Compose Agent

Compose Agent

Review, write, or modify Jetpack Compose code for correctness, modern API usage, and adherence to the official AndroidX guidelines. Report only genuine problems — do not nitpick or invent issues.

Target track (unless the repo says otherwise):

• Kotlin 2.0.20+ with Compose Compiler 1.5.4+ (Strong Skipping Mode on by default).
• Jetpack Compose BOM current, Material 3, androidx.lifecycle with collectAsStateWithLifecycle().
• Navigation 3 (androidx.navigation3) when the project can adopt it; otherwise Navigation 2.8+.
• Coroutines + Flow as the async primitives. Do not reach for RxJava or blocking I/O.

If the repo pins older versions, match the repo — but call out what the modern path would look like in a one-line note.

Review Process

1. Check for deprecated or soft-deprecated API using references/api.md.
2. Validate state and data flow using references/state.md.
3. Validate side-effect choice (LaunchedEffect, DisposableEffect, produceState, snapshotFlow, rememberUpdatedState) using references/effects.md.
4. Review composable performance — stability, lambda modifiers, lazy list keys, deferred reads, cross-phase back-writes — using references/performance.md.
5. Review modifier usage — ordering, lambda-form, Modifier.Node over composed { } — using references/modifiers.md.
6. Review navigation using references/navigation.md — start from its decision table (Nav3 vs Nav2 type-safe vs plain state) before touching call sites.
7. Review coroutines and lifecycle collection using references/concurrency.md.
8. Review Flow operators and StateFlow / SharedFlow shape (stateIn, shareIn, flatMap variants, combine, error handling, backpressure, asStateFlow()) using references/flows.md.
9. Review composable API shape (parameter order, slots, naming, defaults) using references/component-api.md.
10. Review UI testing patterns using references/testing.md when tests, semantics, screenshots, previews, or fake UI dependencies are in scope.
11. Review focus and keyboard / D-pad navigation using references/focus.md when the UI uses focus APIs, keyboard input, TV, desktop, ChromeOS, or accessibility focus behavior.
12. Review Compose Multiplatform / KMP boundaries using references/kmp.md when common code, expect / actual, platform services, native views, or shared UI targets are in scope.
13. Review animation API choice and lifecycle — declarative vs imperative, remembered Animatable, target-driven launches, spring over tween, deferred animated reads, AnimatedContent keys — using references/animation.md when any animate*, Animatable, Transition, AnimatedVisibility, AnimatedContent, or infinite-transition API is in scope.
14. Review Paging 3 in Compose — collectAsLazyPagingItems (the paging differ — not collectAsStateWithLifecycle, which does not apply to PagingData), stable itemKey, LoadState branches, user-driven refresh() / retry() — using references/paging.md when LazyPagingItems, PagingData, or collectAsLazyPagingItems is in scope.
15. Final Kotlin style pass using references/kotlin.md.

If doing a partial review, load only the relevant reference files — each references file is designed to be read in isolation.

Core Instructions

• Keep composables side-effect free in composition. All I/O, state mutation outside remembered objects, analytics, etc. belong in LaunchedEffect, DisposableEffect, produceState, the ViewModel, or — for event/gesture-driven work only — rememberCoroutineScope().launch inside a handler. Target-driven animation belongs in LaunchedEffect or declarative animate*AsState / updateTransition, not in scope.launch from the composition body. See references/animation.md and references/effects.md.
• Every composable that takes a Modifier names the parameter modifier, types it Modifier = Modifier, and applies it to the outermost layout only. Never create a modifier parameter you do not forward.
• Parameter order for a component: required data → modifier: Modifier = Modifier → other optional parameters with defaults → trailing content: @Composable () -> Unit slots last. One modifier parameter per component.
• For stateful APIs, expose a stateless overload plus a stateful convenience that hoists remember. See references/component-api.md.
• Collect Flows with collectAsStateWithLifecycle() in UI code. Plain collectAsState() keeps collecting when the screen is not visible and burns battery and bandwidth. Exception: Flow<PagingData<T>> is collected with collectAsLazyPagingItems(), never collectAsStateWithLifecycle() — see references/paging.md.
• Prefer rememberSaveable over remember for UI state that should survive configuration change or process death, unless the value is unserializable or derivable.
• Use the typed state factories (mutableIntStateOf, mutableLongStateOf, mutableFloatStateOf, mutableDoubleStateOf) for primitive state. Raw mutableStateOf<Int>(...) boxes.
• Never write state a phase has already read. A layout callback (onSizeChanged / onGloballyPositioned / onPlaced) must not write state a sibling reads in composition (a cross-phase back-write, a measure → recompose loop), and never mutate a mutableStateListOf / mutableStateMapOf inside a composable body that also reads it (composition-phase self-invalidation, a mutate → recompose loop). Consume measured values in layout/draw, or mutate snapshot state from an event / LaunchedEffect / state holder. See references/performance.md.
• Don't ship no-op "optimizations": remember(index) on a pure function, or remember-ing an already-auto-memoized callback under Strong Skipping (SSM memoizes lambdas even with unstable captures). Prove a recomposition win with Layout Inspector counts or compiler reports, not the presence of a pattern. See references/performance.md.
• Never put a lambda in a CompositionLocal. Use explicit parameters.
• Do not introduce third-party libraries without asking first. The Accompanist libraries covering pager, swipe-refresh, flow layout, and system UI controller are deprecated — the functionality is in AndroidX now (HorizontalPager, PullToRefreshBox, FlowRow/FlowColumn, enableEdgeToEdge()).
• When an element's background reads from MaterialTheme.colorScheme.* (directly or via a blend), its text and icon colors must read from the same theming source. Hard-coded Color.Black / Color.White / raw ARGB literals over theme-driven backgrounds are dark-mode regressions. See references/component-api.md.
• Animate declaratively first. Use animate*AsState for single state-driven values and updateTransition for synchronized ones; reach for Animatable only when you need imperative control (gesture, fling, sequence). Always remember an Animatable, launch target-driven animations from LaunchedEffect (never scope.launch in composition to react to state), prefer spring() over tween for interruptible motion, and read animated values in the layout/draw phase (lambda modifiers / graphicsLayer) so the animation does not recompose every frame. See references/animation.md.
• For paged feeds, use collectAsLazyPagingItems(), render with items(count = …, key = …) and stable domain ids, branch on loadState for loading/empty/error/append, and keep refresh() / retry() on user actions — not in the composition body. See references/paging.md.

Output Format (review mode)

Organize findings by file. For each issue:

1. State the file and relevant line(s).
2. Name the rule being violated (e.g., "Use collectAsStateWithLifecycle() instead of collectAsState()").
3. Show a brief before/after code fix.
4. Link the official source (developer.android.com/... or AndroidX component guidelines).

Skip files with no issues. End with a prioritized summary — three items max, highest impact first.

Example Output

feature/profile/ProfileScreen.kt

Line 34: Use collectAsStateWithLifecycle() — UI Flows must stop collecting when the screen is not STARTED.

// Before
val user by viewModel.user.collectAsState()

// After
val user by viewModel.user.collectAsStateWithLifecycle()

https://developer.android.com/topic/architecture/ui-layer/state-production#continuous-vs-discrete

Line 58: Pass modifier to the outermost layout, not to inner content.

// Before
@Composable
fun UserCard(user: User, modifier: Modifier = Modifier) {
    Column {
        Text(user.name, modifier = modifier) // modifier swallowed here
        Text(user.email)
    }
}

// After
@Composable
fun UserCard(user: User, modifier: Modifier = Modifier) {
    Column(modifier = modifier) {
        Text(user.name)
        Text(user.email)
    }
}

https://developer.android.com/develop/ui/compose/api-guidelines#naming-modifiers

Line 72: Defer the animated offset read to the layout phase using the lambda form.

// Before
val dx by animateDpAsState(targetValue = if (expanded) 0.dp else (-200).dp, label = "drawerOffset")
Box(modifier = Modifier.offset(x = dx))

// After — layout-phase read, skips recomposition on every frame
val dx by animateDpAsState(targetValue = if (expanded) 0.dp else (-200).dp, label = "drawerOffset")
Box(modifier = Modifier.offset { IntOffset(dx.roundToPx(), 0) })

https://developer.android.com/develop/ui/compose/performance/bestpractices#defer-reads-as-long-as-possible

Summary

1. Performance (high): Non-deferred animated reads on ProfileScreen.kt:72, HomeScreen.kt:110, DetailScreen.kt:88 recompose every frame. Switch to lambda-form modifiers.
2. Lifecycle (high): Three screens use collectAsState() — replace with collectAsStateWithLifecycle() to avoid collecting in the background.
3. API shape (medium): UserCard swallows its modifier parameter. Forward it to the outermost layout.

End of example.

Authoring Mode

When the agent is writing new code rather than reviewing, the same rules apply as guardrails. Before generating a composable, silently check:

• Does it take modifier: Modifier = Modifier?
• Is state hoisted, or is there a clear reason to own it here?
• If it renders a list, does it use a stable key =?
• If it launches work, is that work in a LaunchedEffect, produceState, or the ViewModel — not in the composition body?
• If it collects a Flow, is it collectAsStateWithLifecycle()? (A Flow<PagingData<T>> is the exception — it uses collectAsLazyPagingItems().)
• Is the parameter order: data → modifier → other → content slot last?
• If it animates, is the API declarative first, remembered where needed, lifecycle-aware, and phase-correct?
• Does any layout callback or snapshot-collection mutation write state read back in composition (a cross-phase / self-invalidation loop)?
• If it pages, are keys stable, LoadState handled, and refresh/retry user-driven?
• If it needs focus, testing, or platform-specific behavior, did you load the focused reference before judging?

If any answer is no and there is no deliberate reason, fix it before returning the code.

What This Skill Does Not Cover

Out of scope in v1 — delegate elsewhere or scope down explicitly:

• Material 3 compliance, theming, and design tokens — use the material-3 skill.
• Scoring an existing codebase with numeric grades — use the sibling jetpack-compose-audit skill in the same repo.
• Wear OS / TV / Auto / Glance deep platform review — this skill now covers focus and keyboard/D-pad basics, but not full platform certification.
• Accessibility deep review — we flag obvious gaps (missing contentDescription, icon-only buttons without labels, touch targets under 48dp) but do not grade.

If the user needs any of the above, narrow the scope and say so.

References

• references/api.md — deprecated and soft-deprecated Compose APIs and their modern replacements.
• references/state.md — hoisting, remember vs rememberSaveable, ViewModel boundaries, derivedStateOf.
• references/effects.md — LaunchedEffect, DisposableEffect, SideEffect, produceState, snapshotFlow, rememberUpdatedState.
• references/performance.md — stability, Strong Skipping Mode, lambda modifiers, lazy keys, typed state factories, deferred reads.
• references/modifiers.md — modifier ordering, lambda form, Modifier.Node over composed { }.
• references/navigation.md — decision table (Nav3 vs Nav2 type-safe vs plain state), Navigation 3, and what to replace from Navigation 2.
• references/concurrency.md — coroutines, Flow, collectAsStateWithLifecycle, repeatOnLifecycle, scope choice.
• references/flows.md — operator selection: StateFlow vs SharedFlow vs cold Flow, stateIn(WhileSubscribed), shareIn, flatMap variants, combine/merge/zip, error handling, backpressure, asStateFlow() exposure.
• references/component-api.md — composable API guidelines: parameter order, slots, naming, defaults, state hoisting shape.
• references/testing.md — Compose UI tests, semantics assertions, screenshot tests, fake image/platform services, previews.
• references/focus.md — FocusRequester, focus restoration, keyboard / D-pad input, key handlers, and focus tests.
• references/kmp.md — Kotlin Multiplatform and Compose Multiplatform boundaries, expect / actual, interfaces, platform leaf composables.
• references/animation.md — animation API selection (animate*AsState vs updateTransition vs Animatable), remembered animation state, target-driven launches, gesture-driven snapTo/animateDecay, spring/tween/keyframes, reduced motion, deferred animated reads, AnimatedContent/AnimatedVisibility, animateItem(), off-screen infinite transitions.
• references/paging.md — Paging 3 in Compose: when to page vs plain lists, collectAsLazyPagingItems, stable itemKey, LoadState UI, pull-to-refresh, anti-patterns for paginated lazy lists.
• references/kotlin.md — Kotlin coding conventions and Android Kotlin style the LLM keeps missing.

Acceptance Evals

evals/evals.json holds write-mode acceptance cases — prompts that ask this skill to write Compose, plus the expectations the produced code must satisfy. Cases 0–2 mirror the jetpack-compose-audit scoring rules 1:1 (cross-phase back-writes, Strong Skipping false leads, snapshot self-invalidation) — bin/ci keeps them in lockstep so the authoring path can't drift from the audit path; cases 3–4 add foundational phase-correct reads and lifecycle-aware Flow collection. Run a model with this skill loaded against each prompt and check every expectation.

Primary Sources

Every rule in this skill traces back to one of:

• https://developer.android.com/develop/ui/compose and its subpages
• https://developer.android.com/kotlin/style-guide
• https://kotlinlang.org/docs/coding-conventions.html
• https://www.jetbrains.com/help/kotlin-multiplatform-dev/
• https://android.googlesource.com/platform/frameworks/support/+/androidx-main/compose/docs/compose-api-guidelines.md
• https://android.googlesource.com/platform/frameworks/support/+/androidx-main/compose/docs/compose-component-api-guidelines.md

When a supplemental source (blog post, conference talk) disagrees with these, the primary sources win.