Latex Vscode

LaTeX in VS Code (Overleaf-equivalent)

Turn VS Code into an Overleaf replacement and operate it from the CLI. The body below is the general playbook; machine-specific facts are fenced in the last section. Prefer checks over assumptions — verify each tool/path on the host you're actually on.

Mental model

LaTeX Workshop (james-yu.latex-workshop) is an orchestrator, not a compiler. You need two things:

1. A TeX distribution providing latexmk, pdflatex/lualatex, bibtex (TeX Live / MacTeX / MiKTeX). Verify: command -v latexmk pdflatex bibtex. If absent, install one (brew install --cask mactex, apt install texlive-full, or an HPC module) — the extension ships none of these.
2. LaTeX Workshop + a few companions (LTeX for grammar, Live Share for collaboration, Code Spell Checker for spelling).

Configuration

Settings location depends on context:

• Local VS Code: ~/.config/Code/User/settings.json (Linux), ~/Library/Application Support/Code/User/settings.json (macOS).
• Remote-SSH / WSL / container: server-side ~/.vscode-server/data/Machine/settings.json (Machine scope = all folders on that host). There is no ~/.config/Code on a Remote-SSH host.
• Per-project override: .vscode/settings.json in the workspace.

Recommended settings (the Overleaf build loop):

{
  "latex-workshop.latex.autoBuild.run": "onSave",   // recompile on save
  "latex-workshop.latex.recipe.default": "latexmk", // one recipe: pdflatex+bibtex+reruns
  "latex-workshop.latex.outDir": "%DIR%/build",     // isolate aux files -> clean tree
  "latex-workshop.view.pdf.viewer": "tab",          // PDF in a tab beside source
  "latex-workshop.synctex.afterBuild.enabled": true,// source <-> PDF jump
  "latex-workshop.message.error.show": true,
  "latex-workshop.message.warning.show": false,
  "[latex]": {
    "editor.formatOnSave": true,                    // latexindent (ships with TeX Live)
    "editor.defaultFormatter": "James-Yu.latex-workshop",
    "editor.wordWrap": "on"
  },
  "ltex.language": "en-US",
  "cSpell.language": "en"
}

After editing settings or installing an extension: Developer: Reload Window.

Install an extension headlessly (works over Remote-SSH too):

code --install-extension james-yu.latex-workshop
code --install-extension ltex-plus.vscode-ltex-plus      # grammar (maintained LTeX fork)
code --install-extension ms-vsliveshare.vsliveshare      # real-time collab
code --install-extension streetsidesoftware.code-spell-checker

On a Remote-SSH host the code CLI lives at ~/.vscode-server/cli/servers/Stable-*/server/bin/remote-cli/code.

Project model

One folder = one "project" (like an Overleaf project), each with a main.tex. Keep a template with main.tex + refs.bib; new paper = copy the folder.

Compiling from the CLI (what LaTeX Workshop runs)

cd <project>
latexmk -synctex=1 -interaction=nonstopmode -file-line-error -pdf -outdir=build main.tex

• Output: build/main.pdf; build/main.log (errors); build/main.bbl (bibliography ran); build/main.synctex.gz (sync data).
• lualatex (fontspec/unicode-math): add -lualatex instead of -pdf.
• Clean rebuild: latexmk -C -outdir=build main.tex, then rebuild.

Diagnosing failures

• Non-zero exit = real error. Locate it: grep -nE "^.*:[0-9]+:|! |Undefined|Error" build/main.log | head
• Citation 'X' undefined → key missing in .bib, or no \bibliography{refs}; latexmk reruns the bibtex pass automatically once those are fixed.
• File 'X.sty' not found → package not installed. If the TeX install is writable, tlmgr install X; if read-only (many HPC/shared installs), vendor the .sty next to main.tex or switch packages.
• Hang waiting for input → ensure -interaction=nonstopmode.

Bibliography: bibtex vs biber

natbib + bibtex works on virtually every TeX install. biblatex needs biber — verify it exists first: command -v biber. If absent, use natbib/bibtex (latexmk's default recipe handles it).

Editor workflow (Overleaf → VS Code)

Compute Canada (this machine)

Facts verified on this Remote-SSH host (Fir / gentoo stack) — confirm with the checks above if the cluster changes:

• LaTeX binaries are already on PATH via the cvmfs gentoo stack — no module load needed: latexmk, pdflatex, lualatex, bibtex, latexindent.
• biber is absent → use natbib/bibtex.
• TeX Live is a shared read-only cvmfs install → no tlmgr install; vendor missing .sty files into the project folder.
• Settings live at ~/.vscode-server/data/Machine/settings.json (already configured per the block above).
• Starter project: ~/papers/example-paper/ (main.tex + refs.bib). New paper: cp -r ~/papers/example-paper ~/papers/<name>.
• node/npx (for npx skills …, unrelated to LaTeX) is not on the default PATH; load it inside one shell call: bash -lc 'module load nodejs/24.15.0 >/dev/null 2>&1; npx ...' (module load does not persist across separate Bash tool calls).

Related skills

• Manuscript prose → scientific-writing.
• Generating/validating BibTeX entries → citation-management.
• Publication figures → scientific-visualization.