Building Canvases

Building canvases

A canvas is a client-side browser application that runs in a sandboxed iframe inside PostHog. Its source lives in PostHog — not in a repository — and you read and write it through the canvas-* tools. Never write a canvas to a local file; publishing through the tool is what saves it.

Canvas work can start from any ordinary task. A dedicated canvas mode or pre-created canvas is not required. When the user asks for a board, document, form, visualization, or small app that should live in PostHog, treat that as a canvas request and follow this skill.

This skill owns freeform canvases (standalone apps). Two other canvas kinds exist: grid canvases (widget grids, including the user's home canvas) and component canvases (reusable widgets grids place). When the target is a grid or home canvas, a placement, or a reusable widget/component, load composing-grid-canvases instead — it owns the store search → configure → fork → build ladder and the layout patch loop. Authoring a component's source still uses the implementation companions below.

Resolve the target canvas

• If the task names a canvas id (canvas-initiated tasks do), that is the target. Do not create another.
• Otherwise the target channel is the one the task was created in — named in the task's context (the channel_context block or the generation instructions). List that channel's canvases with canvas-list (scope with channel). If one is clearly what the request refers to — an earlier iteration of the same board or tool — build on it instead of creating a near-duplicate, and say so in your reply so the user knows where the result landed.
• Only when nothing existing fits, create one with canvas-create in that same channel, named with a short descriptive title drawn from the request — never "Untitled canvas".
• Never survey channels to choose a target yourself: use channel-list only to resolve a channel the USER named to its id. Its listing puts the personal #me channel first, and #me is never a default — a canvas filed there is invisible to everyone else. If the task names neither a canvas nor a channel, ask which channel to use instead of guessing.

Load the companion skills for the implementation

This skill owns canvas selection and the authoring lifecycle. The companion skills hold the implementation contracts. Load every companion that applies before writing source:

• building-react-quill-canvases for dashboards, data boards, forms, tools, application-like state, or anything that should look native to PostHog. It owns allowed imports, Quill composition, theming, charts, loading and error states, and the date picker.
• building-html-canvases for documents, articles, focused experiments, generative graphics, <canvas>, or WebGL work where application components add no useful structure. It owns semantic markup, direct browser APIs, animation cleanup, and non-Quill theming.
• querying-canvas-data whenever the canvas reads PostHog data, captures events, or navigates. It owns the ph SDK, saved-insight preference, result shapes, variables, date ranges, progressive per-query loading, and declared data capabilities. Load it alongside either implementation skill when data is involved.
• validating-and-publishing-canvases for every canvas. It owns project shape, capability declarations, validation diagnostics, guarded publishes, drafts, builds, and conflict recovery.

Mix implementation approaches when appropriate: React can own application chrome while browser graphics code owns a canvas element, or a mostly static page can mount one interactive island.

This is a judgment call, not a persisted mode — ask the user only when the choice changes a user-visible requirement you cannot infer.

Images

Use public media library URLs for images in a canvas. Call posthog:media-images-list with purpose="canvas" first and reuse a suitable image when one already exists.

To add a local image:

1. Call posthog:media-image-upload-start with the file name and purpose="canvas".
2. From a shell, POST the file to the returned upload_url as multipart form data. Include every returned form_fields entry and put the file part last.
3. Call posthog:media-image-upload-complete with the returned id and use its permanent url as the image src.
4. Add the URL's exact origin to project.capabilities.network.origins. Canvas validation checks this declaration, and the published artifact uses it in its Content Security Policy.

Canvas media URLs are public and do not require authentication. Never upload secrets, credentials, customer data, or sensitive screenshots. Images must be under 4 MB and decode as PNG, JPEG, GIF, WebP, AVIF, or BMP. Never base64-encode image bytes into a tool call.

Common request patterns

Use these as routing examples, not fixed templates:

• Product dashboard, web analytics board, or metric explorer: React + Quill plus data querying.
• Checklist, form, or lightweight workflow: React + Quill, plus data querying for PostHog reads, event capture, or navigation. For a checklist or runbook specifically, start from the worked example in building-react-quill-canvases (references/checklist-example.md) — team-shared progress via per-step ph.state keys. Do not imply persistence that the available APIs do not provide.
• Document or narrative report: HTML for a mostly static reading experience; React + Quill plus data querying when it needs live PostHog data, filters, or application-like interactions.
• Generative graphic or animation: HTML and browser graphics APIs. Add React only when it materially simplifies application state or chrome.

When the task carries a legacy requested pattern such as dashboard or web-analytics, apply the matching shape above. The pattern is a hint; the user's actual request remains authoritative.

The iteration loop

1. Read the current source and version pointer with canvas-source-retrieve. Remember current_version_id — your publish must be guarded on it.
2. Edit the project files using the implementation companions selected above. For any PostHog data the canvas shows, follow querying-canvas-data (saved insights loaded via the ph SDK — never fetch or your own PostHog client), make every figure verifiable — an insight-backed metric links its saved insight in PostHog, an ad-hoc query shows the exact query that ran, per that skill's "Verifiability" section — and declare every ph call in project.capabilities (insight short ids in capabilities.posthog.insights, captured events in captureEvents, inlineQueries: true for ad-hoc queries, and agentRequests: true for ph.agent.request) — the host enforces these at runtime and validation rejects undeclared calls.
3. Follow validating-and-publishing-canvases: validate with canvas-validate-create as often as needed and fix every error-severity diagnostic.
4. Save the project by publishing it — publishing is the default and goes live at once:
   • First version (current_version_id is null): publish the complete project with canvas-publish-create, passing expected_current_version_id: null.
   • Already live (current_version_id is set): publish per-file changes with canvas-edit-create, or the complete project with canvas-publish-create, passing the live current_version_id as expected_current_version_id.
   • Stage a draft with canvas-draft-create only when the user asked for a draft, a preview, or a review step before going live. Follow the validating-and-publishing-canvases skill for diagnostics and conflict recovery.
5. Wait for the build — drafts and publishes alike queue one. Poll canvas-builds-retrieve (every few seconds, up to ~2 minutes) until your build is ready or failed. On failed, read the build's error diagnostics, fix the project, and save again — do not finish the task with a failed build.

Save once per requested change, when the canvas is ready — not after every micro-edit. When the user asked for a draft, end your reply by saying a draft is ready to preview and promote; the validating-and-publishing-canvases skill covers the draft → build → preview → promote flow.

End your reply by naming the channel the canvas is in and linking it with the url field the canvas tools return (canvas-create, canvas-list, and the publish/source responses carry it). That field is the only valid link to a canvas — never construct one yourself; guessed URLs (project pages, web routes) do not resolve.

Runtime memory and actions

• ph.state — durable key-value memory: ph.state.get(key, { scope }), ph.state.set(key, value, { scope }) (a null value deletes the key), ph.state.list({ scope }). Scope "user" (the default) is private to each viewer; "shared" is one value per canvas, visible to the whole team. Declare the scopes you use in capabilities.posthog.state. Values are JSON, capped at 64 KB serialized and 256 keys per scope — store big data in PostHog (insights, the warehouse) and reference it. Never put secrets or viewer PII in state.

• ph.actions.invoke(verb, payload) — write into PostHog as the viewer. Declare every verb in capabilities.posthog.actions; undeclared or unregistered verbs fail validation and the host refuses them at runtime. Wire actions to explicit user gestures (a button the viewer clicks), never to load or render. The registry is the source of truth: list it with the canvases-actions-retrieve tool and follow each verb's usage (payload/result shape, behavior, and the confirmation copy it warrants) before wiring it.

• ph.agent.request(prompt) — ask the canvas's authoring agent for a change, with the viewer's approval. Declare agentRequests: true in capabilities.posthog. Call it only from a direct click or form submission — the host shows the exact prompt and asks the viewer to accept before spending compute, and rejects calls made during render, mount, or polling. The agent publishes the change as a new version; a non-creator's request is filed in the authoring task's thread instead of starting a run.

Source-project shape

• Keep index.html as the entry shell returned by the source tool.
• src/canvas.tsx remains the conventional React entry component, but it may import additional relative TypeScript, TSX, JavaScript, JSON, SVG, CSS, and admitted asset files from the project.
• Self-contained module workers may be imported with ./worker.ts?worker. A worker must not import another local module.
• Use the public media library flow above for images. Other binary assets belong in the project's assets map as base64 content with an admitted content type. WOFF/WOFF2, WebAssembly, and generic octet-stream assets are supported.
• Keep the platform dependency map exactly as returned. Do not add npm packages; local relative imports are project files, while bare imports remain limited to the platform-pinned set.