Emulator

Headless Emulator

Boot a BBC Micro or Acorn Atom emulator and interact with it via typed commands. Uses MachineSession from src/machine-session.js.

Usage

Run Node.js one-liners from the jsbeeb project root:

import { MachineSession } from "./src/machine-session.js";

const session = new MachineSession("MODEL_NAME");
await session.initialise();
await session.boot(10);
session.drainOutput(); // clear boot text

await session._machine.type("PRINT 1+1");
await session._machine.runFor(2000000);
console.log(session.drainOutput().screenText);
// "\n\n PRINT 1+1\n        2\n>"

session.destroy();

Text output vs screenshots

Prefer text output (drainOutput().screenText) -- it's lightweight and easy to parse. Only use screenshots when you need to verify graphical output (MODE changes, plotting, character rendering).

// Text (default, preferred):
const output = session.drainOutput();
console.log(output.screenText);

// Screenshot (only when visual verification needed):
import { writeFileSync } from "fs";
const png = await session.screenshot();
writeFileSync("/tmp/screen.png", png);
// Then use Read tool on /tmp/screen.png to view it

Available models

• BBC: B-DFS1.2, B-DFS2.26, Master, Master-MOS3.20
• Atom: Atom-Tape, Atom-Tape-FP, Atom-MMC, Atom-DOS

Key differences between BBC and Atom

• Atom BASIC needs explicit END as the last line of programs
• Atom OS commands use * prefix: *LOAD, *SAVE, *CAT
• Atom runs at 1 MHz (BBC at 2 MHz), so use longer runFor values

Tips

• runFor(n) runs n CPU cycles. At 2 MHz (BBC): n/2000000 seconds. At 1 MHz (Atom): n/1000000 seconds.
• drainOutput() returns { elements, screenText } and clears the buffer. Call between commands for clean output.
• For multi-line programs, type each line separately with runFor(500000) between them.
• session._machine.readbyte(addr) / writebyte(addr, val) for direct memory access.
• session.registers() returns { pc, a, x, y, s, p }.

Example: Atom program

const session = new MachineSession("Atom-Tape");
await session.initialise();
await session.boot(10);
session.drainOutput();

for (const line of ['10PRINT"HELLO"', "20END"]) {
  await session._machine.type(line);
  await session._machine.runFor(500000);
}
session.drainOutput(); // clear line entry echo

await session._machine.type("RUN");
await session._machine.runFor(2000000);
console.log(session.drainOutput().screenText);
// HELLO>

session.destroy();