Cloud Infrastructure

Cloud Infrastructure Skill

Quick Reference

Learning Paths

AWS

[1] IAM + VPC (1-2 wk)
 │  └─ Roles, policies, networking
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[2] Compute: EC2, Lambda (2-3 wk)
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[3] Storage: S3, EBS (1-2 wk)
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[4] Database: RDS, DynamoDB (2-3 wk)
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[5] Containers: ECS, EKS (3-4 wk)
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[6] Monitoring: CloudWatch (1-2 wk)

Docker & Containers

[1] Docker Basics (1 wk)
 │  └─ Images, containers, Dockerfile
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[2] Multi-stage Builds (1 wk)
 │  └─ Optimization, layer caching
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[3] Docker Compose (1 wk)
 │  └─ Multi-container apps
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[4] Registry & Security (1 wk)
    └─ Push/pull, scanning, non-root

Kubernetes

[1] Pods & Deployments (2 wk)
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[2] Services & Networking (1-2 wk)
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[3] ConfigMaps & Secrets (1 wk)
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[4] Helm Charts (2 wk)
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[5] Production Patterns (ongoing)
    └─ HPA, PDB, resource limits

Terraform (IaC)

[1] Resources & State (1 wk)
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[2] Variables & Outputs (1 wk)
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[3] Modules (1-2 wk)
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[4] Remote State (1 wk)
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[5] Workspaces & Environments (1 wk)

Kubernetes Quick Reference

Terraform Structure

project/
├── main.tf           # Resources
├── variables.tf      # Inputs
├── outputs.tf        # Outputs
├── providers.tf      # Provider config
├── versions.tf       # Version constraints
├── modules/
│   ├── vpc/
│   ├── eks/
│   └── rds/
└── environments/
    ├── dev.tfvars
    ├── staging.tfvars
    └── prod.tfvars

CI/CD Pipeline Template

# GitHub Actions
name: CI/CD
on:
  push:
    branches: [main]
jobs:
  build-test-deploy:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - name: Build
        run: docker build -t app .
      - name: Test
        run: docker run app pytest
      - name: Push
        run: docker push registry/app:${{ github.sha }}
      - name: Deploy
        if: github.ref == 'refs/heads/main'
        run: kubectl set image deployment/app app=registry/app:${{ github.sha }}

Monitoring Stack

┌─────────────────────────────────────────┐
│         OBSERVABILITY STACK              │
├─────────────────────────────────────────┤
│  Metrics:  Prometheus → Grafana         │
│  Logs:     Loki / ELK                   │
│  Traces:   Jaeger / Tempo               │
│  Alerts:   Alertmanager → PagerDuty     │
└─────────────────────────────────────────┘

Troubleshooting

Container not starting?
├─► docker logs <container>
├─► Check port conflicts
├─► Check image name/tag
└─► Check resource limits

Pod in CrashLoopBackOff?
├─► kubectl describe pod <name>
├─► kubectl logs <pod>
├─► Check resource limits
├─► Check probes configuration
└─► Check image pull secrets

Terraform apply fails?
├─► terraform plan first
├─► Check state lock
├─► terraform import existing
└─► Restore state from backup

High cloud bill?
├─► Enable cost alerts
├─► Right-size instances
├─► Use spot instances
├─► Delete unused resources
└─► Storage lifecycle policies

Common Failure Modes

Best Practices

Docker

• Use multi-stage builds
• Run as non-root user
• Use .dockerignore
• Pin base image versions
• Scan for vulnerabilities

Kubernetes

• Set resource requests/limits
• Use readiness/liveness probes
• Store config in ConfigMaps
• Use namespaces for isolation
• Enable network policies

Terraform

• Use remote state (S3, GCS)
• Lock state file
• Use modules for reuse
• Plan before apply
• Tag all resources

Next Actions

Specify your cloud platform and focus area for detailed guidance.