Authentication

Authentication Skill

Implement authentication and authorization systems.

When to Use

Use this skill when the user wants to:

• Implement user authentication
• Create login/register flows
• Manage sessions
• Implement JWT tokens
• Add OAuth/Social login
• Handle password reset
• Implement role-based access control

Authentication Methods

Session-based

• Cookies: Server-side sessions
• Tokens: Client-side sessions
• JWT (JSON Web Token): Stateless authentication

OAuth/OIDC

• Google OAuth: Social login
• GitHub OAuth: Developer tools
• OAuth 2.0: Generic authorization
• OpenID Connect: Identity layer on top of OAuth

Common Patterns

Password Hashing

// Hash password
const hashedPassword = await bcrypt.hash(password, 10);

// Verify password
const isValid = await bcrypt.compare(inputPassword, hashedPassword);

JWT Implementation

// Generate token
const token = jwt.sign(
  { userId: user.id, role: user.role },
  process.env.JWT_SECRET,
  { expiresIn: '1d' }
);

// Verify token
const decoded = jwt.verify(token, process.env.JWT_SECRET);

Session Management

// Set session
req.session.userId = user.id;
req.session.userRole = user.role;

// Check session
if (!req.session.userId) {
  return res.redirect('/login');
}

Security Best Practices

Password Security

• Never store plain text passwords
• Use strong hashing: bcrypt, argon2, scrypt
• Salting: Unique salt per password
• Complexity requirements: Minimum length, character types

JWT Security

• Short expiration: 15-60 minutes
• Refresh tokens: Longer-lived for refresh
• HttpOnly cookies: Prevent XSS
• Secure flag: HTTPS only
• SameSite: CSRF protection

Session Security

• Secure cookies: HTTPS only
• HttpOnly: Prevent client-side access
• SameSite: CSRF protection
• Secure identifiers: Random, unpredictable IDs

Rate Limiting

• Limit login attempts: Prevent brute force
• Rate limit endpoints: Prevent abuse
• Implement on auth endpoints

OAuth Flows

Authorization Code Flow

1. Redirect user to OAuth provider
2. User authenticates
3. Provider redirects back with code
4. Exchange code for access token
5. Get user profile
6. Create local user session

Implicit Flow (deprecated)

PKCE Flow (recommended for mobile/public)

Email Authentication

Password Reset

// Generate reset token
const resetToken = crypto.randomBytes(32).toString('hex');

// Send email
await sendEmail({
  to: user.email,
  subject: 'Password Reset',
  html: `Click <a href="${resetUrl}">here</a> to reset your password`
});

Email Verification

// Send verification email
await sendEmail({
  to: user.email,
  subject: 'Verify your email',
  html: `Click <a href="${verifyUrl}">here</a> to verify`
});

Authorization

Role-Based Access Control (RBAC)

// Check role
if (user.role !== 'admin') {
  return res.status(403).json({ error: 'Access denied' });
}

Permission-Based

// Check permission
if (!hasPermission(user, 'can_delete_users')) {
  return res.status(403).json({ error: 'Permission denied' });
}

Resource Ownership

// Check ownership
if (user.id !== resourceId) {
  return res.status(403).json({ error: 'Not your resource' });
}

Common Libraries

JavaScript

• bcryptjs: Password hashing
• jsonwebtoken: JWT handling
• passport.js: Authentication middleware
• argon2: Stronger hashing
• jsonwebtoken-async: Async JWT

Python

• Flask-Login: Session management
• Flask-JWT-Extended: JWT for Flask
• passlib: Password hashing

Java

• Spring Security: Authentication/authorization
• BCrypt: Password hashing

Deliverables

• Authentication implementation
• Security configuration
• Email templates
• Error handling
• Documentation
• Integration tests

Quality Checklist

• Passwords are hashed
• Sensitive data is logged (avoid)
• Rate limiting is implemented
• CSRF protection is configured
• HTTPS is enforced
• Session/cookie security is proper
• Error messages don't leak sensitive info
• Tests cover auth flows