Switchboard

SwitchBoard

Route tasks to the cheapest model that can handle them. Most agent work is routine.

Prerequisites

This skill requires an OpenRouter API key for model routing. Add it to your OpenClaw user config:

// ~/.openclaw/openclaw.json
{
  "openrouter_api_key": "sk-or-v1-..."
}

Without this key, /model switching and sessions_spawn with non-default models will fail. Get a key at openrouter.ai/keys.

Privacy Note: Some models listed in this skill (e.g., Aurora Alpha, Free Router) may log prompts and completions for provider training. Do not route sensitive data (API keys, passwords, private PII) through free or unmoderated models. Review model privacy policies at openrouter.ai/docs before use.

Core Principle

80% of agent tasks are janitorial. File reads, status checks, formatting, simple Q&A. These don't need expensive models. Reserve premium models for problems that actually require deep reasoning.

Model Tiers

For OpenRouter-specific pricing and models, see references/openrouter-models.md.

Tier 0: Free

Free models have rate limits and variable availability. Good for non-critical background tasks.

Tier 1: Cheap ($0.02-0.50/M tokens)

Tier 2: Mid ($1-5/M tokens)

Tier 3: Premium ($5+/M tokens)

Prices as of Feb 2026. Check provider docs for current rates. Context = max context window. Tools = function calling support.

Task Classification

Before executing any task, classify it:

ROUTINE → Use Tier 1

Characteristics:

• Single-step operations
• Clear, unambiguous instructions
• No judgment required
• Deterministic output expected

Examples:

• File read/write operations
• Status checks and health monitoring
• Simple lookups (time, weather, definitions)
• Formatting and restructuring text
• List operations (filter, sort, transform)
• API calls with known parameters
• Heartbeat and cron tasks
• URL fetching and basic parsing

MODERATE → Use Tier 2

Characteristics:

• Multi-step but well-defined
• Some synthesis required
• Standard patterns apply
• Quality matters but isn't critical

Examples:

• Code generation (standard patterns)
• Summarization and synthesis
• Draft writing (emails, docs, messages)
• Data analysis and transformation
• Multi-file operations
• Tool orchestration
• Code review (non-security)
• Search and research tasks

COMPLEX → Use Tier 3

Characteristics:

• Novel problem solving required
• Multiple valid approaches
• Nuanced judgment calls
• High stakes or irreversible
• Previous attempts failed

Examples:

• Multi-step debugging
• Architecture and design decisions
• Security-sensitive code review
• Tasks where cheaper model already failed
• Ambiguous requirements needing interpretation
• Long-context reasoning (>50K tokens)
• Creative work requiring originality
• Adversarial or edge-case handling

Decision Algorithm

function selectModel(task):
  # Rule 1: Escalation override
  if task.previousAttemptFailed:
    return nextTierUp(task.previousModel)

  # Rule 2: Hard constraints (filter before cost)
  candidates = ALL_MODELS
  if task.requiresToolUse:
    candidates = candidates.filter(m => m.supportsTools)
  if task.estimatedTokens > 128_000:
    candidates = candidates.filter(m => m.contextWindow >= task.estimatedTokens)
  if task.requiresMultimodal:
    candidates = candidates.filter(m => m.supportsImages)

  # Rule 3: Latency constraint
  if task.isRealTime or task.inAgentLoop:
    candidates = candidates.filter(m => m.latencyTier <= "fast")

  # Rule 4: Complexity classification
  if task.hasSignal("debug", "architect", "design", "security"):
    return cheapestIn(candidates, TIER_3)
  if task.hasSignal("summarize", "analyze", "refactor"):
    return cheapestIn(candidates, TIER_2)

  complexity = classifyTask(task)
  if complexity == ROUTINE:
    return cheapestIn(candidates, TIER_1)
  elif complexity == MODERATE:
    return cheapestIn(candidates, TIER_2)
  else:
    return cheapestIn(candidates, TIER_3)

Note: "write", "read", "code" alone are poor routing signals — "write a file" is Tier 1: work, not Tier 2. Classify based on the task structure, not individual keywords.

Latency Considerations

Cost isn't the only axis. For real-time agent loops, latency matters:

TTFT = Time To First Token. Reasoning models (o1, o3-mini) have high TTFT due to thinking time but are worth it for hard problems.

Rule of thumb: If the agent is waiting in a loop for a response before the next action, use Tier 1. If the task is fire-and-forget, cost matters more than speed.

Behavioral Rules

For Main Session

1. Default to Tier 2 for interactive work
2. Suggest downgrade when doing routine work: "This is routine - I can handle this on a cheaper model or spawn a sub-agent."
3. Request upgrade when stuck: "This needs more reasoning power. Switching to [premium model]."

For Sub-Agents

1. Default to Tier 1 unless task is clearly moderate+
2. Batch similar tasks to amortize overhead
3. Report failures back to parent for escalation
4. Check context window limits before dispatching — don't send 200K tokens to a 32K model

For Automated Tasks

1. Heartbeats/monitoring → Always Tier 1 (or Free if available)
2. Scheduled reports → Tier 1 or 2 based on complexity
3. Alert responses → Start Tier 2, escalate if needed
4. Background data fetching → Free tier when non-critical

Communication Patterns

When suggesting model changes, use clear language:

Downgrade suggestion:

"This looks like routine file work. Want me to spawn a sub-agent on DeepSeek for this? Same result, fraction of the cost."

Upgrade request:

"I'm hitting the limits of what I can figure out here. This needs Opus-level reasoning. Switching up."

Explaining hierarchy:

"I'm running the heavy analysis on Sonnet while sub-agents fetch the data on DeepSeek. Keeps costs down without sacrificing quality where it matters."

Cost Impact

Assuming 100K tokens/day average usage:

The 80/15/5 split:

• 80% routine tasks on Tier 1 (~$4)
• 15% moderate tasks on Tier 2 (~$5)
• 5% complex tasks on Tier 3 (~$3)

Result: 6-10x cost reduction vs pure premium, with equivalent quality on complex tasks.

OpenClaw Integration

Session Model Switching

# config.yml - set your default session model
model: anthropic/claude-sonnet-4

# Mid-session, switch down for routine work
/model deepseek/deepseek-chat

# Switch up when you hit a wall
/model anthropic/claude-opus-4

Spawning Sub-Agents

# Batch routine tasks on cheap models
sessions_spawn:
  task: "Fetch and parse these 50 URLs"
  model: deepseek/deepseek-chat

# Use Qwen3 Coder for file-heavy agent work
sessions_spawn:
  task: "Refactor these test files to use the new helper"
  model: qwen/qwen3-coder-next

# Free tier for non-critical background jobs
sessions_spawn:
  task: "Check health of all endpoints and log status"
  model: openrouter/free

Recommended OpenClaw Defaults

Anti-Patterns

DON'T:

• Leave your session on Opus when the task is clearly routine — /model deepseek exists for a reason
• Spawn sub-agents without specifying a model — they inherit the session model, which is usually Tier 2
• Use Tier 3 for sessions_spawn tasks like file parsing, URL fetching, or status checks
• Forget context window limits — spawning a 200K-token task on a 32K model will silently truncate
• Run recurring or scheduled tasks on anything above Tier 1

DO:

• Set model: anthropic/claude-sonnet-4 as your config.yml default — good baseline
• Always set an explicit model field in sessions_spawn — default to deepseek/deepseek-chat or qwen/qwen3-coder-next
• /model switch down the moment you realize the current task is janitorial
• /model switch up the moment you're stuck — don't waste tokens retrying on a weak model
• Use openrouter/free for fire-and-forget background checks

Extending This Skill

Optimize your switchboard over time:

1. Track your actual spend — review your OpenRouter dashboard weekly to see which models are burning tokens
2. Add your own routing signals — if your workflow has domain terms (e.g., "settlement", "pricing", "vault"), map them to tiers
3. Tune the 80/15/5 split — if you find yourself escalating more than 5% of tasks, your classification may be too aggressive
4. Pin model versions — when a cheap model works well for you, pin the version (e.g., deepseek/deepseek-chat-v3.1) so provider updates don't break your flow
5. Set OpenRouter budget alerts — catch runaway premium usage before it compounds