使用 Autoruns 分析恶意软件持久化
概述
Sysinternals Autoruns 从 Windows 上的数百个自动启动扩展点(ASEP)提取数据,扫描 18 个以上类别,包括 Run/RunOnce 键、服务、计划任务、驱动程序、Winlogon 条目、LSA 提供程序、打印监视器、WMI 订阅和 AppInit DLL。数字签名验证过滤 Microsoft 签名条目。比较功能通过基线差异识别新增的持久化机制。VirusTotal 集成检查哈希信誉。通过 -z 标志进行离线分析,支持取证磁盘镜像检查。
前置条件
- Sysinternals Autoruns(GUI)和 Autorunsc(CLI)
- 目标系统上的管理员权限
- Python 3.9+,用于自动化分析
- VirusTotal API 密钥,用于信誉检查
- 干净的基线导出,用于比对
操作步骤
步骤 1:自动化持久化扫描
#!/usr/bin/env python3
"""自动化基于 Autoruns 的持久化分析。"""
import subprocess
import csv
import json
import sys
def scan_and_analyze(autorunsc_path="autorunsc64.exe", csv_path="scan.csv"):
cmd = [autorunsc_path, "-a", "*", "-c", "-h", "-s", "-nobanner", "*"]
result = subprocess.run(cmd, capture_output=True, text=True, timeout=600)
with open(csv_path, 'w') as f:
f.write(result.stdout)
return parse_and_flag(csv_path)
def parse_and_flag(csv_path):
suspicious = []
with open(csv_path, 'r', errors='replace') as f:
for row in csv.DictReader(f):
reasons = []
signer = row.get("Signer", "")
if not signer or signer == "(Not verified)":
reasons.append("未签名的二进制文件")
if not row.get("Description") and not row.get("Company"):
reasons.append("缺少元数据")
path = row.get("Image Path", "").lower()
for sp in ["\temp\\", "\appdata\local\temp", "\users\public\\"]:
if sp in path:
reasons.append(f"可疑路径")
launch = row.get("Launch String", "").lower()
for kw in ["powershell", "cmd /c", "wscript", "mshta", "regsvr32"]:
if kw in launch:
reasons.append(f"LOLBin:{kw}")
if reasons:
row["reasons"] = reasons
suspicious.append(row)
return suspicious
if __name__ == "__main__":
if len(sys.argv) > 1:
results = parse_and_flag(sys.argv[1])
print(f"[!] {len(results)} 个可疑条目")
for r in results:
print(f" {r.get('Entry','')} - {r.get('Image Path','')}")
for reason in r.get('reasons', []):
print(f" - {reason}")
验证标准
- 扫描并记录所有 ASEP 类别
- 标记未签名条目以供调查
- 突出显示可疑路径和 LOLBin 启动字符串
- 基线比较识别新的持久化机制