Azure.ResourceManager.CosmosDB (.NET)
管理平面 SDK,用于通过 Azure Resource Manager 预配和管理 Azure Cosmos DB 资源。
⚠️ 管理平面 vs 数据平面
- 本 SDK (Azure.ResourceManager.CosmosDB):创建账户、数据库、容器,配置吞吐量,管理 RBAC
- 数据平面 SDK (Microsoft.Azure.Cosmos):对文档执行 CRUD 操作、查询、存储过程执行
安装
dotnet add package Azure.ResourceManager.CosmosDB
dotnet add package Azure.Identity
当前版本:稳定版 v1.4.0,预览版 v1.4.0-beta.13
环境变量
AZURE_SUBSCRIPTION_ID=<your-subscription-id>
# For service principal auth (optional)
AZURE_TENANT_ID=<tenant-id>
AZURE_CLIENT_ID=<client-id>
AZURE_CLIENT_SECRET=<client-secret>
身份验证
using Azure.Identity;
using Azure.ResourceManager;
using Azure.ResourceManager.CosmosDB;
// Always use DefaultAzureCredential
var credential = new DefaultAzureCredential();
var armClient = new ArmClient(credential);
// Get subscription
var subscriptionId = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("AZURE_SUBSCRIPTION_ID");
var subscription = armClient.GetSubscriptionResource(
new ResourceIdentifier($"/subscriptions/{subscriptionId}"));
资源层级
ArmClient
└── SubscriptionResource
└── ResourceGroupResource
└── CosmosDBAccountResource
├── CosmosDBSqlDatabaseResource
│ └── CosmosDBSqlContainerResource
│ ├── CosmosDBSqlStoredProcedureResource
│ ├── CosmosDBSqlTriggerResource
│ └── CosmosDBSqlUserDefinedFunctionResource
├── CassandraKeyspaceResource
├── GremlinDatabaseResource
├── MongoDBDatabaseResource
└── CosmosDBTableResource
核心工作流
1. 创建 Cosmos DB 账户
using Azure.ResourceManager.CosmosDB;
using Azure.ResourceManager.CosmosDB.Models;
// Get resource group
var resourceGroup = await subscription
.GetResourceGroupAsync("my-resource-group");
// Define account
var accountData = new CosmosDBAccountCreateOrUpdateContent(
location: AzureLocation.EastUS,
locations: new[]
{
new CosmosDBAccountLocation
{
LocationName = AzureLocation.EastUS,
FailoverPriority = 0,
IsZoneRedundant = false
}
})
{
Kind = CosmosDBAccountKind.GlobalDocumentDB,
ConsistencyPolicy = new ConsistencyPolicy(DefaultConsistencyLevel.Session),
EnableAutomaticFailover = true
};
// Create account (long-running operation)
var accountCollection = resourceGroup.Value.GetCosmosDBAccounts();
var operation = await accountCollection.CreateOrUpdateAsync(
WaitUntil.Completed,
"my-cosmos-account",
accountData);
CosmosDBAccountResource account = operation.Value;
2. 创建 SQL 数据库
var databaseData = new CosmosDBSqlDatabaseCreateOrUpdateContent(
new CosmosDBSqlDatabaseResourceInfo("my-database"));
var databaseCollection = account.GetCosmosDBSqlDatabases();
var dbOperation = await databaseCollection.CreateOrUpdateAsync(
WaitUntil.Completed,
"my-database",
databaseData);
CosmosDBSqlDatabaseResource database = dbOperation.Value;
3. 创建 SQL 容器
var containerData = new CosmosDBSqlContainerCreateOrUpdateContent(
new CosmosDBSqlContainerResourceInfo("my-container")
{
PartitionKey = new CosmosDBContainerPartitionKey
{
Paths = { "/partitionKey" },
Kind = CosmosDBPartitionKind.Hash
},
IndexingPolicy = new CosmosDBIndexingPolicy
{
Automatic = true,
IndexingMode = CosmosDBIndexingMode.Consistent
},
DefaultTtl = 86400 // 24 hours
});
var containerCollection = database.GetCosmosDBSqlContainers();
var containerOperation = await containerCollection.CreateOrUpdateAsync(
WaitUntil.Completed,
"my-container",
containerData);
CosmosDBSqlContainerResource container = containerOperation.Value;
4. 配置吞吐量
// Manual throughput
var throughputData = new ThroughputSettingsUpdateData(
new ThroughputSettingsResourceInfo
{
Throughput = 400
});
// Autoscale throughput
var autoscaleData = new ThroughputSettingsUpdateData(
new ThroughputSettingsResourceInfo
{
AutoscaleSettings = new AutoscaleSettingsResourceInfo
{
MaxThroughput = 4000
}
});
// Apply to database
await database.CreateOrUpdateCosmosDBSqlDatabaseThroughputAsync(
WaitUntil.Completed,
throughputData);
5. 获取连接信息
// Get keys
var keys = await account.GetKeysAsync();
Console.WriteLine($"Primary Key: {keys.Value.PrimaryMasterKey}");
// Get connection strings
var connectionStrings = await account.GetConnectionStringsAsync();
foreach (var cs in connectionStrings.Value.ConnectionStrings)
{
Console.WriteLine($"{cs.Description}: {cs.ConnectionString}");
}
关键类型参考
| 类型 | 用途 |
|---|---|
ArmClient |
所有 ARM 操作的入口点 |
CosmosDBAccountResource |
表示 Cosmos DB 账户 |
CosmosDBAccountCollection |
账户 CRUD 集合 |
CosmosDBSqlDatabaseResource |
SQL API 数据库 |
CosmosDBSqlContainerResource |
SQL API 容器 |
CosmosDBAccountCreateOrUpdateContent |
账户创建载荷 |
CosmosDBSqlDatabaseCreateOrUpdateContent |
数据库创建载荷 |
CosmosDBSqlContainerCreateOrUpdateContent |
容器创建载荷 |
ThroughputSettingsUpdateData |
吞吐量配置 |
最佳实践
- 使用
WaitUntil.Completed处理必须在继续前完成的操作 - 使用
WaitUntil.Started当你想手动轮询或并行运行操作时 - 始终使用
DefaultAzureCredential— 永远不要硬编码密钥 - 处理
RequestFailedException以应对 ARM API 错误 - 使用
CreateOrUpdateAsync实现幂等操作 - 通过
Get*方法导航层级(例如account.GetCosmosDBSqlDatabases())
错误处理
using Azure;
try
{
var operation = await accountCollection.CreateOrUpdateAsync(
WaitUntil.Completed, accountName, accountData);
}
catch (RequestFailedException ex) when (ex.Status == 409)
{
Console.WriteLine("Account already exists");
}
catch (RequestFailedException ex)
{
Console.WriteLine($"ARM Error: {ex.Status} - {ex.ErrorCode}: {ex.Message}");
}
参考文件
| 文件 | 何时阅读 |
|---|---|
| references/account-management.md | 账户 CRUD、故障转移、密钥、连接字符串、网络 |
| references/sql-resources.md | SQL 数据库、容器、存储过程、触发器、UDF |
| references/throughput.md | 手动/自动缩放吞吐量、模式间迁移 |
相关 SDK
| SDK | 用途 | 安装 |
|---|---|---|
Microsoft.Azure.Cosmos |
数据平面(文档 CRUD、查询) | dotnet add package Microsoft.Azure.Cosmos |
Azure.ResourceManager.CosmosDB |
管理平面(本 SDK) | dotnet add package Azure.ResourceManager.CosmosDB |
何时使用
本技能适用于执行概述中描述的工作流或操作。
限制
- 仅当任务明确匹配上述范围时使用本技能。
- 不要将输出视为环境特定验证、测试或专家审查的替代品。
- 如果缺少所需输入、权限、安全边界或成功标准,请停下来请求澄清。