Train Complex Blackbox

0. Ask user for API key + model (or API key + base url + model) for debugging

This is not 100% necessary, but it can help a lot in debugging in step 1. If user has not given a API, ask user to give your one.

By default, the code you write should be located at ./tutorial/opencode_build_xxxxxx/*.py

1. Initial Programming

Writing dataset collector (get_training_dataset_item_list.py)

• get_training_dataset_item_list.py: Returns a list of training data items. Maybe a list of training tasks, each item is a string identifier of a training task, or a dict containing necessary information for the training task.

Episode Runner (run_episode_once.py)

• run_episode_once.py:

  • Argument Parser: takes (training data item identifier + api-key + base-url) as input, model-name is not required, you can make up a model name because we ignore it.

  • Execute the agent: read the document of the agent user asked you to train, figure out how to execute the agent. In most cases you can use subprocess to start a commandline process to execute the agent, your biggest issue is to figure out how to pass the training data item identifier, api-key and base-url to that commandline process. You can also use python code to execute the agent if you think it's more convenient.

  • Reward: extract / compute the reward/score for the agent's output. Some agents have clear reward sigal, but others don't.

    • clear reward signal: take that down as the reward, no need to do extra reward engineering.
    • no clear reward signal: you need to design a reward function to compute the reward/score for the agent's output. You can use another LLM to help you design the reward function, or you can design it by yourself if you have domain knowledge.

Test

Remember to test these two parts before moving to step 2, make sure they work as expected.

2. Writing training code

This part is easy, simply follow this template and change the necessary part such as dataset path, model name, etc.

agent_roll.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import os
import re
import requests
from textwrap import dedent
from ajet.schema.task import Task, WorkflowOutput
from ajet.copilot.job import AgentJetJob
from ajet.task_reader import RouterTaskReader
from ajet.utils.thread_executors import PeriodicDrainThreadPoolExecutor
from ajet.tuner_lib.as_oai_baseurl_apikey import OpenaiBaseUrlAndApiKey
from ajet.default_config.ajet_config_schema import AjetTaskReader, HuggingfaceDatRepo
from ajet.tuner_lib.experimental.swarm_client import SwarmClient

# python -m tutorial.example_math_swarm.math

GRPO_N = 4  # grpo group size
NUM_EPOCH = 10000
AJET_SWARM_URL = os.getenv("AJET_SWARM_URL", "http://localhost:10086")
REMOTE_MODEL_PATH = os.getenv("REMOTE_MODEL_PATH", "/mnt/data_cpfs/model_cache/modelscope/hub/Qwen/Qwen/Qwen2.5-7B-Instruct")
REMOTE_BATCH_SIZE = 32
REMOTE_ALLOCATE_GPU_PER_NODE = 8

def main():

    # Handshake with swarm remote, then send training param to swarm remote (such as model to be trained, algorithm, etc)
    dataset = RouterTaskReader(
        reader_type = "huggingface_dat_repo",
        reader_config = AjetTaskReader(
            huggingface_dat_repo = HuggingfaceDatRepo(
                dataset_path = '/mnt/data_cpfs/model_cache/modelscope/dataset/openai/gsm8k/main',
                # dataset_path = "/root/agentjet/benchmark_datasets/dataset/gsm8k/socratic",
                # dataset_path = "openai/gsm8k",
                # dataset_name = "main",
            )
        )
    )
    # Load the CountDown dataset
    # print(f"Loading dataset from: {LOCAL_DATASET_PATH}")
    # dataset = RouterTaskReader(
    #     reader_type="jsonl_dataset_file",
    #     reader_config=AjetTaskReader(
    #         jsonl_dataset_file=JsonlDatasetFile(
    #             training=JsonlTrainingFp(file_path=LOCAL_DATASET_PATH)
    #         )
    #     ),
    # )

    # Hand shake with remote swarm server
    swarm_worker = SwarmClient(AJET_SWARM_URL)
    ajet_job = AgentJetJob(
        experiment_name="math_gsm8k_grpo",
        algorithm="grpo",
        n_gpu=REMOTE_ALLOCATE_GPU_PER_NODE,
        model=REMOTE_MODEL_PATH,
        batch_size=REMOTE_BATCH_SIZE,
        num_repeat=GRPO_N,
        # LoRA parameters (optional, for parameter-efficient fine-tuning):
        # lora_rank=8,           # Set > 0 to enable LoRA training (default: 0 = disabled)
        # lora_alpha=16,         # LoRA alpha scaling factor (default: 16)
        # lora_target_modules="all-linear",  # Target modules for LoRA (default: "all-linear")
        # Full argument list: run `help(AgentJetJob)` or check `ajet/copilot/job.py`
    )
    print(ajet_job.config.to_dict())
    swarm_worker.auto_sync_train_config_and_start_engine(
        ajet_job,
        force_restart=True,
    )

    def rollout(task):
        # begin episode
        episode_uuid, api_baseurl_key = swarm_worker.begin_episode(discard_episode_timeout=60)
        # execute agent ( base_url = api_baseurl_key.base_url, api_key = api_baseurl_key.api_key )
        workflow_output = execute_agent(task, api_baseurl_key)  # reward is in `workflow_output`
        # report output back to swarm remote
        swarm_worker.end_episode(task, episode_uuid, workflow_output)
        return

    executor = PeriodicDrainThreadPoolExecutor(workers=GRPO_N * REMOTE_BATCH_SIZE, auto_retry=True)
    for _ in range(NUM_EPOCH):
        for _, task in enumerate(dataset.generate_training_tasks()):
            for _ in range(GRPO_N):
                executor.submit_with_periodic_drain(fn=rollout, task=task)

    return None


def execute_agent(task: Task, api_baseurl_key: OpenaiBaseUrlAndApiKey):
    ....
    raw_reward: float = ...  # compute the reward for the agent's output
    return WorkflowOutput(reward=raw_reward, metadata={"important_metadata": important_metadata})


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

It is very clear now, your job in step 2 is to:

• use get_training_dataset_item_list.py to generate List[Task] (from ajet.schema.task import Task)
• use run_episode_once.py to execute a single episode and place it in execute_agent function

3. Simplify your code and fix bugs

before moving to step 4, you can simplify your code and fix bugs to make sure it can run smoothly.

4. Training

Finally, you can start training.

Run ajet-swarm start to start training server (if the user has already installed agentjet swarm environment), if the user has docker environment, you can also refer to docs/en/ajet-swarm-docker.md to start a AgentSwarm docker container. If the user can provider the ssh connection to the GPU server / cluster, you can send the ajet-swarm start command to the remote server via ssh to start the swarm server, the port forward 10086 port (default agentjet swarm port) to user local machine.

Create a duplication of agent_roll.py named agent_roll_one_episode_debug.py, and modify it to only run one episode, this can help you debug whether the episode runner and reward function work as expected.

After the server side is ready, run

python /path/to/agent_roll_one_episode_debug.py

watch console log to see if the episode can be executed successfully and reward can be computed correctly.

If anything goes wrong, keep server running, rewrite and fix agent_roll_one_episode_debug.py, and run it again until it can run one episode successfully.

Next, patch agent_roll.py if there are any bugs discorvered via the debugging of agent_roll_one_episode_debug.py, and then run

python /path/to/agent_roll.py

to start the training!