1---2name: azure-data-explorer3description: Expert knowledge for Azure Data Explorer development including troubleshooting, best practices, decision making, architecture & design patterns, limits & quotas, security, configuration, integrations & coding patterns, and deployment. Use when configuring ADX auth/RBAC and private endpoints, streaming/queued ingestion, follower DBs, or Power BI integration, and other Azure Data Explorer related development tasks. Not for Azure Synapse Analytics (use azure-synapse-analytics), Azure Stream Analytics (use azure-stream-analytics), Azure HDInsight (use azure-hdinsight), Azure Databricks (use azure-databricks).4---5# Azure Data Explorer Skill67This skill provides expert guidance for Azure Data Explorer. Covers troubleshooting, best practices, decision making, architecture & design patterns, limits & quotas, security, configuration, integrations & coding patterns, and deployment. It combines local quick-reference content with remote documentation fetching capabilities.89## How to Use This Skill1011> **IMPORTANT for Agent**: Use the **Category Index** below to locate relevant sections. For categories with line ranges (e.g., `L35-L120`), use `read_file` with the specified lines. For categories with file links (e.g., `[security.md](security.md)`), use `read_file` on the linked reference file1213> **IMPORTANT for Agent**: If `metadata.generated_at` is more than 3 months old, suggest the user pull the latest version from the repository. If `mcp_microsoftdocs` tools are not available, suggest the user install it: [Installation Guide](https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/mcp/blob/main/README.md)1415This skill requires **network access** to fetch documentation content:16- **Preferred**: Use `mcp_microsoftdocs:microsoft_docs_fetch` with query string `from=learn-agent-skill`. Returns Markdown.17- **Fallback**: Use `fetch_webpage` with query string `from=learn-agent-skill&accept=text/markdown`. Returns Markdown.1819## Category Index2021| Category | Lines | Description |22|----------|-------|-------------|23| Troubleshooting | L37-L47 | Diagnosing and fixing ADX cluster health, creation, connection, private endpoint, ingestion, and DB/table operation errors, including interpreting error codes and using Azure Resource Health. |24| Best Practices | L48-L59 | Guidance on ADX performance and reliability: schema design, handling duplicates, JSON ingestion, monitoring queued ingestion, hot/cold data querying, high concurrency, and Power BI integration. |25| Decision Making | L60-L73 | Guidance on choosing ADX cluster SKUs, scaling, confidential/isolated compute, streaming ingestion, migration from Elasticsearch, and optimizing/pricing with reservations and cost per GB. |26| Architecture & Design Patterns | L74-L80 | Designing ADX architectures for DR, regional replication, business continuity, cross-cluster access via follower DBs, and multi-tenant deployment patterns. |27| Limits & Quotas | L81-L91 | Cluster limits and behaviors: free cluster quotas, auto-stop, safe delete/recover, ingestion file size and invalid data handling, and supported data/compression formats. |28| Security | L92-L119 | Configuring ADX security: auth/RBAC, managed identities, encryption/CMK, network isolation (private endpoints, outbound/public access), policies, locks, and privacy/data purge. |29| Configuration | L120-L136 | Configuring ADX clusters, schemas, policies, plugins, and data connections, plus emulator setup, KQL/T-SQL use, monitoring refs, and web UI settings/profiles/shortcuts. |30| Integrations & Coding Patterns | L137-L170 | Integrating ADX with tools and services: SQL/JDBC/ODBC, PowerShell, Power Automate/Apps, Logic Apps, Functions, Grafana, Splunk, OpenTelemetry, Tableau, Python, MATLAB, Sisense, and more. |31| Deployment | L171-L177 | Provisioning and automating ADX environments, deploying schema via Azure DevOps, and migrating clusters to availability zones and from VNet injection to private endpoints. |3233### Troubleshooting34| Topic | URL |35|-------|-----|36| Monitor and troubleshoot Azure Data Explorer cluster health | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/check-cluster-health |37| Interpret ADX ingestion error codes and failures | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/error-codes |38| Use Resource Health to diagnose ADX issues | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/monitor-with-resource-health |39| Troubleshoot Azure Data Explorer private endpoint issues | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/security-network-private-endpoint-troubleshoot |40| Fix Azure Data Explorer cluster connection issues | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/troubleshoot-connect-cluster |41| Troubleshoot Azure Data Explorer cluster creation failures | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/troubleshoot-create-cluster |42| Resolve Azure Data Explorer DB and table operation failures | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/troubleshoot-database-table |4344### Best Practices45| Topic | URL |46|-------|-----|47| Handle duplicate data in Azure Data Explorer | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/dealing-with-duplicates |48| Optimize Azure Data Explorer clusters for high-concurrency workloads | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/high-concurrency |49| Use hot windows to efficiently query cold data in Azure Data Explorer | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/hot-windows |50| Ingest JSON into Azure Data Explorer with KQL, C#, and Python | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/ingest-json-formats |51| Azure Data Explorer ingestion FAQ and guidance | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/ingestion-faq |52| Monitor queued ingestion metrics in ADX | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/monitor-queued-ingestion |53| Apply Power BI best practices for Azure Data Explorer | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/power-bi-best-practices |54| Optimize Azure Data Explorer table schema design | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/schema-best-practice |5556### Decision Making57| Topic | URL |58|-------|-----|59| Deploy Azure Data Explorer with confidential compute | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/confidential-compute |60| Decide when to use streaming ingestion in Azure Data Explorer | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/ingest-data-streaming |61| Select isolated compute SKUs for Data Explorer clusters | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/isolated-compute |62| Choose optimal Azure Data Explorer compute SKU | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/manage-cluster-choose-sku |63| Plan vertical scaling and SKU changes for clusters | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/manage-cluster-vertical-scaling |64| Migrate Elasticsearch workloads to Azure Data Explorer | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/migrate-elasticsearch-to-azure-data-explorer |65| Use ADX pricing calculator for cluster planning | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/pricing-calculator |66| Optimize ADX cost per GB ingested | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/pricing-cost-drivers |67| Understand ADX reservation discount application | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/pricing-reservation-discount |68| Buy ADX reserved capacity to reduce markup costs | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/pricing-reserved-capacity |6970### Architecture & Design Patterns71| Topic | URL |72|-------|-----|73| Design ADX regional DR and replication solutions | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/business-continuity-create-solution |74| Use follower databases for cross-cluster ADX access | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/follower |75| Choose Azure Data Explorer multi-tenant architecture | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/multi-tenant |7677### Limits & Quotas78| Topic | URL |79|-------|-----|80| Understand automatic stop behavior for inactive clusters | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/auto-stop-clusters |81| Apply Event Grid ingestion file size limits in Azure Data Explorer | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/create-event-grid-connection |82| Delete and recover Azure Data Explorer clusters safely | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/delete-cluster |83| Understand invalid data behavior during ADX ingestion | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/ingest-invalid-data |84| Supported data and compression formats for Azure Data Explorer ingestion | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/ingestion-supported-formats |85| Use Azure Data Explorer free cluster limits | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/start-for-free |86| Upgrade free Azure Data Explorer clusters and remove limits | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/start-for-free-upgrade |8788### Security89| Topic | URL |90|-------|-----|91| Programmatically add Azure Data Explorer cluster principals | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/add-cluster-principal |92| Programmatically add Azure Data Explorer database principals | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/add-database-principal |93| Enable disk encryption for Azure Data Explorer clusters | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/cluster-encryption-disk |94| Configure encryption options for Azure Data Explorer clusters | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/cluster-encryption-overview |95| Configure managed identities on Azure Data Explorer clusters | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/configure-managed-identities-cluster |96| Configure cross-tenant access for Azure Data Explorer | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/cross-tenant-query-and-commands |97| Configure customer-managed keys for Azure Data Explorer | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/customer-managed-keys |98| Purge personal data from Azure Data Explorer | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/data-purge-portal |99| Authenticate external tables with managed identities | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/external-tables-managed-identities |100| Ingest data using managed identity authentication | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/ingest-data-managed-identity |101| Configure and manage Azure Data Explorer cluster locks | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/manage-cluster-locks |102| Configure Azure Data Explorer cluster RBAC permissions | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/manage-cluster-permissions |103| Configure database and table RBAC in Azure Data Explorer | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/manage-database-permissions |104| Use managed identities with Azure Data Explorer | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/managed-identities-overview |105| Apply built-in Azure Policy definitions to ADX | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/policy-reference |106| Securely connect private-endpoint clusters to Power BI | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/power-bi-private-endpoint |107| Create and authorize Microsoft Entra apps for Data Explorer | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/provision-entra-id-app |108| Enable conditional access policies for Azure Data Explorer | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/security-conditional-access |109| Apply Azure Policy compliance controls to Data Explorer | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/security-controls-policy |110| Configure managed private endpoints for Data Explorer | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/security-network-managed-private-endpoint-create |111| Plan network security for Azure Data Explorer clusters | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/security-network-overview |112| Secure Azure Data Explorer with private endpoints | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/security-network-private-endpoint |113| Restrict outbound access from Azure Data Explorer clusters | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/security-network-restrict-outbound-access |114| Control public network access to Data Explorer clusters | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/security-network-restrict-public-access |115116### Configuration117| Topic | URL |118|-------|-----|119| Clone Azure Data Explorer database schemas with management commands | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/clone-database-schema |120| Programmatically configure Azure Data Explorer clusters | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/create-cluster-database |121| Use KQL database scripts in ARM deployments | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/database-script |122| Programmatically create Azure Data Explorer database and table policies | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/database-table-policies |123| Create cross-tenant Event Hubs data connections for Azure Data Explorer | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/ingest-data-cross-tenant |124| Install and run the ADX Kusto emulator | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/kusto-emulator-install |125| Manage language extension plugins in Azure Data Explorer | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/language-extensions |126| Reference metrics and logs for Azure Data Explorer monitoring | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/monitor-data-explorer-reference |127| Synchronize ADX schema with Sync Kusto tool | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/sync-kusto |128| Use T-SQL queries against Azure Data Explorer | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/t-sql |129| Customize Azure Data Explorer web UI environment settings | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/web-customize-settings |130| Configure cloud sync for Azure Data Explorer web UI profiles | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/web-sync |131| Use Azure Data Explorer web UI query keyboard shortcuts | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/web-ui-query-keyboard-shortcuts |132133### Integrations & Coding Patterns134| Topic | URL |135|-------|-----|136| Manage ADX with Azure PowerShell Kusto cmdlets | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/azure-powershell |137| Connect common SQL tools to Azure Data Explorer via emulation | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/connect-common-apps |138| Configure JDBC connectivity to Azure Data Explorer | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/connect-jdbc |139| Set up ODBC connections to Azure Data Explorer | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/connect-odbc |140| Query Azure Storage external tables from Azure Data Explorer | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/external-azure-storage-tables-query |141| Use ADX connector in Power Automate flows | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/flow |142| Automate ADX queries with Power Automate examples | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/flow-usage |143| Configure Grafana integration with Azure Data Explorer | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/grafana |144| Connect Splunk Enterprise to Azure Data Explorer for ingestion | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/ingest-data-splunk |145| Ingest data from Splunk Universal Forwarder into Azure Data Explorer | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/ingest-data-splunk-uf |146| Configure Telegraf Azure Data Explorer output plugin | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/ingest-data-telegraf |147| Use ADX input/output bindings in Azure Functions | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/integrate-azure-functions |148| Connect MCP AI agents to Azure Data Explorer | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/integrate-mcp-servers |149| Configure K2Bridge to use Azure Data Explorer in Kibana | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/k2bridge |150| Query ADX from Jupyter using Kqlmagic | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/kqlmagic |151| Query ADX as a linked server from SQL Server | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/linked-server |152| Run ADX queries via Logic Apps connector | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/logic-apps |153| Configure OpenTelemetry collector to ingest into Azure Data Explorer | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/open-telemetry-connector |154| Build Power Apps that query Azure Data Explorer via connector | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/power-apps-connector |155| Integrate Azure Data Explorer with Microsoft Purview | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/purview |156| Query Azure Data Explorer using the Python data client library | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/python-query-data |157| Query Azure Data Explorer from MATLAB using authorization tokens | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/query-matlab |158| Run cross-service queries between Azure Data Explorer and Azure Monitor | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/query-monitor-data |159| Use Redash native connector with Azure Data Explorer | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/redash |160| Use Serilog sink to stream logs into Azure Data Explorer | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/serilog-sink |161| Set up Sisense integration with Azure Data Explorer | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/sisense |162| Run KQL queries and stored functions over TDS from SQL clients | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/sql-kql-queries-and-stored-functions |163| Connect to Azure Data Explorer using SQL Server emulation (TDS endpoint) | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/sql-server-emulation-overview |164| Connect Azure Data Explorer to Tableau via ODBC | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/tableau |165| Debug KQL inline Python plugin code using Visual Studio Code | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/kusto/debug-inline-python?view=microsoft-fabric |166167### Deployment168| Topic | URL |169|-------|-----|170| Automate provisioning of Azure Data Explorer environments | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/automated-deploy-overview |171| Use Azure DevOps pipelines for Azure Data Explorer schema deployment | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/devops |172| Migrate Azure Data Explorer clusters to availability zones | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/migrate-cluster-to-multiple-availability-zone |173| Migrate Azure Data Explorer VNet injection to private endpoints | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/security-network-migrate-vnet-to-private-endpoint |
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