Rust Database

name: rust-database description: "Rust database skill for SQLx/Diesel/SeaORM design, transaction boundaries, migration safety, query performance, and operational reliability."---

Rust Database Skill

Core Question

How do we guarantee data correctness while keeping queries and migrations operationally safe?

Persistence Architecture

• Keep repository/data-access layer separate from business logic.
• Define explicit transaction boundaries around business invariants.
• Choose stack by need:
  • sqlx: explicit SQL and compile-time query checks.
  • diesel: typed query builder with strong schema coupling.
  • sea-orm: async ORM convenience with rapid CRUD iteration.

Transaction and Consistency Rules

• Keep transactions short.
• Do not perform network calls inside transactions.
• Handle deadlock/serialization retries with bounded policy.

Query Performance

• Use indexes based on real access patterns.
• Detect and remove N+1 query behavior.
• Inspect query plans for slow paths.

Migration Safety

• Prefer additive migrations for rolling deployments.
• Separate destructive changes into phased rollouts.
• Verify backward/forward compatibility windows.

Common Pitfalls

• Long-lived transactions causing lock contention.
• Schema changes incompatible with old app versions.
• Inconsistent timezone/nullability handling across layers.
• Pool exhaustion under burst traffic.

Review Checklist

• Transaction boundaries align with domain invariants.
• Retry/timeout policy is explicit for DB operations.
• Migrations are safe for rolling deploy.
• Query plans and indexes are validated.
• Metrics cover pool usage, latency, and error rates.

Verification Commands

cargo check
cargo test
cargo clippy
cargo sqlx prepare
cargo sqlx migrate run

Related Skills

• rust-web
• rust-cache
• rust-observability

Localized Reference

• Original Chinese version is preserved in SKILL_ZH.md.