Vercel React Best Practices
Performance optimization guide for React and Next.js, maintained by Vercel. 69 rules across 8 categories, prioritized by impact.
When to Apply
- Writing new React components or Next.js pages
- Implementing data fetching (client or server-side)
- Reviewing code for performance issues
- Refactoring existing React/Next.js code
- Optimizing bundle size or load times
Rule Categories by Priority
| Priority | Category | Impact | Prefix |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Eliminating Waterfalls | CRITICAL | async- |
| 2 | Bundle Size Optimization | CRITICAL | bundle- |
| 3 | Server-Side Performance | HIGH | server- |
| 4 | Client-Side Data Fetching | MEDIUM-HIGH | client- |
| 5 | Re-render Optimization | MEDIUM | rerender- |
| 6 | Rendering Performance | MEDIUM | rendering- |
| 7 | JavaScript Performance | LOW-MEDIUM | js- |
| 8 | Advanced Patterns | LOW | advanced- |
1. Eliminating Waterfalls (CRITICAL)
async-cheap-condition-before-await— Check cheap sync conditions before awaiting flags or remote valuesasync-defer-await— Move await into branches where actually usedasync-parallel— Use Promise.all() for independent operationsasync-dependencies— Use better-all for partial dependenciesasync-api-routes— Start promises early, await late in API routesasync-suspense-boundaries— Use Suspense to stream content
2. Bundle Size Optimization (CRITICAL)
bundle-barrel-imports— Import directly, avoid barrel filesbundle-dynamic-imports— Use next/dynamic for heavy componentsbundle-defer-third-party— Load analytics/logging after hydrationbundle-conditional— Load modules only when feature is activatedbundle-preload— Preload on hover/focus for perceived speed
3. Server-Side Performance (HIGH)
server-auth-actions— Authenticate server actions like API routesserver-cache-react— Use React.cache() for per-request deduplicationserver-cache-lru— Use LRU cache for cross-request cachingserver-dedup-props— Avoid duplicate serialization in RSC propsserver-hoist-static-io— Hoist static I/O (fonts, logos) to module levelserver-no-shared-module-state— Avoid module-level mutable request state in RSC/SSRserver-serialization— Minimize data passed to client componentsserver-parallel-fetching— Restructure components to parallelize fetchesserver-parallel-nested-fetching— Chain nested fetches per item in Promise.allserver-after-nonblocking— Use after() for non-blocking operations
4. Client-Side Data Fetching (MEDIUM-HIGH)
client-swr-dedup— Use SWR for automatic request deduplicationclient-event-listeners— Deduplicate global event listenersclient-passive-event-listeners— Use passive listeners for scrollclient-localstorage-schema— Version and minimize localStorage data
5. Re-render Optimization (MEDIUM)
rerender-defer-reads— Don't subscribe to state only used in callbacksrerender-memo— Extract expensive work into memoized componentsrerender-memo-with-default-value— Hoist default non-primitive propsrerender-dependencies— Use primitive dependencies in effectsrerender-derived-state— Subscribe to derived booleans, not raw valuesrerender-derived-state-no-effect— Derive state during render, not effectsrerender-functional-setstate— Use functional setState for stable callbacksrerender-lazy-state-init— Pass function to useState for expensive valuesrerender-simple-expression-in-memo— Avoid memo for simple primitivesrerender-split-combined-hooks— Split hooks with independent dependenciesrerender-move-effect-to-event— Put interaction logic in event handlersrerender-transitions— Use startTransition for non-urgent updatesrerender-use-deferred-value— Defer expensive renders to keep input responsivererender-use-ref-transient-values— Use refs for transient frequent valuesrerender-no-inline-components— Don't define components inside components
6. Rendering Performance (MEDIUM)
rendering-animate-svg-wrapper— Animate div wrapper, not SVG elementrendering-content-visibility— Use content-visibility for long listsrendering-hoist-jsx— Extract static JSX outside componentsrendering-svg-precision— Reduce SVG coordinate precisionrendering-hydration-no-flicker— Use inline script for client-only datarendering-activity— Use Activity component for show/hiderendering-conditional-render— Use ternary, not && for conditionalsrendering-usetransition-loading— Prefer useTransition for loading staterendering-resource-hints— Use React DOM resource hints for preloading
7. JavaScript Performance (LOW-MEDIUM)
js-batch-dom-css— Group CSS changes via classes or cssTextjs-index-maps— Build Map for repeated lookupsjs-cache-property-access— Cache object properties in loopsjs-combine-iterations— Combine filter/map into one loopjs-length-check-first— Check array length before expensive comparisonjs-early-exit— Return early from functionsjs-hoist-regexp— Hoist RegExp creation outside loopsjs-set-map-lookups— Use Set/Map for O(1) lookupsjs-flatmap-filter— Use flatMap to map and filter in one passjs-request-idle-callback— Defer non-critical work to browser idle time
8. Advanced Patterns (LOW)
advanced-effect-event-deps— Don't put useEffectEvent results in effect depsadvanced-event-handler-refs— Store event handlers in refsadvanced-init-once— Initialize app once per app loadadvanced-use-latest— useLatest for stable callback refs
Related Skills
web-design-guidelines— Vercel Web Interface Guidelines compliancefrontend-design— Distinctive frontend aesthetics (Anthropic)seo-geo-optimization— AI search optimization for pages