Data Extractor

Data Extractor

Extract structured, clean data from unstructured or messy sources. Turn chaos into usable data.

Supported Formats

JSON

• Nested objects
• Arrays of objects
• Mixed types
• Malformed JSON
• Large files (streaming)

CSV

• Headers or headerless
• Various delimiters
• Quoted fields
• Multiline values
• Large files (streaming)

Logs

• Application logs
• Server logs
• Error logs
• Access logs
• Custom formats

Text

• Key-value pairs
• Tables
• Lists
• Mixed content

Common Patterns

Extract JSON from Text

Input: "The response was {'status': 'ok', 'data': [1, 2, 3]} and then..."
Output: {"status": "ok", "data": [1, 2, 3]}

import re
import json

def extract_json(text):
    # Find JSON-like structures
    pattern = r'\{[^{}]*(?:\{[^{}]*\}[^{}]*)*\}'
    matches = re.findall(pattern, text)
    
    for match in matches:
        try:
            return json.loads(match)
        except json.JSONDecodeError:
            continue
    return None

Parse CSV with Issues

# Handle: missing values, inconsistent quotes, mixed delimiters

import csv
from io import StringIO

def parse_messy_csv(text):
    lines = text.strip().split('\n')
    
    # Detect delimiter
    delimiters = [',', ';', '\t', '|']
    delimiter = ','
    for d in delimiters:
        if lines[0].count(d) > lines[0].count(delimiter):
            delimiter = d
    
    # Parse with error handling
    reader = csv.reader(StringIO(text), delimiter=delimiter)
    rows = []
    for row in reader:
        # Clean each field
        cleaned = [field.strip().strip('"').strip("'") for field in row]
        rows.append(cleaned)
    
    return rows

Extract Key-Value Pairs

Input: "name: John, age: 30, city: New York"
Output: {"name": "John", "age": "30", "city": "New York"}

import re

def extract_key_value(text):
    patterns = [
        r'(\w+)\s*:\s*([^,\n]+)',      # key: value
        r'(\w+)\s*=\s*([^,\n]+)',      # key=value
        r'"?(\w+)"?\s*[:=]\s*"?([^,"\n]+)"?',  # quoted variants
    ]
    
    result = {}
    for pattern in patterns:
        matches = re.findall(pattern, text)
        for key, value in matches:
            result[key.strip()] = value.strip()
    
    return result

Parse Logs

# Common log formats

import re
from datetime import datetime

def parse_log_line(line):
    # Try common patterns
    
    # Apache/Nginx access log
    pattern = r'(\S+) \S+ \S+ \[([^\]]+)\] "(\S+) ([^"]+) HTTP/\d\.\d" (\d+) (\d+)'
    match = re.match(pattern, line)
    if match:
        return {
            "ip": match.group(1),
            "timestamp": match.group(2),
            "method": match.group(3),
            "path": match.group(4),
            "status": int(match.group(5)),
            "size": int(match.group(6))
        }
    
    # JSON log
    if line.startswith('{'):
        try:
            return json.loads(line)
        except:
            pass
    
    # Key-value log
    if '=' in line:
        return extract_key_value(line)
    
    return {"raw": line}

Handling Edge Cases

Malformed JSON

def fix_json(text):
    # Common fixes
    
    # Single quotes to double quotes
    text = re.sub(r"'([^']*)'", r'"\1"', text)
    
    # Unquoted keys
    text = re.sub(r'(\w+):', r'"\1":', text)
    
    # Trailing commas
    text = re.sub(r',\s*([}\]])', r'\1', text)
    
    # Missing quotes around values
    text = re.sub(r':\s*([a-zA-Z_]\w*)(?=[,}\]])', r': "\1"', text)
    
    return text

Large Files

def stream_jsonl(file_path):
    """Stream JSON Lines (JSONL) format"""
    with open(file_path, 'r') as f:
        for line in f:
            try:
                yield json.loads(line)
            except json.JSONDecodeError:
                continue

def stream_csv(file_path, chunk_size=1000):
    """Stream CSV in chunks"""
    with open(file_path, 'r') as f:
        reader = csv.reader(f)
        headers = next(reader)
        
        chunk = []
        for row in reader:
            chunk.append(dict(zip(headers, row)))
            if len(chunk) >= chunk_size:
                yield chunk
                chunk = []
        
        if chunk:
            yield chunk

Mixed Formats

def detect_and_parse(content):
    """Auto-detect format and parse"""
    
    content = content.strip()
    
    # JSON
    if content.startswith('{') or content.startswith('['):
        try:
            return json.loads(content)
        except:
            pass
    
    # JSONL
    if '\n{' in content:
        try:
            return [json.loads(line) for line in content.split('\n') if line.strip()]
        except:
            pass
    
    # CSV
    if ',' in content and '\n' in content:
        lines = content.split('\n')
        if len(lines) > 1:
            return parse_messy_csv(content)
    
    # Key-value
    if '=' in content or ':' in content:
        return extract_key_value(content)
    
    # Lines
    return content.split('\n')

Data Cleaning

Remove Duplicates

def deduplicate(data, key=None):
    if isinstance(data, list):
        if key:
            seen = set()
            result = []
            for item in data:
                val = item.get(key) if isinstance(item, dict) else item
                if val not in seen:
                    seen.add(val)
                    result.append(item)
            return result
        return list(set(data))
    return data

Normalize Values

def normalize(data):
    if isinstance(data, dict):
        return {k: normalize(v) for k, v in data.items()}
    elif isinstance(data, list):
        return [normalize(item) for item in data]
    elif isinstance(data, str):
        # Lowercase, trim, standardize whitespace
        data = data.lower().strip()
        data = re.sub(r'\s+', ' ', data)
        
        # Convert common values
        if data in ('true', 'yes', 'on'):
            return True
        if data in ('false', 'no', 'off'):
            return False
        if data in ('null', 'none', 'n/a', ''):
            return None
        
        # Try numeric
        try:
            return int(data)
        except:
            try:
                return float(data)
            except:
                pass
        
        return data
    return data

Validate Schema

def validate(data, schema):
    errors = []
    
    # Required fields
    for field in schema.get('required', []):
        if field not in data:
            errors.append(f"Missing required field: {field}")
    
    # Type checking
    for field, expected_type in schema.get('types', {}).items():
        if field in data and not isinstance(data[field], expected_type):
            errors.append(f"Field {field} should be {expected_type.__name__}")
    
    # Value ranges
    for field, (min_val, max_val) in schema.get('ranges', {}).items():
        if field in data:
            if not (min_val <= data[field] <= max_val):
                errors.append(f"Field {field} out of range: {data[field]}")
    
    return len(errors) == 0, errors

Output Formats

To JSON

import json

def to_json(data, pretty=True):
    if pretty:
        return json.dumps(data, indent=2, ensure_ascii=False)
    return json.dumps(data, ensure_ascii=False)

To CSV

import csv
from io import StringIO

def to_csv(data, headers=None):
    if not data:
        return ""
    
    output = StringIO()
    
    if isinstance(data[0], dict):
        headers = headers or list(data[0].keys())
        writer = csv.DictWriter(output, fieldnames=headers)
        writer.writeheader()
        writer.writerows(data)
    else:
        writer = csv.writer(output)
        if headers:
            writer.writerow(headers)
        writer.writerows(data)
    
    return output.getvalue()

To Markdown Table

def to_markdown_table(data):
    if not data:
        return ""
    
    if isinstance(data[0], dict):
        headers = list(data[0].keys())
        rows = [[str(row.get(h, '')) for h in headers] for row in data]
    else:
        headers = [f"Col {i+1}" for i in range(len(data[0]))]
        rows = data
    
    # Build table
    result = []
    result.append('| ' + ' | '.join(headers) + ' |')
    result.append('| ' + ' | '.join(['---'] * len(headers)) + ' |')
    
    for row in rows:
        result.append('| ' + ' | '.join(str(cell) for cell in row) + ' |')
    
    return '\n'.join(result)

Usage Examples

Example 1: Extract JSON from API Response

Input (messy):
"API returned: {status: 'success', data: {users: [{id: 1, name: 'John'}, {id: 2, name: 'Jane'}]}, timestamp: '2026-03-16'}"

Output (clean):
{
  "status": "success",
  "data": {
    "users": [
      {"id": 1, "name": "John"},
      {"id": 2, "name": "Jane"}
    ]
  },
  "timestamp": "2026-03-16"
}

Example 2: Parse Mixed Log

Input:
192.168.1.1 - - [16/Mar/2026:12:00:00 +0000] "GET /api HTTP/1.1" 200 1234
{"level": "INFO", "message": "User logged in", "user_id": 123}
name=John action=login time=12:00

Output:
[
  {"ip": "192.168.1.1", "timestamp": "16/Mar/2026:12:00:00 +0000", "method": "GET", "path": "/api", "status": 200, "size": 1234},
  {"level": "INFO", "message": "User logged in", "user_id": 123},
  {"name": "John", "action": "login", "time": "12:00"}
]

Example 3: Clean CSV

Input (messy):
name,age,city
"John", 30, "New York"
'Jane',,Los Angeles
"Bob","forty","Chicago"

Output (clean):
[
  {"name": "John", "age": 30, "city": "New York"},
  {"name": "Jane", "age": null, "city": "Los Angeles"},
  {"name": "Bob", "age": "forty", "city": "Chicago"}
]

Best Practices

1. Always validate input - Check format before parsing
2. Handle errors gracefully - Log and continue or fail cleanly
3. Stream large files - Don't load everything into memory
4. Normalize consistently - Same rules for all data
5. Document transformations - What changed and why
6. Preserve originals - Keep raw data until confirmed clean
7. Test edge cases - Empty, null, malformed, very large
8. Use appropriate types - Numbers as numbers, dates as dates

Performance Tips

1. Use streaming for files > 10MB
2. Batch processing for database inserts
3. Parallel parsing for independent chunks
4. Lazy evaluation with generators
5. Cache parsed results if reused frequently