Cloudflare Agents SDK
Your knowledge of the Agents SDK may be outdated. Prefer retrieval over pre-training for any Agents SDK task.
Retrieval Sources
Cloudflare docs: https://developers.cloudflare.com/agents/
| Topic |
Docs URL |
Use for |
| Getting started |
Quick start |
First agent, project setup |
| Adding to existing project |
Add to existing project |
Install into existing Workers app |
| Configuration |
Configuration |
wrangler.jsonc, bindings, assets, deployment |
| Agent class |
Agents API |
Agent lifecycle, patterns, pitfalls |
| State |
Store and sync state |
setState, validateStateChange, persistence |
| Routing |
Routing |
URL patterns, routeAgentRequest |
| Callable methods |
Callable methods |
@callable, RPC, streaming, timeouts |
| Scheduling |
Schedule tasks |
schedule(), scheduleEvery(), cron |
| Workflows |
Run workflows |
AgentWorkflow, durable multi-step tasks |
| HTTP/WebSockets |
WebSockets |
Lifecycle hooks, hibernation |
| Chat agents |
Chat agents |
AIChatAgent, streaming, tools, persistence |
| Client SDK |
Client SDK |
useAgent, useAgentChat, React hooks |
| Client tools |
Client tools |
Client-side tools, autoContinueAfterToolResult |
| Server-driven messages |
Trigger patterns |
saveMessages, waitUntilStable, server-initiated turns |
| Resumable streaming |
Resumable streaming |
Stream recovery on disconnect |
| Email |
Email |
Email routing, secure reply resolver |
| MCP client |
MCP client |
Connecting to MCP servers |
| MCP server |
MCP server |
Building MCP servers with McpAgent |
| MCP transports |
MCP transports |
Streamable HTTP, SSE, RPC transport options |
| Securing MCP servers |
Securing MCP |
OAuth, proxy MCP, hardening |
| Human-in-the-loop |
Human-in-the-loop |
Approval flows, needsApproval, workflows |
| Durable execution |
Durable execution |
runFiber(), stash(), surviving DO eviction |
| Queue |
Queue |
Built-in FIFO queue, queue() |
| Retries |
Retries |
this.retry(), backoff/jitter |
| Observability |
Observability |
Diagnostics-channel events |
| Push notifications |
Push notifications |
Web Push + VAPID from agents |
| Webhooks |
Webhooks |
Receiving external webhooks |
| Cross-domain auth |
Cross-domain auth |
WebSocket auth, tokens, CORS |
| Readonly connections |
Readonly |
shouldConnectionBeReadonly |
| Voice |
Voice |
Experimental STT/TTS, withVoice |
| Browse the web |
Browser tools |
Experimental CDP browser automation |
| Think |
Think |
Experimental higher-level chat agent class |
| Migrations |
AI SDK v5, AI SDK v6 |
Upgrading @cloudflare/ai-chat |
Capabilities
The Agents SDK provides:
- Persistent state — SQLite-backed, auto-synced to clients via
setState
- Callable RPC —
@callable() methods invoked over WebSocket
- Scheduling — One-time, recurring (
scheduleEvery), and cron tasks
- Workflows — Durable multi-step background processing via
AgentWorkflow
- Durable execution —
runFiber() / stash() for work that survives DO eviction
- Queue — Built-in FIFO queue with retries via
queue()
- Retries —
this.retry() with exponential backoff and jitter
- MCP integration — Connect to MCP servers or build your own with
McpAgent
- Email handling — Receive and reply to emails with secure routing
- Streaming chat —
AIChatAgent with resumable streams, message persistence, tools
- Server-driven messages —
saveMessages, waitUntilStable for proactive agent turns
- React hooks —
useAgent, useAgentChat for client apps
- Observability —
diagnostics_channel events for state, RPC, schedule, lifecycle
- Push notifications — Web Push + VAPID delivery from agents
- Webhooks — Receive and verify external webhooks
- Voice (experimental) — STT/TTS via
@cloudflare/voice
- Browser tools (experimental) — CDP-powered browsing via
agents/browser
- Think (experimental) — Higher-level chat agent via
@cloudflare/think
FIRST: Verify Installation
npm ls agents # Should show agents package
If not installed:
npm install agents
For chat agents:
npm install agents @cloudflare/ai-chat ai @ai-sdk/react
Wrangler Configuration
{
"compatibility_flags": ["nodejs_compat"],
"durable_objects": {
"bindings": [{ "name": "MyAgent", "class_name": "MyAgent" }]
},
"migrations": [{ "tag": "v1", "new_sqlite_classes": ["MyAgent"] }]
}
Gotchas:
- Do NOT enable
experimentalDecorators in tsconfig (breaks @callable)
- Never edit old migrations — always add new tags
- Each agent class needs its own DO binding + migration entry
- Add
"ai": { "binding": "AI" } for Workers AI
Agent Class
import { Agent, routeAgentRequest, callable } from "agents";
type State = { count: number };
export class Counter extends Agent<Env, State> {
initialState = { count: 0 };
validateStateChange(nextState: State, source: Connection | "server") {
if (nextState.count < 0) throw new Error("Count cannot be negative");
}
onStateUpdate(state: State, source: Connection | "server") {
console.log("State updated:", state);
}
@callable()
increment() {
this.setState({ count: this.state.count + 1 });
return this.state.count;
}
}
export default {
fetch: (req, env) => routeAgentRequest(req, env) ?? new Response("Not found", { status: 404 })
};
Routing
Requests route to /agents/{agent-name}/{instance-name}:
| Class |
URL |
Counter |
/agents/counter/user-123 |
ChatRoom |
/agents/chat-room/lobby |
Client: useAgent({ agent: "Counter", name: "user-123" })
Custom routing: use getAgentByName(env.MyAgent, "instance-id") then agent.fetch(request).
Core APIs
| Task |
API |
| Read state |
this.state.count |
| Write state |
this.setState({ count: 1 }) |
| SQL query |
this.sql`SELECT * FROM users WHERE id = ${id}` |
| Schedule (delay) |
await this.schedule(60, "task", payload) |
| Schedule (cron) |
await this.schedule("0 * * * *", "task", payload) |
| Schedule (interval) |
await this.scheduleEvery(30, "poll") |
| RPC method |
@callable() myMethod() { ... } |
| Streaming RPC |
@callable({ streaming: true }) stream(res) { ... } |
| Start workflow |
await this.runWorkflow("ProcessingWorkflow", params) |
| Durable fiber |
await this.runFiber("name", async (ctx) => { ... }) |
| Enqueue work |
this.queue("handler", payload) |
| Retry with backoff |
await this.retry(fn, { maxAttempts: 5 }) |
| Broadcast to clients |
this.broadcast(message) |
| Get connections |
this.getConnections(tag?) |
React Client
import { useAgent } from "agents/react";
function App() {
const [state, setLocalState] = useState({ count: 0 });
const agent = useAgent({
agent: "Counter",
name: "my-instance",
onStateUpdate: (newState) => setLocalState(newState),
onIdentity: (name, agentType) => console.log(`Connected to ${name}`)
});
return (
<button => agent.setState({ count: state.count + 1 })}>
Count: {state.count}
</button>
);
}
References
Core
- references/state-scheduling.md — State persistence, scheduling, SQL
- references/callable.md — RPC methods, streaming, timeouts
- references/routing.md — URL patterns, custom routing,
getAgentByName
- references/configuration.md — Wrangler config, bindings, Vite setup
Chat & Streaming
- references/streaming-chat.md — AIChatAgent, resumable streams, tools
- references/client-sdk.md —
useAgent, useAgentChat, AgentClient
- references/server-driven-messages.md — Trigger patterns,
saveMessages
- references/human-in-the-loop.md — Approval flows,
needsApproval
Background Processing
- references/workflows.md — Durable Workflows integration
- references/durable-execution.md —
runFiber, stash, surviving eviction
- references/queue-retries.md — Built-in queue, retry with backoff
Integrations
- references/mcp.md — MCP client and server, transports, securing
- references/email.md — Email routing and handling
- references/webhooks-push.md — Webhooks, push notifications
- references/observability.md — Diagnostics-channel events
Experimental
- references/think.md —
@cloudflare/think higher-level chat agent
- references/voice.md —
@cloudflare/voice STT/TTS
- references/codemode.md — Code Mode for tool orchestration
- references/browse-the-web.md — CDP browser tools
1---2name: cursor-plugin-cf-agents-sdk3description: Build AI agents on Cloudflare Workers using the Agents SDK. Load when creating stateful agents, durable workflows, real-time WebSocket apps, scheduled tasks, MCP servers, chat applications, voice agents, or browser automation. Covers Agent class, state management, callable RPC, Workflows, durable execution, queues, retries, observability, and React hooks. Biases towards retrieval from Cloudflare docs over pre-trained knowledge.4---5# Cloudflare Agents SDK67Your knowledge of the Agents SDK may be outdated. **Prefer retrieval over pre-training** for any Agents SDK task.89## Retrieval Sources1011Cloudflare docs: https://developers.cloudflare.com/agents/1213| Topic | Docs URL | Use for |14|-------|----------|---------|15| Getting started | [Quick start](https://developers.cloudflare.com/agents/getting-started/quick-start/) | First agent, project setup |16| Adding to existing project | [Add to existing project](https://developers.cloudflare.com/agents/getting-started/add-to-existing-project/) | Install into existing Workers app |17| Configuration | [Configuration](https://developers.cloudflare.com/agents/api-reference/configuration/) | `wrangler.jsonc`, bindings, assets, deployment |18| Agent class | [Agents API](https://developers.cloudflare.com/agents/api-reference/agents-api/) | Agent lifecycle, patterns, pitfalls |19| State | [Store and sync state](https://developers.cloudflare.com/agents/api-reference/store-and-sync-state/) | `setState`, `validateStateChange`, persistence |20| Routing | [Routing](https://developers.cloudflare.com/agents/api-reference/routing/) | URL patterns, `routeAgentRequest` |21| Callable methods | [Callable methods](https://developers.cloudflare.com/agents/api-reference/callable-methods/) | `@callable`, RPC, streaming, timeouts |22| Scheduling | [Schedule tasks](https://developers.cloudflare.com/agents/api-reference/schedule-tasks/) | `schedule()`, `scheduleEvery()`, cron |23| Workflows | [Run workflows](https://developers.cloudflare.com/agents/api-reference/run-workflows/) | `AgentWorkflow`, durable multi-step tasks |24| HTTP/WebSockets | [WebSockets](https://developers.cloudflare.com/agents/api-reference/websockets/) | Lifecycle hooks, hibernation |25| Chat agents | [Chat agents](https://developers.cloudflare.com/agents/api-reference/chat-agents/) | `AIChatAgent`, streaming, tools, persistence |26| Client SDK | [Client SDK](https://developers.cloudflare.com/agents/api-reference/client-sdk/) | `useAgent`, `useAgentChat`, React hooks |27| Client tools | [Client tools](https://developers.cloudflare.com/agents/api-reference/client-tools/) | Client-side tools, `autoContinueAfterToolResult` |28| Server-driven messages | [Trigger patterns](https://developers.cloudflare.com/agents/api-reference/trigger-patterns/) | `saveMessages`, `waitUntilStable`, server-initiated turns |29| Resumable streaming | [Resumable streaming](https://developers.cloudflare.com/agents/api-reference/resumable-streaming/) | Stream recovery on disconnect |30| Email | [Email](https://developers.cloudflare.com/agents/api-reference/email/) | Email routing, secure reply resolver |31| MCP client | [MCP client](https://developers.cloudflare.com/agents/api-reference/mcp-client-api/) | Connecting to MCP servers |32| MCP server | [MCP server](https://developers.cloudflare.com/agents/api-reference/mcp-agent-api/) | Building MCP servers with `McpAgent` |33| MCP transports | [MCP transports](https://developers.cloudflare.com/agents/api-reference/mcp-transports/) | Streamable HTTP, SSE, RPC transport options |34| Securing MCP servers | [Securing MCP](https://developers.cloudflare.com/agents/api-reference/securing-mcp-servers/) | OAuth, proxy MCP, hardening |35| Human-in-the-loop | [Human-in-the-loop](https://developers.cloudflare.com/agents/concepts/human-in-the-loop/) | Approval flows, `needsApproval`, workflows |36| Durable execution | [Durable execution](https://developers.cloudflare.com/agents/api-reference/durable-execution/) | `runFiber()`, `stash()`, surviving DO eviction |37| Queue | [Queue](https://developers.cloudflare.com/agents/api-reference/queue-tasks/) | Built-in FIFO queue, `queue()` |38| Retries | [Retries](https://developers.cloudflare.com/agents/api-reference/retries/) | `this.retry()`, backoff/jitter |39| Observability | [Observability](https://developers.cloudflare.com/agents/api-reference/observability/) | Diagnostics-channel events |40| Push notifications | [Push notifications](https://developers.cloudflare.com/agents/api-reference/push-notifications/) | Web Push + VAPID from agents |41| Webhooks | [Webhooks](https://developers.cloudflare.com/agents/api-reference/webhooks/) | Receiving external webhooks |42| Cross-domain auth | [Cross-domain auth](https://developers.cloudflare.com/agents/api-reference/cross-domain-authentication/) | WebSocket auth, tokens, CORS |43| Readonly connections | [Readonly](https://developers.cloudflare.com/agents/api-reference/readonly-connections/) | `shouldConnectionBeReadonly` |44| Voice | [Voice](https://developers.cloudflare.com/agents/api-reference/voice/) | Experimental STT/TTS, `withVoice` |45| Browse the web | [Browser tools](https://developers.cloudflare.com/agents/api-reference/browse-the-web/) | Experimental CDP browser automation |46| Think | [Think](https://developers.cloudflare.com/agents/api-reference/think/) | Experimental higher-level chat agent class |47| Migrations | [AI SDK v5](https://developers.cloudflare.com/agents/guides/migration-to-ai-sdk-v5/), [AI SDK v6](https://developers.cloudflare.com/agents/guides/migration-to-ai-sdk-v6/) | Upgrading `@cloudflare/ai-chat` |4849## Capabilities5051The Agents SDK provides:5253- **Persistent state** — SQLite-backed, auto-synced to clients via `setState`54- **Callable RPC** — `@callable()` methods invoked over WebSocket55- **Scheduling** — One-time, recurring (`scheduleEvery`), and cron tasks56- **Workflows** — Durable multi-step background processing via `AgentWorkflow`57- **Durable execution** — `runFiber()` / `stash()` for work that survives DO eviction58- **Queue** — Built-in FIFO queue with retries via `queue()`59- **Retries** — `this.retry()` with exponential backoff and jitter60- **MCP integration** — Connect to MCP servers or build your own with `McpAgent`61- **Email handling** — Receive and reply to emails with secure routing62- **Streaming chat** — `AIChatAgent` with resumable streams, message persistence, tools63- **Server-driven messages** — `saveMessages`, `waitUntilStable` for proactive agent turns64- **React hooks** — `useAgent`, `useAgentChat` for client apps65- **Observability** — `diagnostics_channel` events for state, RPC, schedule, lifecycle66- **Push notifications** — Web Push + VAPID delivery from agents67- **Webhooks** — Receive and verify external webhooks68- **Voice** (experimental) — STT/TTS via `@cloudflare/voice`69- **Browser tools** (experimental) — CDP-powered browsing via `agents/browser`70- **Think** (experimental) — Higher-level chat agent via `@cloudflare/think`7172## FIRST: Verify Installation7374```bash75npm ls agents # Should show agents package76```7778If not installed:79```bash80npm install agents81```8283For chat agents:84```bash85npm install agents @cloudflare/ai-chat ai @ai-sdk/react86```8788## Wrangler Configuration8990```jsonc91{92 "compatibility_flags": ["nodejs_compat"],93 "durable_objects": {94 "bindings": [{ "name": "MyAgent", "class_name": "MyAgent" }]95 },96 "migrations": [{ "tag": "v1", "new_sqlite_classes": ["MyAgent"] }]97}98```99100**Gotchas:**101- Do NOT enable `experimentalDecorators` in tsconfig (breaks `@callable`)102- Never edit old migrations — always add new tags103- Each agent class needs its own DO binding + migration entry104- Add `"ai": { "binding": "AI" }` for Workers AI105106## Agent Class107108```typescript109import { Agent, routeAgentRequest, callable } from "agents";110111type State = { count: number };112113export class Counter extends Agent<Env, State> {114 initialState = { count: 0 };115116 validateStateChange(nextState: State, source: Connection | "server") {117 if (nextState.count < 0) throw new Error("Count cannot be negative");118 }119120 onStateUpdate(state: State, source: Connection | "server") {121 console.log("State updated:", state);122 }123124 @callable()125 increment() {126 this.setState({ count: this.state.count + 1 });127 return this.state.count;128 }129}130131export default {132 fetch: (req, env) => routeAgentRequest(req, env) ?? new Response("Not found", { status: 404 })133};134```135136## Routing137138Requests route to `/agents/{agent-name}/{instance-name}`:139140| Class | URL |141|-------|-----|142| `Counter` | `/agents/counter/user-123` |143| `ChatRoom` | `/agents/chat-room/lobby` |144145Client: `useAgent({ agent: "Counter", name: "user-123" })`146147Custom routing: use `getAgentByName(env.MyAgent, "instance-id")` then `agent.fetch(request)`.148149## Core APIs150151| Task | API |152|------|-----|153| Read state | `this.state.count` |154| Write state | `this.setState({ count: 1 })` |155| SQL query | `` this.sql`SELECT * FROM users WHERE id = ${id}` `` |156| Schedule (delay) | `await this.schedule(60, "task", payload)` |157| Schedule (cron) | `await this.schedule("0 * * * *", "task", payload)` |158| Schedule (interval) | `await this.scheduleEvery(30, "poll")` |159| RPC method | `@callable() myMethod() { ... }` |160| Streaming RPC | `@callable({ streaming: true }) stream(res) { ... }` |161| Start workflow | `await this.runWorkflow("ProcessingWorkflow", params)` |162| Durable fiber | `await this.runFiber("name", async (ctx) => { ... })` |163| Enqueue work | `this.queue("handler", payload)` |164| Retry with backoff | `await this.retry(fn, { maxAttempts: 5 })` |165| Broadcast to clients | `this.broadcast(message)` |166| Get connections | `this.getConnections(tag?)` |167168## React Client169170```tsx171import { useAgent } from "agents/react";172173function App() {174 const [state, setLocalState] = useState({ count: 0 });175176 const agent = useAgent({177 agent: "Counter",178 name: "my-instance",179 onStateUpdate: (newState) => setLocalState(newState),180 onIdentity: (name, agentType) => console.log(`Connected to ${name}`)181 });182183 return (184 <button onClick={() => agent.setState({ count: state.count + 1 })}>185 Count: {state.count}186 </button>187 );188}189```190191## References192193### Core194- **[references/state-scheduling.md](references/state-scheduling.md)** — State persistence, scheduling, SQL195- **[references/callable.md](references/callable.md)** — RPC methods, streaming, timeouts196- **[references/routing.md](references/routing.md)** — URL patterns, custom routing, `getAgentByName`197- **[references/configuration.md](references/configuration.md)** — Wrangler config, bindings, Vite setup198199### Chat & Streaming200- **[references/streaming-chat.md](references/streaming-chat.md)** — AIChatAgent, resumable streams, tools201- **[references/client-sdk.md](references/client-sdk.md)** — `useAgent`, `useAgentChat`, `AgentClient`202- **[references/server-driven-messages.md](references/server-driven-messages.md)** — Trigger patterns, `saveMessages`203- **[references/human-in-the-loop.md](references/human-in-the-loop.md)** — Approval flows, `needsApproval`204205### Background Processing206- **[references/workflows.md](references/workflows.md)** — Durable Workflows integration207- **[references/durable-execution.md](references/durable-execution.md)** — `runFiber`, `stash`, surviving eviction208- **[references/queue-retries.md](references/queue-retries.md)** — Built-in queue, retry with backoff209210### Integrations211- **[references/mcp.md](references/mcp.md)** — MCP client and server, transports, securing212- **[references/email.md](references/email.md)** — Email routing and handling213- **[references/webhooks-push.md](references/webhooks-push.md)** — Webhooks, push notifications214- **[references/observability.md](references/observability.md)** — Diagnostics-channel events215216### Experimental217- **[references/think.md](references/think.md)** — `@cloudflare/think` higher-level chat agent218- **[references/voice.md](references/voice.md)** — `@cloudflare/voice` STT/TTS219- **[references/codemode.md](references/codemode.md)** — Code Mode for tool orchestration220- **[references/browse-the-web.md](references/browse-the-web.md)** — CDP browser tools