framework

Read the .csproj file and Directory.Build.props / Directory.Packages.props (for centrally managed dependencies) and look for:

Detecting the test platform

The detection logic depends on the .NET SDK version. Run dotnet --version to determine it.

.NET SDK 10+

On .NET 10+, the global.json test.runner setting is the authoritative source:

• If global.json contains "test": { "runner": "Microsoft.Testing.Platform" } → MTP
• If global.json has "runner": "VSTest", or no test section exists → VSTest

Important: On .NET 10+, <TestingPlatformDotnetTestSupport> alone does not switch to MTP. The global.json runner setting takes precedence. If the runner is VSTest (or unset), the project uses VSTest regardless of TestingPlatformDotnetTestSupport.

.NET SDK 8 or 9

On older SDKs, check these signals in priority order:

1. Check the <TestingPlatformDotnetTestSupport> MSBuild property. Look in the .csproj, Directory.Build.props, and Directory.Packages.props. If set to true in any of these files, the project uses MTP.

Critical: Always read Directory.Build.props and Directory.Packages.props if they exist. MTP properties are frequently set there instead of in the .csproj, so checking only the project file will miss them.

2. Check project-level signals:

Note: The presence of Microsoft.NET.Test.Sdk does not necessarily mean VSTest. Some frameworks (e.g., MSTest) pull it in transitively for compatibility, even when MTP is enabled. Do not use this package as a signal on its own — always check the MTP signals above first.

Key distinction: VSTest is the classic platform that uses vstest.console under the hood. Microsoft.Testing.Platform (MTP) is the newer, faster platform. Both can be invoked via dotnet test, but their filter syntax and CLI options differ.

Step 2: Run tests

VSTest (any .NET SDK version)

dotnet test [<PROJECT> | <SOLUTION> | <DIRECTORY> | <DLL> | <EXE>]

Common flags:

MTP with .NET SDK 8 or 9

With <TestingPlatformDotnetTestSupport>true</TestingPlatformDotnetTestSupport>, dotnet test bridges to MTP but uses VSTest-style argument parsing. MTP-specific arguments must be passed after --:

dotnet test [<PROJECT> | <SOLUTION> | <DIRECTORY> | <DLL> | <EXE>] -- <MTP_ARGUMENTS>

MTP with .NET SDK 10+

With the global.json runner set to Microsoft.Testing.Platform, dotnet test natively understands MTP arguments without --:

dotnet test
    [--project <PROJECT_OR_DIRECTORY>]
    [--solution <SOLUTION_OR_DIRECTORY>]
    [--test-modules <EXPRESSION>]
    [<MTP_ARGUMENTS>]

Examples:

# Run all tests in a project
dotnet test --project path/to/MyTests.csproj

# Run all tests in a directory containing a project
dotnet test --project path/to/

# Run all tests in a solution (sln, slnf, slnx)
dotnet test --solution path/to/MySolution.sln

# Run all tests in a directory containing a solution
dotnet test --solution path/to/

# Run with MTP flags
dotnet test --project path/to/MyTests.csproj --report-trx --blame-hang-timeout 5min

Note: The .NET 10+ dotnet test syntax does not accept a bare positional argument like the VSTest syntax. Use --project, --solution, or --test-modules to specify the target.

Common MTP flags

These flags apply to MTP on both SDK versions. On SDK 8/9, pass after --; on SDK 10+, pass directly.

Built-in flags (always available):

Extension-dependent flags (require the corresponding extension package to be registered):

Some frameworks (e.g., MSTest) bundle common extensions by default. Others may require explicit package references. If a flag is not recognized, check that the corresponding extension package is referenced in the project.

Alternative MTP invocations

MTP test projects are standalone executables. Beyond dotnet test, they can be run directly:

# Build and run
dotnet run --project <PROJECT_PATH>

# Run a previously built DLL
dotnet exec <PATH_TO_DLL>

# Run the executable directly (Windows)
<PATH_TO_EXE>

These alternative invocations accept MTP command line arguments directly (no -- separator needed).

Step 3: Run filtered tests

The filter syntax depends on the platform and test framework.

VSTest filters (MSTest, xUnit, NUnit on VSTest)

dotnet test --filter <EXPRESSION>

Expression syntax: <Property><Operator><Value>[|&<Expression>]

Operators:

Combinators: | (OR), & (AND). Parentheses for grouping: (A|B)&C

Supported properties by framework:

An expression without an operator is treated as FullyQualifiedName~<value>.

Examples (VSTest):

# Run tests whose name contains "LoginTest"
dotnet test --filter "Name~LoginTest"

# Run a specific test class
dotnet test --filter "ClassName=MyNamespace.MyTestClass"

# Run tests in a category
dotnet test --filter "TestCategory=Integration"

# Exclude a category
dotnet test --filter "TestCategory!=Slow"

# Combine: class AND category
dotnet test --filter "ClassName=MyNamespace.MyTestClass&TestCategory=Unit"

# Either of two classes
dotnet test --filter "ClassName=MyNamespace.ClassA|ClassName=MyNamespace.ClassB"

MTP filters — MSTest and NUnit

MSTest and NUnit on MTP use the same --filter syntax as VSTest (same properties, operators, and combinators). The only difference is how the flag is passed:

# .NET SDK 8/9 (after --)
dotnet test -- --filter "Name~LoginTest"

# .NET SDK 10+ (direct)
dotnet test --filter "Name~LoginTest"

MTP filters — xUnit (v3)

xUnit v3 on MTP uses framework-specific filter flags instead of the generic --filter expression:

Multiple values can be specified with a single flag: --filter-class Foo Bar.

# .NET SDK 8/9
dotnet test -- --filter-class "MyNamespace.LoginTests"

# .NET SDK 10+
dotnet test --filter-class "MyNamespace.LoginTests"

# Combine: namespace + trait
dotnet test --filter-namespace "MyApp.Tests.Integration" --filter-trait "Category=Smoke"

MTP filters — TUnit

TUnit uses --treenode-filter with a path-based syntax:

--treenode-filter "/<Assembly>/<Namespace>/<ClassName>/<TestName>"

Wildcards (*) are supported in any segment. Filter operators can be appended to test names for property-based filtering.

Examples (TUnit):

# All tests in a class
dotnet run --treenode-filter "/*/*/LoginTests/*"

# A specific test
dotnet run --treenode-filter "/*/*/*/AcceptCookiesTest"

# By namespace prefix (wildcard)
dotnet run --treenode-filter "/*/MyProject.Tests.Api*/*/*"

# By custom property
dotnet run --treenode-filter "/*/*/*/*[Category=Smoke]"

# Exclude by property
dotnet run --treenode-filter "/*/*/*/*[Category!=Slow]"

# OR across classes
dotnet run --treenode-filter "/*/*/(LoginTests)|(SignupTests)/*"

# Combined: namespace + property
dotnet run --treenode-filter "/*/MyProject.Tests.Integration/*/*/*[Priority=Critical]"

Validation

• Test platform (VSTest or MTP) was correctly identified
• Test framework (MSTest, xUnit, NUnit, TUnit) was correctly identified
• Correct dotnet test invocation was used for the detected platform and SDK version
• Filter expressions used the syntax appropriate for the platform and framework
• Test results were clearly reported to the user

Common Pitfalls