Zulip

Zulip Integration

Interact with Zulip chat platform for team communication.

Setup

1. Install Python Client

pip install zulip

2. Create Configuration File

Create ~/.config/zulip/zuliprc:

[api]
email=bot@example.zulipchat.com
key=YOUR_API_KEY_HERE
site=https://example.zulipchat.com

Get credentials from Zulip admin panel (Settings → Bots).

3. Verify Connection

python scripts/zulip_client.py streams

Quick Start

Using the Helper Script

The scripts/zulip_client.py provides common operations:

List streams:

python scripts/zulip_client.py streams
python scripts/zulip_client.py streams --json

Read messages:

# Recent stream messages (by name)
python scripts/zulip_client.py messages --stream "General" --num 10

# By stream ID (more reliable, use 'streams' to find IDs)
python scripts/zulip_client.py messages --stream-id 42 --num 10

# Specific topic
python scripts/zulip_client.py messages --stream "General" --topic "Updates"

# Private messages
python scripts/zulip_client.py messages --type private --num 5

# Mentions
python scripts/zulip_client.py messages --type mentioned

Note: Stream names may have descriptions that look like part of the name. Use --stream-id for unambiguous identification.

Send messages:

# To stream
python scripts/zulip_client.py send --type stream --to "General" --topic "Updates" --content "Hello!"

# Private message (user_id)
python scripts/zulip_client.py send --type private --to 123 --content "Hi there"

List users:

python scripts/zulip_client.py users
python scripts/zulip_client.py users --json

Using Python Client Directly

import zulip

client = zulip.Client(config_file="~/.config/zulip/zuliprc")

# Read messages
result = client.get_messages({
    "anchor": "newest",
    "num_before": 10,
    "num_after": 0,
    "narrow": [{"operator": "stream", "operand": "General"}]
})

# Send to stream
client.send_message({
    "type": "stream",
    "to": "General",
    "topic": "Updates",
    "content": "Message text"
})

# Send DM
client.send_message({
    "type": "private",
    "to": [user_id],
    "content": "Private message"
})

Using curl

# List streams
curl -u "bot@example.com:KEY" https://example.zulipchat.com/api/v1/streams

# Get messages
curl -u "bot@example.com:KEY" -G \
  "https://example.zulipchat.com/api/v1/messages" \
  --data-urlencode 'anchor=newest' \
  --data-urlencode 'num_before=20' \
  --data-urlencode 'num_after=0' \
  --data-urlencode 'narrow=[{"operator":"stream","operand":"General"}]'

# Send message
curl -X POST "https://example.zulipchat.com/api/v1/messages" \
  -u "bot@example.com:KEY" \
  --data-urlencode 'type=stream' \
  --data-urlencode 'to=General' \
  --data-urlencode 'topic=Updates' \
  --data-urlencode 'content=Hello!'

Common Workflows

Monitor Stream for New Messages

def get_latest_messages(client, stream_name, last_seen_id=None):
    narrow = [{"operator": "stream", "operand": stream_name}]
    
    if last_seen_id:
        # Get only messages after last seen
        request = {
            "anchor": last_seen_id,
            "num_before": 0,
            "num_after": 100,
            "narrow": narrow
        }
    else:
        # Get recent messages
        request = {
            "anchor": "newest",
            "num_before": 20,
            "num_after": 0,
            "narrow": narrow
        }
    
    result = client.get_messages(request)
    return result["messages"]

Reply to Topic

def reply_to_message(client, original_message, reply_text):
    """Reply in the same stream/topic as original message."""
    client.send_message({
        "type": "stream",
        "to": original_message["display_recipient"],
        "topic": original_message["subject"],
        "content": reply_text
    })

Search Messages

def search_messages(client, keyword, stream=None):
    narrow = [{"operator": "search", "operand": keyword}]
    
    if stream:
        narrow.append({"operator": "stream", "operand": stream})
    
    result = client.get_messages({
        "anchor": "newest",
        "num_before": 50,
        "num_after": 0,
        "narrow": narrow
    })
    
    return result["messages"]

Get User ID by Email

def get_user_id(client, email):
    """Find user_id by email address."""
    result = client.get_members()
    
    for user in result["members"]:
        if user["email"] == email:
            return user["user_id"]
    
    return None

Message Formatting

Zulip uses Markdown:

• Bold: **text**
• Italic: *text*
• Code: `code`
• Code block: ```language\ncode\n```
• Quote: > quoted text
• Mention user: @**Full Name**
• Link stream: #**stream-name**
• Link: [text](url)

Advanced Features

Upload and Share Files

with open("file.pdf", "rb") as f:
    result = client.upload_file(f)
    file_url = result["uri"]

# Share in message
client.send_message({
    "type": "stream",
    "to": "General",
    "topic": "Files",
    "content": f"Check out [this file]({file_url})"
})

React to Messages

# Add reaction
client.add_reaction({
    "message_id": 123,
    "emoji_name": "thumbs_up"
})

# Remove reaction
client.remove_reaction({
    "message_id": 123,
    "emoji_name": "thumbs_up"
})

Reference

See references/api-quick-reference.md for complete API documentation, endpoints, and examples.

Troubleshooting

Config file not found:

• Ensure ~/.config/zulip/zuliprc exists with correct format
• Check file permissions (should be readable)

Authentication failed:

• Verify API key is correct
• Check bot is active in Zulip admin panel
• Ensure site URL matches organization URL

Empty messages array:

• Bot might not be subscribed to the stream
• Use client.get_subscriptions() to check subscriptions
• Admin may need to add bot to private streams

Rate limit errors:

• Standard limit: 200 requests/minute
• Message limit: ~20-30/minute
• Add delays between bulk operations
• Check Retry-After header on 429 responses