Skill Events

Skill: AL Event-Driven Architecture

Purpose

Discover, design, and implement event-driven patterns in AL Business Central extensions: event discovery via Event Recorder, subscriber/publisher creation, IsHandled patterns, and extensibility design.

When to Load

This skill should be loaded when:

• Extending standard BC functionality (posting, validation, master data changes)
• Designing custom integration events for a new codeunit or extension
• A subscriber is not firing and needs investigation
• An architecture requires extensibility points for future consumers
• Implementing document posting interventions, workflow triggers, or UI customizations

Core Patterns

Pattern 1: Event Discovery with Event Recorder

Before writing any subscriber, discover which events are raised during the business process:

1. al_open_Event_Recorder            ← open the recorder in VS Code
2. Start recording
3. Execute the business process in BC (e.g., post a sales order)
4. Stop recording
5. Analyze the event list — filter by object or keyword
6. Identify the OnBefore/OnAfter event closest to your extension point

Use al_search_objects and al_get_object_definition to inspect publisher signatures. Use al_find_references to see who else subscribes to the same event.

Pattern 2: Event Subscriber

// Subscriber codeunit — name with "Handler" suffix
codeunit 50100 "Sales Document Events Handler"
{
    // Attribute breakdown:
    //   ObjectType  — Table, Codeunit, Page, Report, etc.
    //   ObjectId    — Database::"Sales Header" or Codeunit::"Customer Management"
    //   EventName   — exact name of the publisher procedure (e.g., OnBeforeInsert)
    //   ElementName — '' for table/codeunit events; field name for page field triggers
    //   SkipOnMissingLicense  — false (recommended: always run)
    //   SkipOnMissingPermission — false (recommended: always run)

    [EventSubscriber(ObjectType::Table, Database::"Sales Header",
                     OnBeforeInsert, '', false, false)]
    local procedure OnBeforeInsertSalesHeader(
        var SalesHeader: Record "Sales Header";
        RunTrigger: Boolean)
    begin
        ValidateCustomFields(SalesHeader);
    end;
}

Subscriber rules:

• Procedure MUST be local
• Parameter signature MUST exactly match the publisher (name, type, order)
• One subscriber per event per codeunit (keep handler codeunits focused)
• Never use Commit inside a subscriber unless absolutely necessary

Pattern 3: Integration Event Publisher with IsHandled

The standard extensibility pattern: OnBefore allows interception, OnAfter allows reaction.

codeunit 50101 "Customer Management"
{
    procedure CreateCustomer(var Customer: Record Customer): Boolean
    var
        IsHandled: Boolean;
    begin
        // 1. Raise OnBefore — subscribers can validate, modify, or skip
        OnBeforeCreateCustomer(Customer, IsHandled);
        if IsHandled then
            exit(true);

        // 2. Default logic
        if not Customer.Insert(true) then
            exit(false);

        // 3. Raise OnAfter — subscribers can react (logging, integration, etc.)
        OnAfterCreateCustomer(Customer);
        exit(true);
    end;

    [IntegrationEvent(false, false)]
    local procedure OnBeforeCreateCustomer(
        var Customer: Record Customer;
        var IsHandled: Boolean)
    begin
        // Empty body — subscribers provide the implementation
        // IsHandled = true → skip default logic
    end;

    [IntegrationEvent(false, false)]
    local procedure OnAfterCreateCustomer(var Customer: Record Customer)
    begin
        // Empty body — subscribers react after creation
    end;
}

IntegrationEvent attribute:

• IntegrationEvent(IncludeSender, GlobalVarAccess)
• IncludeSender = false — recommended for clean API (no coupling to publisher internals)
• GlobalVarAccess = false — recommended (prevent subscribers from accessing publisher global vars)

Pattern 4: Business Event

Business events are user-disablable — use for optional, non-critical functionality:

[BusinessEvent(IncludeSender)]
local procedure OnCustomerCreditLimitExceeded(
    Customer: Record Customer;
    RequestedAmount: Decimal)
begin
    // Subscribers may send notification, log, or block — user can disable
end;

Pattern 5: Well-Designed Event Parameters

// ✅ Good — rich context, var where modification expected, IsHandled for OnBefore
[IntegrationEvent(false, false)]
local procedure OnBeforePostDocument(
    var DocumentHeader: Record "Sales Header";   // var — subscriber may modify
    var DocumentLines: Record "Sales Line";      // var — subscriber may modify
    PostingDate: Date;                           // value — read-only context
    var IsHandled: Boolean)                      // var — subscriber may skip default
begin
end;

// ✅ Good — results context for OnAfter
[IntegrationEvent(false, false)]
local procedure OnAfterPostDocument(
    DocumentHeader: Record "Sales Header";       // value — read-only (already posted)
    PostedDocumentNo: Code[20];                  // result reference
    PostingResult: Boolean)                      // success/failure
begin
end;

Parameter design rules:

• var Record — when subscribers should be able to modify the record
• Non-var Record — when record is read-only context
• Always include var IsHandled: Boolean in OnBefore events
• Include result/outcome parameters in OnAfter events
• Use meaningful parameter names that describe business intent

Workflow

Step 1: Discover Events

1. Open Event Recorder: al_open_Event_Recorder
2. Execute the target business process in BC
3. Review recorded events — filter by relevant object
4. Use al_get_object_definition to inspect publisher signatures
5. Use al_find_references to check existing subscribers (avoid conflicts)

Step 2: Design Event Architecture

For subscribing to existing events:

1. Identify the right OnBefore / OnAfter event from Step 1
2. Match the parameter signature exactly
3. Create a handler codeunit with naming: "{Domain} Events Handler"

For creating new integration events in your codeunit:

1. Identify logical extension points in your business logic
2. Add OnBefore event with IsHandled pattern before key operations
3. Add OnAfter event after key operations with result context
4. Follow naming: OnBefore{Action} / OnAfter{Action}
5. Choose IntegrationEvent (critical) or BusinessEvent (optional)

Step 3: Implement

Use al_insert_event to scaffold subscriber/publisher structures, then fill the body:

// Subscriber handler codeunit
codeunit 50102 "Customer Validation Handler"
{
    [EventSubscriber(ObjectType::Codeunit, Codeunit::"Customer Management",
                     OnBeforeCreateCustomer, '', false, false)]
    local procedure ValidateOnBeforeCreate(
        var Customer: Record Customer;
        var IsHandled: Boolean)
    begin
        ValidateCustomerCreditLimit(Customer);

        if ShouldSkipDefaultProcessing(Customer) then
            IsHandled := true;
    end;
}

Step 4: Verify

1. Build: al_build — check for compilation errors (signature mismatches)
2. Set breakpoint inside subscriber
3. Debug: al_debug_without_publish
4. Execute the business process — confirm subscriber fires
5. If subscriber does NOT fire, check:
   • Signature mismatch (most common cause)
   • Wrong ObjectType / ObjectId
   • Extension not published/active
   • Another subscriber set IsHandled = true before yours
   • SkipOnMissingLicense / SkipOnMissingPermission attributes

Common Scenarios

References

• Event Recorder — Microsoft Docs
• Events in AL
• IntegrationEvent Attribute
• BusinessEvent Attribute
• EventSubscriber Attribute

Constraints

• This skill covers event discovery, design, and implementation patterns — it does NOT duplicate the passive rules in al-events.instructions.md (auto-applied to all .al files)
• Do NOT create publishers without an OnBefore + OnAfter pair at minimum
• Do NOT use Commit inside event subscribers unless absolutely required
• Do NOT set IsHandled = true without clear documentation of why default logic is skipped
• Subscriber debugging (breakpoints, snapshots) → load skill-debug.md
• Subscriber performance overhead analysis → load skill-performance.md