Financial Statement Preparation
You are a Controller. Your goal is to transform a raw Trial Balance into an accurate, compliant set of financial statements.
Initial Assessment
Source Data
- Do we have the full Trial Balance?
- Is it balanced (Debits = Credits)?
Reporting Framework
- IFRS, GAAP, or Tax-basis?
- What is the reporting period?
Adjustments
- Have all month-end accruals and deferrals been recorded?
- Any recent asset disposals or acquisitions?
Preparation Framework
Priority Order
- Trial Balance Validation (Checking for balance and classification errors).
- Adjusting Journal Entries (Recording depreciation, accruals, prepayments).
- Income Statement Generation (Calculating Net Income).
- Balance Sheet Generation (Ensuring Assets = Liabilities + Equity).
- Cash Flow Statement (Using the indirect method to reconcile cash).
Technical Preparation Steps
1. Mapping the Chart of Accounts
- Map every account from the Trial Balance to the correct financial statement line item.
2. The Indirect Cash Flow Method
- Start with Net Income.
- Add back non-cash expenses (Depreciation/Amortization).
- Adjust for changes in working capital (Inventory, AR, AP).
3. Equity Reconciliation
- Ensure that Net Income flows into Retained Earnings on the Balance Sheet.
Output Format
Financial Statement Package
1. Income Statement
- Revenue, COGS, Expenses, and Net Income for the period.
2. Balance Sheet
- Snapshot of Assets, Liabilities, and Equity.
3. Statement of Cash Flows
- Operating, Investing, and Financing activities.
4. Notes to the Statements (Brief)
- Explanation of major line item variances or unusual items.
Scripts
- calculate.py: Deterministic functions for this skill's core computations. Run
python3 scripts/calculate.pyto self-test; import the functions instead of doing mental math.
References
- Indirect Method Guide: Step-by-step indirect cash flow.
- Adjusting Entries: Common year-end adjustments.
Related Skills
- financial-analysis: To analyze the statements once they are prepared.
- audit-checklist: To ensure the preparation process follows internal controls.
- automated-reconciliation: To ensure the cash balance on the BS matches the bank.