Error Handling

Error Handling Skill

Purpose

Ensure consistent, informative error handling.

Backend Error Handling

Reference: patterns/backend-errors.md

Custom Error Classes

// templates/error-class.ts
export class AppError extends Error {
  constructor(
    public code: string,
    message: string,
    public statusCode: number = 500,
    public details?: unknown
  ) {
    super(message);
    this.name = 'AppError';
  }
}

export class ValidationError extends AppError {
  constructor(message: string, details?: unknown) {
    super('VALIDATION_ERROR', message, 400, details);
  }
}

export class NotFoundError extends AppError {
  constructor(resource: string) {
    super('NOT_FOUND', `${resource} not found`, 404);
  }
}

Error Handler Middleware

function errorHandler(err, req, res, next) {
  logger.error(err);

  if (err instanceof AppError) {
    return res.status(err.statusCode).json({
      error: {
        code: err.code,
        message: err.message,
        details: err.details
      }
    });
  }

  return res.status(500).json({
    error: {
      code: 'INTERNAL_ERROR',
      message: 'An unexpected error occurred'
    }
  });
}

Frontend Error Handling

Reference: patterns/frontend-errors.md

Error Boundaries

class ErrorBoundary extends React.Component {
  state = { hasError: false };

  static getDerivedStateFromError() {
    return { hasError: true };
  }

  componentDidCatch(error, info) {
    logError(error, info);
  }

  render() {
    if (this.state.hasError) {
      return <ErrorFallback => this.setState({ hasError: false })} />;
    }
    return this.props.children;
  }
}

Async Error Handling

async function fetchWithError<T>(url: string): Promise<T> {
  const response = await fetch(url);

  if (!response.ok) {
    const error = await response.json();
    throw new ApiError(error.code, error.message);
  }

  return response.json();
}

Logging Guidelines