Agent Desktop

Agent Desktop - Printing Press CLI

agent-desktop is a native desktop automation CLI for AI agents. It is not an agent and does not call an LLM. It exposes the operating system accessibility tree as structured JSON, assigns snapshot-scoped refs such as @e1, and lets the calling agent perform semantic actions against those refs.

This Printing Press package installs agent-desktop-pp-cli, a catalog bridge. The bridge does not reimplement automation. It installs or delegates to the real remote agent-desktop package from https://github.com/lahfir/agent-desktop and the npm package agent-desktop.

Prerequisites: Install the CLI

This skill drives the agent-desktop-pp-cli binary. You must verify the CLI is installed before invoking any command from this skill. If it is missing, install it first:

1. Install via the Printing Press installer. It defaults binaries to $HOME/.local/bin on macOS/Linux and %LOCALAPPDATA%\Programs\PrintingPress\bin on Windows:

   npx -y @mvanhorn/printing-press-library install agent-desktop --cli-only
   

2. Verify: agent-desktop-pp-cli --version
3. Ensure the reported install directory is on $PATH for the agent/runtime that will invoke this skill.

If the npx install fails (no Node, offline, etc.), fall back to a direct Go install (requires Go 1.26.6 or newer). This installs into $GOPATH/bin (default $HOME/go/bin), so add that directory to $PATH instead:

go install github.com/mvanhorn/printing-press-library/library/developer-tools/agent-desktop/cmd/agent-desktop-pp-cli@latest

If --version reports "command not found" after install, the runtime cannot see the binary directory on $PATH. Do not proceed with skill commands until verification succeeds.

Install the Real agent-desktop CLI

After the bridge is installed, install and verify the real remote desktop automation CLI:

agent-desktop-pp-cli install --version latest
agent-desktop-pp-cli doctor

The bridge defaults to agent-desktop@latest, so future upstream releases are pulled from the remote package channel instead of being copied into Printing Press. Use agent-desktop-pp-cli install --version <version> when a task needs a pinned version. Use agent-desktop-pp-cli install --dry-run before mutating a host when you only need to inspect the install command.

Load Version-Matched Docs

The real binary ships its own agent skills inside the executable. Prefer those docs before nontrivial desktop work because they match the installed agent-desktop version exactly:

agent-desktop skills
agent-desktop skills get desktop --full
agent-desktop skills get desktop workflows
agent-desktop skills get desktop commands-observation
agent-desktop skills get desktop commands-interaction
agent-desktop skills get desktop commands-system
agent-desktop skills get desktop macos
agent-desktop skills get ffi --full

After doctor confirms the real binary is installed, call agent-desktop directly for commands that need their own flags.

Core Loop

Every useful automation follows the same loop:

agent-desktop permissions
agent-desktop snapshot --app "App Name" -i
agent-desktop click @e5 --snapshot <snapshot_id>
agent-desktop wait --text "Done" --app "App Name" --timeout 5000
agent-desktop snapshot --app "App Name" -i

Rules for agents:

• Snapshot before acting. Do not guess UI state.
• Keep the returned snapshot_id and pass it to every ref-consuming command.
• Treat refs as ephemeral. Re-snapshot after UI-changing actions.
• Prefer refs over coordinates. Use click @e5, type @e2, check @e4, or scroll @e1 before mouse-click --xy.
• Use wait --predicate actionable, wait --text, wait --window, or wait --notification instead of blind sleeps.
• On STALE_REF or AMBIGUOUS_TARGET, take a fresh snapshot and choose a new ref. Do not retry the same stale ref.
• Use --session <id> when concurrent agents may share latest-snapshot state.
• Use --trace /tmp/agent-desktop.jsonl when diagnosing stale refs, ambiguity, policy denial, or actionability failures.
• Use --headed only when physical input is explicitly required. Ref actions are headless and accessibility-first by default.

JSON Contract

All real agent-desktop commands write a JSON envelope on stdout.

Success:

{
  "version": "2.0",
  "ok": true,
  "command": "snapshot",
  "data": {
    "snapshot_id": "s8f3k2p9",
    "ref_count": 14
  }
}

Error:

{
  "version": "2.0",
  "ok": false,
  "command": "click",
  "error": {
    "code": "STALE_REF",
    "message": "Element could not be resolved from the requested snapshot",
    "suggestion": "Run snapshot to refresh, then retry with an updated ref"
  }
}

Exit codes are 0 for success, 1 for structured runtime errors, and 2 for argument or parse errors. The bridge run command preserves the real binary's exit code.

Command Surface

The real CLI exposes 54 commands:

Common examples:

agent-desktop snapshot --app Finder -i --compact
agent-desktop snapshot --skeleton --app Slack -i --compact
agent-desktop snapshot --root @e3 --snapshot <snapshot_id> -i --compact
agent-desktop find --app TextEdit --role button --name Save
agent-desktop get @e3 --snapshot <snapshot_id> --property value
agent-desktop is @e7 --snapshot <snapshot_id> --property checked
agent-desktop click @e5 --snapshot <snapshot_id>
agent-desktop type @e2 --snapshot <snapshot_id> "hello@example.com"
agent-desktop check @e6 --snapshot <snapshot_id>
agent-desktop scroll @e1 --snapshot <snapshot_id> --direction down --amount 3
agent-desktop press cmd+s --app TextEdit
agent-desktop list-windows --app Finder
agent-desktop focus-window --app Finder
agent-desktop clipboard-get
agent-desktop wait --element @e5 --snapshot <snapshot_id> --predicate actionable --timeout 5000
agent-desktop batch '[{"command":"status","args":{}}]' --stop-on-error

Printing Press Bridge Commands

Use these only for catalog, install, diagnosis, and delegation:

agent-desktop-pp-cli info
agent-desktop-pp-cli install --version latest
agent-desktop-pp-cli install --version latest --dry-run
agent-desktop-pp-cli install --manager bun
agent-desktop-pp-cli doctor
agent-desktop-pp-cli doctor --json
agent-desktop-pp-cli run version
agent-desktop-pp-cli run status

After doctor confirms the real binary is on PATH, agents may call agent-desktop directly. Keep using agent-desktop-pp-cli run when the caller needs a stable Printing Press entry point.

Platform Notes

macOS is the Phase 1 fully implemented adapter. The launching app, such as Terminal, iTerm, Codex, or another agent runtime, needs Accessibility permission for UI automation. Screenshots need Screen Recording permission. Some automation surfaces may also require Automation permission.

Check and request permissions with:

agent-desktop permissions
agent-desktop permissions --request

If permissions are denied, stop and surface the returned error.suggestion. Do not work around TCC failures with coordinate clicking.