Iii Worker Manager

iii-worker-manager

The iii-worker-manager is a mandatory engine worker that opens WebSocket listeners. The base engine.workers.iii-worker-manager entry sets the main port (49134 by default); #instance entries open separate listeners with their own RBAC, middleware, and registration hooks. Channels are mounted on every listener at /ws/channels/{channel_id}.

When to Use

• Exposing the engine to an untrusted network — add a second iii-worker-manager entry with an rbac block and an auth_function_id instead of opening the main engine port.
• Restricting which functions a connected worker can invoke — combine expose_functions filters (operator-side) with forbidden_functions from AuthResult (per-session, hard deny).
• Auditing, rate-limiting, or enriching every invocation — set middleware_function_id on the listener; the middleware decides whether to call the target and what to return.
• Per-tenant or per-session namespace isolation — return function_registration_prefix from the auth function so every function/trigger this session registers is transparently prefixed without the worker code knowing.
• Gating dynamic registration — wire on_function_registration_function_id, on_trigger_registration_function_id, or on_trigger_type_registration_function_id to validate or rewrite registrations.

Boundaries

• The infrastructure carve-out (engine::channels::create, engine::workers::register, engine::log::*, engine::baggage::*) is always allowed on RBAC listeners regardless of expose_functions. Adding one of those IDs to forbidden_functions denies it but logs a warning — workers may behave unpredictably (broken setup, lost logs, missing context).
• The first iii-worker-manager entry is the main engine port and should remain internal. Only RBAC-protected listeners belong on external networks.
• The middleware is not a pre-handler — it must invoke the target function itself (typically via iii.trigger) and return its result. Returning early without invoking simply skips the call.
• forbidden_functions from the auth result wins over both allowed_functions and expose_functions. There is no way for a session to override an operator's deny list.
• Registration hooks return mapped fields or throw to deny. Omitted result fields keep their original values; returning {} is a no-op (allow as-is).
• Triggers and functions registered through an RBAC session are scoped to that session and cleaned up automatically on disconnect.

Configuration

Two listeners — one internal, one external with RBAC:

engine:
  workers:
    iii-worker-manager:
      port: 49134

    "iii-worker-manager#rbac":
      host: 0.0.0.0
      port: 49135
      middleware_function_id: my-project::middleware
      rbac:
        auth_function_id: my-project::auth
        on_function_registration_function_id: my-project::on-fn-reg
        on_trigger_registration_function_id: my-project::on-trig-reg
        on_trigger_type_registration_function_id: my-project::on-trig-type-reg
        expose_functions:
          - match("api::*")
          - match("*::public")
          - metadata:
              public: true

Auth function

Receives AuthInput { headers, query_params, ip_address }, returns AuthResult. Throw to reject the connection.

import type { AuthInput, AuthResult } from '@iii-dev/helpers/worker-connection-manager'

iii.registerFunction(
  'my-project::auth',
  async (input: AuthInput): Promise<AuthResult> => {
    const token = input.headers?.['authorization']?.replace(/^Bearer\s+/i, '')
    if (!token) throw new Error('Missing credentials')

    const user = await validateToken(token)

    return {
      allowed_functions: [],
      forbidden_functions: user.role === 'readonly'
        ? ['api::users::delete', 'api::users::update']
        : [],
      allowed_trigger_types: user.role === 'admin' ? ['cron', 'webhook'] : undefined,
      allow_trigger_type_registration: user.role === 'admin',
      function_registration_prefix: `tenant-${user.tenant_id}`,
      context: { user_id: user.id, role: user.role, tenant_id: user.tenant_id },
    }
  },
)

AuthResult defaults: allow_function_registration: true, allow_trigger_type_registration: false, allowed_trigger_types: undefined (permissive — every type allowed). Setting function_registration_prefix makes the engine transparently rewrite IDs in both directions; the worker SDK never sees the prefix.

Middleware function

Runs on every invocation through this listener. Receives MiddlewareFunctionInput { function_id, payload, action, context }. Must call the target function itself.

import type { MiddlewareFunctionInput } from 'iii-sdk'

iii.registerFunction(
  'my-project::middleware',
  async (input: MiddlewareFunctionInput) => {
    console.log(`[audit] user=${input.context.user_id} → ${input.function_id}`)

    return iii.trigger({
      function_id: input.function_id,
      payload: {
        ...input.payload,
        _caller_id: input.context.user_id,
        _caller_role: input.context.role,
      },
    })
  },
)

Skipping the iii.trigger call short-circuits the request — useful for rate-limit rejections (return a structured error envelope instead of invoking the target).

Registration hooks

Each hook receives the registration details plus AuthResult.context. Return mapped fields or throw to deny. Omitted fields keep their original value.

import type {
  OnFunctionRegistrationInput,
  OnTriggerRegistrationInput,
  OnTriggerTypeRegistrationInput,
} from '@iii-dev/helpers/worker-connection-manager'

iii.registerFunction(
  'my-project::on-fn-reg',
  async (input: OnFunctionRegistrationInput) => {
    if (input.function_id.startsWith('internal::')) {
      throw new Error('Cannot register internal functions')
    }
    return { function_id: input.function_id }
  },
)

iii.registerFunction(
  'my-project::on-trig-reg',
  async (input: OnTriggerRegistrationInput) => {
    const role = input.context.role as string
    if (!input.function_id.startsWith(`${role}::`)) {
      throw new Error('Function ID must be prefixed with the role')
    }
    return { function_id: `${role}::${input.function_id}` }
  },
)

iii.registerFunction(
  'my-project::on-trig-type-reg',
  async (input: OnTriggerTypeRegistrationInput) => {
    if (input.context.role !== 'admin') {
      throw new Error('Only admins can register trigger types')
    }
    return {}
  },
)

A worker can register a trigger type only when allow_trigger_type_registration: true AND (if configured) the hook returns a result. A worker can register a trigger only when its trigger_type is in allowed_trigger_types (or the field is omitted) AND the hook returns a result.

Function filters

expose_functions accepts wildcard and metadata filters; multiple filters are OR'd. Metadata filters AND across keys.

expose_functions:
  - match("api::*")             # ID glob: * matches any chars
  - match("*::public")          # suffix match
  - match("api::*::read")       # multi-segment match
  - metadata:                   # all keys must match
      public: true
      tier: free
  - metadata:
      name: match("*public*")   # metadata values can be wildcards too

A function is exposed if any filter matches. Empty expose_functions = no functions exposed (other than the infrastructure carve-out).

Channels on RBAC ports

Channels are mounted at /ws/channels/{channel_id} on the same port the worker connected through. engine::channels::create is always allowed (infrastructure carve-out), so RBAC listeners can hand out channel refs even with empty expose_functions. SDK createChannel() works unmodified — channel data flows through whichever listener the worker is on, never the main engine port. Access to a channel WebSocket is independently validated by the access_key capability token in the StreamChannelRef.

Access decision flow

flowchart TD
  Start["invokeFunction"] --> Forbidden{"in forbidden_functions?"}
  Forbidden -- yes --> Deny["DENY"]
  Forbidden -- no --> Allowed{"in allowed_functions?"}
  Allowed -- yes --> Allow["ALLOW"]
  Allowed -- no --> Infra{"infrastructure ID?"}
  Infra -- yes --> Allow
  Infra -- no --> Expose{"any expose_functions filter matches?"}
  Expose -- yes --> Allow
  Expose -- no --> Deny

Rule of thumb: deny by default (rule 5). Operators allow via expose_functions; auth functions augment with allowed_functions and tighten with forbidden_functions. The infrastructure carve-out is the only path that ignores expose_functions entirely.

Security notes

• Always set auth_function_id on listeners that face untrusted networks. A listener with no rbac block authenticates nothing — every connection is allowed and expose_functions alone gates access.
• Prefer narrow expose_functions over match("*"). Audit the list whenever a new namespace lands in the engine.
• The middleware is the right place for request validation, rate limiting, and audit logging. Keep it idempotent — invocations may be retried.
• Use function_registration_prefix for multi-tenant isolation rather than asking each tenant to register pre-prefixed function IDs. The prefix is invisible to the worker SDK.