Nuxt Server Data

Nuxt Server Data

The server-side persistence layer for a Nuxt + NuxtHub + Cloudflare app. Drizzle ORM models the schema in TypeScript, NuxtHub auto-exposes a db handle, D1 is the runtime database.

This is the server-side counterpart to nuxt-repositories — repositories are the client-side API access layer; this skill covers what's behind the API.

When to use

• Designing a Drizzle schema for D1 / SQLite
• Generating and applying migrations (local + remote)
• Querying inside Nitro server routes (server/api/*.post.ts)
• Sharing types between client and server via shared/types/
• Avoiding the wrangler-deploy migration gotcha (migrations do NOT auto-apply)
• Testing DB writes with isolation seams

Reference files

• drizzle-d1.md — schema definition (sqliteTable, json columns, notNull, defaults), querying patterns (select, insert, count, joins), Drizzle conventions
• nuxt-hub.md — hub.db config, the auto-imported db and schema exports, migration generation (nuxt-hub db generate), the _hub_migrations table, local vs remote migration apply, the build-then-wrangler script pattern
• server-types.md — shared/utils/ and shared/types/ for cross-side type reuse, Drizzle's inferred row types, request/response shape sharing with Zod

Stack at a glance

Vue component
   │  $fetch('/api/contact', ...)
   ▼
server/api/contact.post.ts        ← Nitro event handler
   │  validates via shared Zod schema
   ▼
db.insert(submissions).values(...)
   │  auto-imported `db` from NuxtHub
   ▼
Cloudflare D1                    ← SQLite at the edge

Quick example

// server/db/schema.ts
import { sql } from 'drizzle-orm'
import { sqliteTable, text, integer } from 'drizzle-orm/sqlite-core'

export const submissions = sqliteTable('submissions', {
  id:          text('id').primaryKey(),
  createdAt:   text('created_at').notNull().default(sql`(datetime('now'))`),
  name:        text('name').notNull(),
  email:       text('email').notNull(),
  preferences: text('preferences', { mode: 'json' }).$type<string[]>(),
  status:      text('status').notNull().default('new')
})

// server/api/contact.post.ts
import { and, eq, gt, sql } from 'drizzle-orm'
import { submissions } from '../db/schema'

export default defineEventHandler(async (event) => {
  const data = await readValidatedBody(event, contactPayloadSchema.parse)

  await db.insert(submissions).values({
    id: crypto.randomUUID(),
    name: data.name,
    email: data.email,
    preferences: data.preferences
  })

  return { ok: true }
})

Notice: db is auto-imported by NuxtHub — no import { db } from ... line. Schema is imported by name (submissions) from ../db/schema.

Critical: migrations don't auto-apply

Neither nuxt build, wrangler deploy, nor Cloudflare Workers Builds run migrations. You apply them manually from a local checkout:

// package.json
"scripts": {
  "db:migrate:remote": "NITRO_PRESET=cloudflare-module nuxt build && npx wrangler d1 migrations apply DB --remote --config .output/server/wrangler.json"
}

Detail in nuxt-hub.md. This is the single biggest footgun in the stack — if you're seeing "no such table" on prod after a deploy, you forgot this step.

Anti-patterns

• ❌ Querying from shared/utils/ — that code runs in the client bundle too. Server queries go in server/ only.
• ❌ Importing db explicitly — it's auto-imported by NuxtHub; an explicit import path is a sign you're working against the framework.
• ❌ Putting raw SQL strings inline for filtering — use Drizzle's eq/and/gt operators; they're typed against your schema.
• ❌ Running migrations against --remote from a CI environment — CI doesn't have your wrangler auth and the build script in db:migrate:remote does. Run it locally.
• ❌ Reaching for vi.mock('~/server/db') in tests — see nuxt-testing/test-seams.md for the env-guarded seam pattern.

Related

• nuxt-config — Cloudflare Workers deployment, wrangler.json generation, secrets vs vars
• nuxt-forms — the contact.post.ts route that consumes the submissions table
• nuxt-testing — DB test isolation seam (/api/_dev/db)
• nuxt-repositories — client-side API access (the layer above this one)