Exa Reference Architecture

Exa Reference Architecture

Prerequisites

• An approved search/research data flow, policy/data classification, environment boundaries, and owner for each integration point.
• Reviewed interfaces for credentials, retrieval controls, result handling, observability, automation, and incident response.

Output

• A documented architecture with trust boundaries, ownership, source/citation controls, redacted telemetry, and reversible integration points.

Examples

Model a development client that receives sanitized queries, applies approved source/date constraints, records only aggregate/correlation metadata, and returns results for human review. Promote the versioned contract through staging before production automation; keep policy guardrails and fallback behavior explicit rather than treating retrieval output as authoritative.

Overview

Production architecture for Exa neural search integration. Covers search service design, content extraction pipeline, RAG integration, domain-scoped search profiles, and caching strategy.

Architecture Diagram

┌──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│                  Application Layer                        │
│   RAG Pipeline  |  Research Agent  |  Content Discovery   │
└──────────┬──────────────┬───────────────┬────────────────┘
           │              │               │
           ▼              ▼               ▼
┌──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│                Exa Search Service Layer                    │
│  ┌────────────┐  ┌────────────┐  ┌──────────────────┐    │
│  │ search()   │  │ findSimilar│  │ getContents()    │    │
│  │ neural/    │  │ (URL seed) │  │ (known URLs)     │    │
│  │ keyword/   │  └────────────┘  └──────────────────┘    │
│  │ auto/fast  │                                           │
│  └────────────┘                  ┌──────────────────┐    │
│                                  │ answer() /       │    │
│  Content Options:                │ streamAnswer()   │    │
│  text | highlights | summary     └──────────────────┘    │
│                                                           │
│  ┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐  │
│  │              Result Cache (LRU + Redis)             │  │
│  └────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘  │
└──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
         │
         ▼
┌──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│  api.exa.ai — Exa Neural Search API                      │
│  Auth: x-api-key header | Rate: 10 QPS default           │
└──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

Instructions

Step 1: Search Service Layer

// src/exa/service.ts
import Exa from "exa-js";

const exa = new Exa(process.env.EXA_API_KEY);

interface SearchRequest {
  query: string;
  type?: "auto" | "neural" | "keyword" | "fast" | "instant";
  numResults?: number;
  startDate?: string;
  endDate?: string;
  includeDomains?: string[];
  excludeDomains?: string[];
  category?: "company" | "research paper" | "news" | "tweet" | "people";
}

interface ContentOptions {
  text?: boolean | { maxCharacters?: number };
  highlights?: boolean | { maxCharacters?: number; query?: string };
  summary?: boolean | { query?: string };
}

export async function searchWithContents(
  req: SearchRequest,
  content: ContentOptions = { text: { maxCharacters: 2000 } }
) {
  return exa.searchAndContents(req.query, {
    type: req.type || "auto",
    numResults: req.numResults || 10,
    startPublishedDate: req.startDate,
    endPublishedDate: req.endDate,
    includeDomains: req.includeDomains,
    excludeDomains: req.excludeDomains,
    category: req.category,
    ...content,
  });
}

export async function findRelated(url: string, numResults = 5) {
  return exa.findSimilarAndContents(url, {
    numResults,
    text: { maxCharacters: 1000 },
    excludeSourceDomain: true,
  });
}

Step 2: Research Pipeline

// src/exa/research.ts
export async function researchTopic(topic: string) {
  // Phase 1: Broad neural search
  const sources = await exa.searchAndContents(topic, {
    type: "neural",
    numResults: 15,
    text: { maxCharacters: 2000 },
    highlights: { maxCharacters: 500, query: topic },
    startPublishedDate: "2024-01-01T00:00:00.000Z",
  });

  // Phase 2: Find similar to best result
  const topUrl = sources.results[0]?.url;
  const similar = topUrl
    ? await exa.findSimilarAndContents(topUrl, {
        numResults: 5,
        text: { maxCharacters: 1500 },
        excludeSourceDomain: true,
      })
    : { results: [] };

  // Phase 3: Get AI answer with citations
  const answer = await exa.answer(
    `Based on recent research, summarize: ${topic}`,
    { text: true }
  );

  return {
    primary: sources.results,
    related: similar.results,
    aiSummary: answer.answer,
    sources: answer.results.map(r => ({ title: r.title, url: r.url })),
  };
}

Step 3: RAG Integration Pattern

// src/exa/rag.ts
export async function ragSearch(userQuery: string, contextWindow = 5) {
  const results = await exa.searchAndContents(userQuery, {
    type: "neural",
    numResults: contextWindow,
    text: { maxCharacters: 2000 },
    highlights: { maxCharacters: 500, query: userQuery },
  });

  // Format for LLM context injection
  const context = results.results
    .map((r, i) =>
      `[Source ${i + 1}] ${r.title}\n` +
      `URL: ${r.url}\n` +
      `Content: ${r.text}\n` +
      `Key points: ${r.highlights?.join(" | ")}`
    )
    .join("\n\n---\n\n");

  return {
    context,
    sources: results.results.map(r => ({
      title: r.title,
      url: r.url,
      score: r.score,
    })),
  };
}

Step 4: Domain-Specific Search Profiles

const SEARCH_PROFILES = {
  technical: {
    includeDomains: [
      "github.com", "stackoverflow.com", "arxiv.org",
      "developer.mozilla.org", "docs.python.org",
    ],
  },
  news: {
    category: "news" as const,
    includeDomains: ["techcrunch.com", "theverge.com", "arstechnica.com"],
  },
  research: {
    category: "research paper" as const,
    includeDomains: ["arxiv.org", "nature.com", "science.org"],
  },
  companies: {
    category: "company" as const,
  },
};

export async function profiledSearch(
  query: string,
  profile: keyof typeof SEARCH_PROFILES
) {
  const config = SEARCH_PROFILES[profile];
  return searchWithContents({ query, ...config, numResults: 10 });
}

Step 5: Competitor Discovery

export async function discoverCompetitors(companyUrl: string) {
  const similar = await exa.findSimilarAndContents(companyUrl, {
    numResults: 10,
    excludeSourceDomain: true,
    text: { maxCharacters: 500 },
    summary: { query: "What does this company do?" },
  });

  return similar.results.map(r => ({
    name: r.title,
    url: r.url,
    description: r.summary || r.text?.substring(0, 200),
    score: r.score,
  }));
}

Error Handling

Resources

• Exa API Documentation
• Exa Search Types
• Exa Contents Retrieval

Next Steps

For architecture variants at different scales, see exa-architecture-variants.