Testng Skill

TestNG 测试技能

使用时机

当你需要在 Java 中生成 TestNG 测试用例（包含分组、数据源、并行执行、XML 套件配置与监听器）时使用本技能。在用户提及 "TestNG"、"@DataProvider"、"testng.xml"、"groups" 时使用。触发词："TestNG"、"@DataProvider"、"testng.xml"、"TestNG suite"、"parallel tests Java"。

核心模式

带分组的基础测试

import org.testng.annotations.*;
import org.testng.Assert;

public class LoginTest {
    @BeforeMethod
    public void setUp() { /* setup */ }

    @Test(groups = "smoke")
    public void testLoginSuccess() {
        Assert.assertTrue(loginService.login("user@test.com", "password123"));
    }

    @Test(groups = "regression", dependsOnMethods = "testLoginSuccess")
    public void testAccessDashboard() {
        Assert.assertNotNull(dashboard.getContent());
    }

    @Test(expectedExceptions = AuthenticationException.class)
    public void testLoginInvalidPassword() {
        loginService.login("user@test.com", "wrong");
    }

    @AfterMethod
    public void tearDown() { /* cleanup */ }
}

数据源

@DataProvider(name = "loginData")
public Object[][] loginData() {
    return new Object[][] {
        {"admin@test.com", "admin123", true},
        {"user@test.com", "password", true},
        {"invalid@test.com", "wrong", false},
    };
}

@Test(dataProvider = "loginData")
public void testLogin(String email, String password, boolean expected) {
    Assert.assertEquals(loginService.login(email, password), expected);
}

TestNG XML 套件

<!DOCTYPE suite SYSTEM "https://testng.org/testng-1.0.dtd">
<suite name="Regression" parallel="tests" thread-count="5">
  <test name="Smoke">
    <groups><run><include name="smoke"/></run></groups>
    <classes><class name="tests.LoginTest"/></classes>
  </test>
  <test name="Full">
    <groups><run><include name="regression"/><exclude name="flaky"/></run></groups>
    <packages><package name="tests.*"/></packages>
  </test>
</suite>

并行执行

<suite parallel="methods" thread-count="5">   <!-- Method level -->
<suite parallel="classes" thread-count="5">    <!-- Class level -->
<suite parallel="tests" thread-count="5">      <!-- Test level -->

软断言

SoftAssert soft = new SoftAssert();
soft.assertEquals(user.getName(), "Alice");
soft.assertEquals(user.getAge(), 25);
soft.assertTrue(user.isActive());
soft.assertAll();  // Reports all failures at once

监听器

public class TestListener implements ITestListener {
    @Override public void onTestFailure(ITestResult result) {
        System.out.println("Failed: " + result.getName());
        // Take screenshot, log, etc.
    }
}

@Listeners(TestListener.class)
public class LoginTest { /* ... */ }

生命周期注解

@BeforeSuite → @BeforeTest → @BeforeClass → @BeforeMethod → @Test → @AfterMethod → @AfterClass → @AfterTest → @AfterSuite

反模式

速查表

进阶模式 → reference/playbook.md

局限性

• 仅当任务明确匹配其上游来源与本地项目上下文时使用本技能。
• 在应用更改前，请校验命令、生成的代码、依赖、凭证以及外部服务行为。
• 切勿把示例当作环境特定测试、安全审查或用户对破坏性/高成本操作的批准替代品。