Refactor Design Patterns

Refactor Design Patterns

Use this skill to make design-pattern suggestions practical, incremental, and grounded in the code that already exists.

Start with references/refactoring-workflow.md.

Use references/catalog.md to route by problem type:

• references/creational/index.md for creation and configuration problems
• references/structural/index.md for composition, wrapping, interoperability, or simplification problems
• references/behavioral/index.md for control flow, runtime behavior, communication, or orchestration problems

Use references/agent-mappings.md only when an AI-agent analogy would clarify the recommendation.

Working style

Anchor every recommendation in the current codebase and the user's actual pain points.

Prefer the smallest useful refactor. The goal is not to force a pattern into the design; the goal is to decide whether a pattern makes the code easier to change, easier to test, or easier to understand.

When reviewing a feature:

1. Identify the concrete design pressure.
2. Decide whether the problem is mainly creational, structural, or behavioral.
3. Recommend 1 to 3 candidate patterns at most.
4. Explain why the best option fits this code better than nearby alternatives.
5. Call out anti-signals and the simplest valid option if a pattern would be overkill.
6. Suggest an incremental refactor path instead of a rewrite.
7. Tailor the implementation advice to the repository language and conventions when they are known.

What to look for

Look for recurring signs such as:

• large conditional trees that choose behavior
• tightly coupled modules with unclear boundaries
• difficult object or service construction
• wrapper code repeated across integrations
• state transitions encoded as flags and branching
• scattered side effects and notification logic
• features that are correct but painful to extend

Output guidance

Prefer a practical structure like this:

• Design problem
• Best pattern choice
• Why it fits here
• Why nearby patterns do not fit as well
• Refactor sketch or steps
• Risks, tradeoffs, and anti-signals

If the user asks for code changes, keep the implementation incremental and idiomatic for the language in the repo.

Guardrails

Do not recommend a pattern only because the terminology sounds familiar.

Do not abstract early when:

• there is only one stable behavior
• the variation is speculative
• the new layer would hide simple code behind ceremony
• the existing problem can be solved with a small extraction or rename

If no pattern is warranted, say so clearly and recommend the simpler refactor.