Security Checklist

Security Checklist

OWASP Top 10 Prevention

1. Injection (SQL, NoSQL, Command)

// BAD - SQL Injection vulnerable
const query = `SELECT * FROM users WHERE id = ${userId}`;

// GOOD - Parameterized query
const query = 'SELECT * FROM users WHERE id = $1';
await db.query(query, [userId]);

2. Broken Authentication

• Use strong password hashing (bcrypt, argon2)
• Implement rate limiting on login
• Use secure session management
• Enforce MFA for sensitive operations

// Password hashing
const hash = await bcrypt.hash(password, 12);
const isValid = await bcrypt.compare(password, hash);

3. Sensitive Data Exposure

• Encrypt data at rest and in transit
• Use HTTPS everywhere
• Don't log sensitive data
• Mask sensitive fields in responses

4. XML External Entities (XXE)

• Disable DTD processing
• Use JSON instead of XML when possible
• Validate and sanitize XML input

5. Broken Access Control

// Always verify ownership
const resource = await Resource.findById(id);
if (resource.userId !== currentUser.id) {
  throw new ForbiddenError();
}

6. Security Misconfiguration

• Remove default credentials
• Disable directory listing
• Keep dependencies updated
• Use security headers

7. Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)

// BAD - XSS vulnerable
element.innerHTML = userInput;

// GOOD - Escaped output
element.textContent = userInput;

// GOOD - Sanitized HTML
const clean = DOMPurify.sanitize(userInput);

8. Insecure Deserialization

• Don't deserialize untrusted data
• Use allowlists for class types
• Validate integrity of serialized data

9. Using Components with Known Vulnerabilities

• Run npm audit regularly
• Use Dependabot or Snyk
• Keep dependencies updated
• Remove unused dependencies

10. Insufficient Logging & Monitoring

• Log authentication events
• Log access control failures
• Set up alerts for anomalies
• Retain logs for forensics

Security Headers

// Express.js security headers
app.use(helmet());

// Or manually:
app.use((req, res, next) => {
  res.setHeader('X-Content-Type-Options', 'nosniff');
  res.setHeader('X-Frame-Options', 'DENY');
  res.setHeader('X-XSS-Protection', '1; mode=block');
  res.setHeader('Strict-Transport-Security', 'max-age=31536000');
  res.setHeader('Content-Security-Policy', "default-src 'self'");
  next();
});

Input Validation

// Use validation libraries
import { z } from 'zod';

const UserSchema = z.object({
  email: z.string().email(),
  password: z.string().min(8).max(100),
  name: z.string().min(1).max(100),
});

const validated = UserSchema.parse(input);

Environment Variables

# NEVER commit these
.env
.env.local
.env.production

# Use secrets management
# - AWS Secrets Manager
# - HashiCorp Vault
# - Azure Key Vault

CORS Configuration

// Restrictive CORS
app.use(cors({
  origin: ['https://myapp.com'],
  methods: ['GET', 'POST', 'PUT', 'DELETE'],
  credentials: true,
}));

Rate Limiting

import rateLimit from 'express-rate-limit';

const limiter = rateLimit({
  windowMs: 15 * 60 * 1000, // 15 minutes
  max: 100, // limit each IP to 100 requests per window
});

app.use('/api/', limiter);

Secrets Scanning

• Pre-commit hooks with git-secrets
• CI/CD secret scanning
• Never hardcode API keys or passwords